string(14) "127.0.0.1:9200"
URL: http://127.0.0.1:9200/likecs_art_db/_search<br>REQUEST:<pre>Array
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</pre>string(14) "127.0.0.1:9200"
URL: http://127.0.0.1:9200/likecs_art_db/_search<br>REQUEST:<pre>Array
(
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            [pre_tags] => #em#
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</pre>RESPONSE:<pre>string(7943) "{"took":30,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":10000,"relation":"gte"},"max_score":27.936281,"hits":[{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203454016","_score":21.99572,"_source":{"id":"203454016","text":"java\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u2014\u2014xml\u7684\u4f7f\u7528","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1633696760"},"highlight":{"text":["java#em#学#/em##em#习#/em##em#笔#/em##em#记#/em#——#em#xml#/em#的使用"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"130429","_score":21.21092,"_source":{"id":"130429","text":"XML\u6570\u636e\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"movin2333","tagsname":"C#|Unity|\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0","tagsid":"[\"187\",\"1329\",\"463\"]","catesname":"","catesid":"[]","createtime":"1617190243"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#XML#/em#数据持久化#em#学#/em##em#习#/em##em#笔#/em##em#记#/em#"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203308723","_score":21.21092,"_source":{"id":"203308723","text":"Java\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0-Java\u57fa\u784012\uff08xml\uff09","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1623204855"},"highlight":{"text":["Java#em#学#/em##em#习#/em##em#笔#/em##em#记#/em#-Java基础12（#em#xml#/em#）"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"1011406","_score":21.077522,"_source":{"id":"1011406","text":"\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0 --- XML\u3001\u751f\u6210Excel\u3001XML\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6 - 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</pre>string(14) "127.0.0.1:9200"
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<h2>本文主要记录xml学习过程中的一些笔记，包括xml作用，语法以及解析。</h2>
<h2>1、HTML和XML的区别     </h2>
<h3><strong>1.1、HTML</strong></h3>
<p style="margin-left: 60px; text-align: left;">名称：     <strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">H</span>yper<span style="color: #ff0000;">T</span>ext <span style="color: #ff0000;">M</span>arkup <span style="color: #ff0000;">L</span>anguae</strong>（超文本标记语言）</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px; text-align: left;">标签：     标签是w3c组成指定，固定的，约100来个。也可以自定义标签。（自定义标签也可叫xml标签）</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px; text-align: left;">作用：     负责网页的结构 。被设计用来<span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>显示数据</strong></span>。</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">HTML: 负责网页的结构 </p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">CSS： 负责网页的样式（美观）</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">Javascript： 负责在浏览器端与用户进行交互。</p>
<p>                负责静态的网页制作的语言。HTML语言特点：</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">1）由标签组成。 &lt;title&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;hr/&gt; &lt;br/&gt;等。</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">2）语法结构松散的。表现在：大小写不区分，结束标签和开始标签不一定匹配。</p>
<h3>1.2、XML    </h3>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">名称：<strong>E<span style="color: red;">x</span>tend <span style="color: red;">M</span>arkup<span style="color: red;"> L</span>anguge</strong>（可扩展标签语言）。是一种标记语言，很类似 HTML</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">标签：标签由开发者自己制定的（要按照一定的语法定义），没有被预定义。</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">作用：设计宗旨是<strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">传输数据</span></strong>，而非显示数据。被设计为具有自我描述性。</p>
<ul>
<li style="margin-left: 60px;">描述带关系的数据（作为软件的配置文件）: 包含与被包含的关系。</li>
<li style="margin-left: 60px;">作为数据的载体（存储数据，小型的"数据库"）</li>
</ul>
<h2>2 XML作用</h2>
<h3>2.1 描述带关系的数据（<span style="color: red;">软件的配置文件</span>）</h3>
<p>            web服务器（PC）：</p>
<p>            使用ip（255.43.12.54）地址和端口（1521），连接oracle数据库，保存学生数据。</p>
<p>                把ip地址端口配置到xml文件：</p>
<p>                        host.xml</p>
<p>                            <span style="color: red;">&lt;host&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                                &lt;ip&gt;255.43.12.55&lt;/ip&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                                &lt;port&gt;1521&lt;/port&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                            &lt;/host&gt;</span></p>
<h3>2.2 数据的载体（小型的"数据库"）</h3>
<p>            教师管理系统：  教师信息：姓名+工龄+邮箱</p>
<p>           当发送教师数据给财务管理系统时，可以有多种发送方式，如：</p>
<ol>
<li>字符串发送：String teacher = name=张三&amp;email=zhangsan@qq.com&amp;workage=2 。此法存在问题： 1）不好解析 2）不是规范）。</li>
<li> xml格式发送：</li>
</ol>
