python批量生成word文档

• • • 一.python-docx
      • • 安装
        • 新建文档
        • 添加段落
        • 添加标题
        • 新起一页
        • 添加表格
        • 取出表格内容
        • 综合应用
    • 二.python-docx-template
      • • 动态生成表格
        • 动态改变单元格的背景色
        • 动态生成页眉；页脚及标题
        • 替换图片
        • 段落和表格中插入图片
        • 默认的页眉页脚
        • 生成账单
        • 嵌套for循环

 

一.python-docx

这是一个很强大的包，可以用来创建docx文档，包含段落、分页符、表格、图片、标题、样式等几乎所有的word文档中能常用的功能都包含了，这个包的主要功能便是用来创建文档，相对来说用来修改功能不是很强大，官网文档

安装

pip install python-docx

新建文档

from docx import Document

document = Document()

添加段落

from docx import Document

document = Document()
paragraph = document.add_paragraph(\'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.\')
document.save(\'00.docx\')

from docx import Document

document = Document()
paragraph = document.add_paragraph(\'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.\')
document.add_paragraph(\'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.\', style=\'ListBullet\')
prior_paragraph = paragraph.insert_paragraph_before(\'Lorem ipsum\')
document.save(\'00.docx\')

添加标题

from docx import Document

document = Document()
document.add_heading(\'The REAL meaning of the universe\',0)
document.add_heading(\'The role of dolphins\', level=0)
document.add_heading(\'The role of dolphins\', level=1)
document.add_heading(\'The role of dolphins\', level=2)
document.add_heading(\'The role of dolphins\', level=3)
document.add_heading(\'The role of dolphins\', level=4)
document.save(\'00.docx\')

新起一页

document.add_page_break()

添加表格

from docx import Document

document = Document()
##创建带边框的表格
table = document.add_table(rows=2, cols=2,style=\'Table Grid\')
cell = table.cell(0, 1)
#第一行第二列
cell.text = \'parrot, possibly dead\'

document.save(\'00.docx\')

from docx import Document

document = Document()
##创建带边框的表格
table = document.add_table(rows=2, cols=2,style=\'Table Grid\')
#第二行
row = table.rows[1]
row.cells[0].text = \'Foo bar to you.\'
row.cells[1].text = \'And a hearty foo bar to you too sir!\'

document.save(\'00.docx\')

from docx import Document

document = Document()


##创建带边框的表格
table = document.add_table(1, 3,style=\'Table Grid\')
#设置表格样式
table.style = \'LightShading-Accent1\'
# populate header row 
heading_cells = table.rows[0].cells
heading_cells[0].text = \'Qty\'
heading_cells[1].text = \'SKU\'
heading_cells[2].text = \'Description\'

# add a data row for each item
for i in  range(2):
    cells = table.add_row().cells
    cells[0].text = str(i)
    cells[1].text = str(i)
    cells[2].text = str(i)
document.save(\'00.docx\')

取出表格内容

from docx import Document

document = Document(\'00.docx\')
tables = document.tables
for table in tables:
    for row in table.rows:
        for cell in row.cells:
            print(cell.text)
print("#"*50)
row_count = len(tables[0].rows)
col_count = len(tables[0].columns)
print(row_count)
print(col_count)
运行结果：


Foo bar to you.
And a hearty foo bar to you too sir!
##################################################
2
2

综合应用

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Inches

document = Document()

document.add_heading(\'Document Title\', 0)

p = document.add_paragraph(\'A plain paragraph having some \')
p.add_run(\'bold\').bold = True
p.add_run(\' and some \')
p.add_run(\'italic.\').italic = True

document.add_heading(\'Heading, level 1\', level=1)
document.add_paragraph(\'Intense quote\', style=\'IntenseQuote\')

document.add_paragraph(
    \'first item in unordered list\', style=\'ListBullet\'
)
document.add_paragraph(
    \'first item in ordered list\', style=\'ListNumber\'
)

document.add_picture(\'img.gif\', width=Inches(2.25))

table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=3)
table.style = \'LightShading-Accent1\'
hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells
hdr_cells[0].text = \'Qty\'
hdr_cells[1].text = \'Id\'
hdr_cells[2].text = \'Desc\'
for item in range(6):
    row_cells = table.add_row().cells
    row_cells[0].text = str(item)
    row_cells[1].text = str(item)
    row_cells[2].text = str(item)

document.add_page_break()

document.save(\'demo.docx\')

二.python-docx-template

和python中的jinja2模板语言一样，有上下文，有模板，然后进行变量的替换，这个包的主要功能是修改word文档。
这个包中使用了两个主要的包：
python-docx：读写word文档
jinja2：基于python的模板引擎，Flask使用jinja2作为框架的模板系统

动态生成表格

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/dynamic_table_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'col_labels\' : [\'fruit\', \'vegetable\', \'stone\', \'thing\'],
    \'tbl_contents\': [
        {\'label\': \'yellow\', \'cols\': [\'banana\', \'capsicum\', \'pyrite\', \'taxi\']},
        {\'label\': \'red\', \'cols\': [\'apple\', \'tomato\', \'cinnabar\', \'doubledecker\']},
        {\'label\': \'green\', \'cols\': [\'guava\', \'cucumber\', \'aventurine\', \'card\']},
        ]
}

tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(\'dynamic_table.docx\')