<p>                <span style="color: red;">    teacher.xml </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                        &lt;teacher&gt;     </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                                &lt;name&gt;张三&lt;/name&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                                &lt;email&gt;zhangsan@qq.com&lt;/email&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                                &lt;workage&gt;2&lt;/workage&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                        &lt;/teacher&gt; </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                    这种一种规范</span></p>
<h2>3 XML语法</h2>
<p>        xml文件以xml后缀名结尾。</p>
<p>        xml文件需要使用xml解析器去解析。浏览器内置了xml解析器。</p>
<h3>3.1 标签</h3>
<p>            语法： &lt;student&gt;&lt;/student&gt; 开始标签 标签体内容 结束标签</p>
<p>                1）&lt;student/&gt; 或 &lt;student&gt;&lt;/student&gt; 空标签。没有标签体内容</p>
<p>                2）<strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">xml标签名称区分大小写</span></strong>。</p>
<p>                3）xml标签一定要<strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">正确配对</span></strong>。</p>
<p>                4）xml标签名中间不能使用空格。</p>
<p>                5）xml标签名不能以数字开头</p>
<p>            <span style="color: red;">    6）注意： 在一个xml文档中，有且仅有一个根标签 </span></p>
<h3>3.2 属性</h3>
<p>            语法： &lt;Student<span style="color: red;"> name="eric"</span>&gt;student&lt;/Student&gt;</p>
<p>            注意：</p>
<p>                    1）<strong>属性值必须以引号包含</strong>，不能省略，也不能单双引号混用！！！</p>
<p>                    2）一个标签内<strong>可以有多个属性</strong>，但不能出现重复的属性名！！！</p>
<h3>3.3 注释</h3>
<p>                    语言： &lt;!-- xml注释 --&gt; 。在 XML 中编写注释的语法与 HTML 的语法很相似：</p>
<pre>&lt;!-- This is a comment --&gt; </pre>
<h3>3.4 xml文档声明</h3>
<p><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/default/index/img?u=L2RlZmF1bHQvaW5kZXgvaW1nP3U9YUhSMGNITTZMeTlwYldjeU1ERTRMbU51WW14dlozTXVZMjl0TDJKc2IyY3ZNVFl6TURjMU55OHlNREU1TURVdk1UWXpNRGMxTnkweU1ERTVNRFV5TURFNU16Z3pOVFV5TXkwek56TTVNRGczT1RrdWNHNW4=" alt=""></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">语法： &lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&gt;</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">        version: xml的版本号</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">        encoding： 解析xml文件时查询的码表（解码过程时查询的码表）</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">        注意：</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">                1）如果在ecplise工具中开发xml文件，保存xml文件时自动按照文档声明的encoding来保存文件。</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">                2）如果用记事本工具修改xml文件，注意保存xml文件按照文档声明的encoding的码表来保存。</p>
<h3>3.5 转义字符/实体引用</h3>
<p>        在xml中内置了一些特殊字符，这些特殊字符不能直接被浏览器原样输出。如果希望把这些特殊字符按照原样输出到浏览器，对这些特殊字符进行转义。转义之后的字符就叫转义字节。</p>
<p>如果你把字符 "&lt;" 放在 XML 元素中，会发生错误，这是因为解析器会把它当作新元素的开始。</p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px;">这样会产生 XML 错误：</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">&lt;message&gt;if salary &lt; 1000 then&lt;/message&gt;</p>
<p style="margin-left: 30px;">为了避免这个错误，请用实体引用来代替 "&lt;" 字符：</p>
<pre>&lt;message&gt;if salary <code>&amp;lt;</code> 1000 then&lt;/message&gt; </pre>
<p style="margin-left: 30px;">在 XML 中，有 5 个预定义的实体引用：</p>
<table class="dataintable" style="height: 164px; width: 581px;"><tbody>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&amp;lt;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&lt;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>小于</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&amp;gt;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&gt;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>大于</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&amp;amp;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&amp;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>和号</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&amp;apos;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>'</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>单引号</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>&amp;quot;</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>"</strong></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>引号</strong></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="note" style="margin-left: 30px;">注释：在 XML 中，只有字符 "&lt;" 和 "&amp;" 确实是非法的。大于号是合法的，但是用实体引用来代替它是一个好习惯。       </p>
<h3>3.6 CDATA块</h3>
<p>        作用： 可以让一些需要进行包含特殊字符的内容统一进行原样输出。</p>
<h3>3.7 处理指令</h3>
<p>            作用： 告诉xml解析如果解析xml文档</p>
<p>            案例： &lt;?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="1.css"?&gt; 告诉xml解析该xml文档引用了哪个css文件</p>
<p>             需要提取xml内容可以使用xml-stylesheet指令指令</p>
<h2>4 XML解析    </h2>
<h3>4.1 引入</h3>
<p>        xml文件除了给开发者看，更多的情况使用<span style="color: red;">程序读取xml文件的内容</span>。这叫做xml解析</p>
<h3>      4.2 XML解析方式（原理不同）</h3>
<p>            DOM解析</p>
<p>            SAX解析</p>
<h3>4.3 XML解析工具</h3>
<p>                DOM解析原理:</p>
<p>                        1）JAXP （oracle-Sun公司官方）</p>
<p>                        2）JDOM工具（非官方）</p>
<p>                    <span style="color: red;">    3）Dom4J工具（非官方） </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                            java三大框架（默认读取xml的工具就是Dom4j） </span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                        .......</span></p>
<p><span style="color: red;">                </span>SAX解析原理：</p>
<p>                    <span style="color: red;">    1）Sax解析工具（oracle-sun公司官方）</span></p>
<h3>4.4 什么是DOM解析</h3>
<p>            DOM解析原理：xml解析器一次性把整个xml文档加载进内存，然后在内存中构建一颗Document的对象树，通过Document对象，得到树上的节点对象，通过节点对象访问（操作）到xml文档的内容。</p>
<h3>4.5 Dom4j工具</h3>
<p>            非官方，不在java jdk中。</p>
<p>            使用步骤：</p>
<p>                1）导入dom4j的核心包。 dom4j-1.6.1.jar</p>
<p>                2）编写Dom4j读取xml文件代码</p>
<p>                </p>
<div>
<table style="border-collapse: collapse;" border="0">
<colgroup><col style="width: 590px;"></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top"><tr>
<td style="padding-left: 7px; padding-right: 7px; border: solid black 0.5pt;">
<p><span style="color: #7f0055; font-family: Courier New;"><strong>public</strong><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: #7f0055;"><strong>static</strong><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: #7f0055;"><strong>void</strong><span style="color: black;"> main(String[] args) {</span> </span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">        <span style="color: #7f0055;"><strong>try</strong><span style="color: black;"> {</span> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Courier New;">            <span style="color: #3f7f5f;">//1.</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">创建一个</span><span style="color: #3f7f5f;"><span style="font-family: Courier New; text-decoration: underline;">xml</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">解析器对象</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">            <span style="color: red;">SAXReader reader = <strong>new</strong> SAXReader(); </span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: Courier New;">            <span style="color: #3f7f5f;">//2.</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">读取</span><span style="color: #3f7f5f;"><span style="font-family: Courier New; text-decoration: underline;">xml</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">文档，返回</span><span style="font-family: Courier New;">Document</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">对象</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">            <span style="color: red;">Document doc = reader.read(<strong>new</strong> File("./src/contact.xml"));</span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">            System.<span style="color: #0000c0;"><em>out</em><span style="color: black;">.println(doc);</span> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">        } <span style="color: #7f0055;"><strong>catch</strong><span style="color: black;"> (DocumentException e) {</span> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Courier New;"><span style="color: black;">            e.<span style="background-color: silver;">printStackTrace</span>();</span> </span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">            <span style="color: #7f0055;"><strong>throw</strong><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: #7f0055;"><strong>new</strong><span style="color: black;"> RuntimeException(e);</span> </span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Courier New;"><span style="color: black;">        }</span></span><span style="font-family: Courier New;"><span>       </span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: black; font-family: Courier New;">    }</span></p>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p> </p>
<h3>4.6 Domj4读取xml文件</h3>
<p>                节点：</p>
<p>                    Iterator Element.nodeIterator(); //获取当前标签节点下的所有子节点</p>
<p>                标签：</p>
<p>                     Element Document.getRootElement(); //获取xml文档的根标签        </p>
<p>                     Element ELement.element("标签名") //指定名称的第一个子标签</p>
<p>                     Iterator&lt;Element&gt; Element.elementIterator("标签名");// 指定名称的所有子标签</p>
<p>                        List&lt;Element&gt;     Element.elements(); //获取所有子标签</p>
<p>                属性：</p>
<p>                    String Element.attributeValue("属性名") //获取指定名称的属性值</p>
<p>                     Attribute Element.attribute("属性名")；//获取指定名称的属性对象    </p>
<p>                    Attribute.getName() //获取属性名称</p>
<p>                    Attibute.getValue() //获取属性值</p>
<p>                     List&lt;Attribute&gt;     Element.attributes(); //获取所有属性对象</p>
<p>                    Iterator&lt;Attribute&gt;        Element.attibuteIterator(); //获取所有属性对象</p>
<p>                文本：</p>
<p>                            Element.getText(); //获取当前标签的文本</p>
<p>                            Element.elementText("标签名") //获取当前标签的指定名称的子标签的文本内容</p>
<h2>5、<span style="color: #000000;"><strong>总结： </strong></span>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">本文主要介绍了一下：XML的作用、XML语法以及XML解析（DOM解析），下一篇将继续学习 xPath技术、 SAX解析 、 XML约束等xml操作知识。</p>
<p style="margin-left: 60px;">参考文档：<a href="http://www.w3school.com.cn/xml/xml_syntax.asp" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">http://www.w3school.com.cn/xml/xml_syntax.asp</a></p>
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