模板文件dynamic_table_tpl.docx

生成文件dynamic_table.docx

动态改变单元格的背景色

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate, RichText

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/cellbg_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'alerts\' : [
        {\'date\' : \'2015-03-10\', \'desc\' : RichText(\'Very critical alert\',color=\'FF0000\', bold=True), \'type\' : \'CRITICAL\', \'bg\': \'FF0000\' },
        {\'date\' : \'2015-03-11\', \'desc\' : RichText(\'Just a warning\'), \'type\' : \'WARNING\', \'bg\': \'FFDD00\' },
        {\'date\' : \'2015-03-12\', \'desc\' : RichText(\'Information\'), \'type\' : \'INFO\', \'bg\': \'8888FF\' },
        {\'date\' : \'2015-03-13\', \'desc\' : RichText(\'Debug trace\'), \'type\' : \'DEBUG\', \'bg\': \'FF00FF\' },
    ],
}

tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(\'cellbg.docx\')

模板文件cellbg_tpl.docx

生成文件cellbg.docx

动态生成页眉；页脚及标题

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/header_footer_tpl.docx\')

sd = tpl.new_subdoc()
p = sd.add_paragraph(\'This is a sub-document to check it does not break header and footer\')

context = {
    \'title\' : \'Header and footer test\',
    \'company_name\' : \'The World Wide company\',
    \'date\' : \'2016-03-17\',
    \'mysubdoc\' : sd,
}

tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(\'header_footer.docx\')

模板文件header_footer_tpl.docx

生成文件header_footer.docx

替换图片

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

DEST_FILE = \'replace_picture.docx\'

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/replace_picture_tpl.docx\')

context = {}

tpl.replace_pic(\'python_logo.png\',\'test_files/python.png\')
tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(DEST_FILE)

模板文件replace_picture_tpl.docx

生成文件replace_picture.docx

替换页眉中的图片

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

DEST_FILE = \'header_footer_image.docx\'

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/header_footer_image_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'mycompany\' : \'The World Wide company\',
}
tpl.replace_media(\'test_files/dummy_pic_for_header.png\',\'test_files/python.png\')
tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(DEST_FILE)

模板文件header_footer_image_tpl.docx

生成文件header_footer_image.docx

段落和表格中插入图片

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate, InlineImage
# for height and width you have to use millimeters (Mm), inches or points(Pt) class :
from docx.shared import Mm, Inches, Pt
import jinja2
from jinja2.utils import Markup

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/inline_image_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'myimage\' : InlineImage(tpl,\'test_files/python_logo.png\',width=Mm(20)),
    \'myimageratio\': InlineImage(tpl, \'test_files/python_jpeg.jpg\', width=Mm(30), height=Mm(60)),

    \'frameworks\' : [{\'image\' : InlineImage(tpl,\'test_files/django.png\',height=Mm(10)),
                      \'desc\' : \'The web framework for perfectionists with deadlines\'},

                    {\'image\' : InlineImage(tpl,\'test_files/zope.png\',height=Mm(10)),
                     \'desc\' : \'Zope is a leading Open Source Application Server and Content Management Framework\'},

                    {\'image\': InlineImage(tpl, \'test_files/pyramid.png\', height=Mm(10)),
                     \'desc\': \'Pyramid is a lightweight Python web framework aimed at taking small web apps into big web apps.\'},

                    {\'image\' : InlineImage(tpl,\'test_files/bottle.png\',height=Mm(10)),
                     \'desc\' : \'Bottle is a fast, simple and lightweight WSGI micro web-framework for Python\'},

                    {\'image\': InlineImage(tpl, \'test_files/tornado.png\', height=Mm(10)),
                     \'desc\': \'Tornado is a Python web framework and asynchronous networking library.\'},
                    ]
}
# testing that it works also when autoescape has been forced to True
jinja_env = jinja2.Environment(autoescape=True)
tpl.render(context, jinja_env)
tpl.save(\'inline_image.docx\')

模板文件inline_image_tpl.docx

生成文件inline_image.docx

默认的页眉页脚

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/header_footer_entities_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'title\' : \'Header and footer test\',
}

tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(\'header_footer_entities.docx\')

模板文件header_footer_entities_tpl.docx

生成文件header_footer_entities.docx

生成账单

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/order_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'customer_name\' : \'Eric\',
    \'items\' : [
        {\'desc\' : \'Python interpreters\', \'qty\' : 2, \'price\' : \'FREE\' },
        {\'desc\' : \'Django projects\', \'qty\' : 5403, \'price\' : \'FREE\' },
        {\'desc\' : \'Guido\', \'qty\' : 1, \'price\' : \'100,000,000.00\' },
    ],
    \'in_europe\' : True,
    \'is_paid\': False,
    \'company_name\' : \'The World Wide company\',
    \'total_price\' : \'100,000,000.00\'
}

tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(\'order.docx\')

模板文件order_tpl.docx

生成文件order.docx

嵌套for循环

from docxtpl import DocxTemplate

tpl=DocxTemplate(\'test_files/nested_for_tpl.docx\')

context = {
    \'dishes\' : [
        {\'name\' : \'Pizza\', \'ingredients\' : [\'bread\',\'tomato\', \'ham\', \'cheese\']},
        {\'name\' : \'Hamburger\', \'ingredients\' : [\'bread\',\'chopped steak\', \'cheese\', \'sauce\']},
        {\'name\' : \'Apple pie\', \'ingredients\' : [\'flour\',\'apples\', \'suggar\', \'quince jelly\']},
    ],
    \'authors\' : [
        {\'name\' : \'Saint-Exupery\', \'books\' : [
            {\'title\' : \'Le petit prince\'},
            {\'title\' : "L\'aviateur"},
            {\'title\' : \'Vol de nuit\'},
        ]},
        {\'name\' : \'Barjavel\', \'books\' : [
            {\'title\' : \'Ravage\'},
            {\'title\' : "La nuit des temps"},
            {\'title\' : \'Le grand secret\'},
        ]},
    ]
}

tpl.render(context)
tpl.save(\'nested_for.docx\')

模板文件nested_for_tpl.docx

生成文件nested_for.docx

未完待续。。。。。