URL: http://127.0.0.1:9200/likecs_art_db/_search<br>REQUEST:<pre>Array
(
    [query] => Array
        (
            [match] => Array
                (
                    [text] => Array
                        (
                            [query] => 物联网为什么需要5G？
                        )

                )

        )

    [highlight] => Array
        (
            [fields] => Array
                (
                    [text] => stdClass Object
                        (
                        )

                )

            [pre_tags] => #em#
            [post_tags] => #/em#
        )

    [size] => 8
    [from] => 0
)
</pre>RESPONSE:<pre>string(7882) "{"took":31,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":10000,"relation":"gte"},"max_score":46.83422,"hits":[{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"480825","_score":46.83422,"_source":{"id":"480825","text":"\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u89815G\uff1f","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"huaweiyun","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1636782506"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em##em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em##em#需#/em##em#要#/em##em#5G#/em#？"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203371356","_score":46.83422,"_source":{"id":"203371356","text":"\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u89815G","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1633724229"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em##em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em##em#需#/em##em#要#/em##em#5G#/em#"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203371366","_score":46.83422,"_source":{"id":"203371366","text":"\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u89815G","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        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","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1634931903"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em##em#需#/em##em#要#/em##em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em##em#网#/em#关进行#em#联#/em##em#网#/em#"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203393953","_score":31.56002,"_source":{"id":"203393953","text":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8702\u7a9d\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u9700\u8981\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0fSIM(eSIM)","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1625852129"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em#蜂窝#em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em##em#需#/em##em#要#/em#嵌入式SIM(eSIM)"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203260403","_score":31.22974,"_source":{"id":"203260403","text":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7269\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u7269\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1f","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1624726598"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#什#/em##em#么#/em#是#em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em#，变成#em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em#，#em#需#/em##em#要#/em#几个步骤？"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203521861","_score":28.394093,"_source":{"id":"203521861","text":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e16\u754c\u9700\u8981Go\u8bed\u8a00","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1639775115"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em#互#em#联#/em##em#网#/em#世界#em#需#/em##em#要#/em#Go语言"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"747854","_score":28.380564,"_source":{"id":"747854","text":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981API\u7f51\u5173\uff1f","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"panchanggui","tagsname":"","tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1636365558"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em##em#需#/em##em#要#/em#API#em#网#/em#关？"]}}]}}"
</pre>URL: http://127.0.0.1:9200/likecs_art_db/_search<br>REQUEST:<pre>Array
(
    [query] => Array
        (
            [match] => Array
                (
                    [text] => Array
                        (
                            [query] => 物联网为什么需要5G？
                        )

                )

        )

    [highlight] => Array
        (
            [fields] => Array
                (
                    [text] => stdClass Object
                        (
                        )

                )

            [pre_tags] => #em#
            [post_tags] => #/em#
        )

    [size] => 8
    [from] => 8
)
</pre>RESPONSE:<pre>string(7372) "{"took":55,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":10000,"relation":"gte"},"max_score":46.83422,"hits":[{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203509953","_score":27.494532,"_source":{"id":"203509953","text":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u6025\u9700\u63a8\u8fdb\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff1f","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"","tagsname":null,"tagsid":"","catesname":null,"catesid":"","createtime":"1617435752"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em#我们急#em#需#/em#推进#em#物#/em##em#联#/em##em#网#/em#标准化？"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"47576","_score":27.107498,"_source":{"id":"47576","text":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981Docker\uff1f","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        ","username":"Java3y","tagsname":"Java|Docker","tagsid":"[\"164\",\"243\"]","catesname":"","catesid":"[]","createtime":"1547088976"},"highlight":{"text":["#em#为#/em##em#什#/em##em#么#/em##em#需#/em##em#要#/em#Docker？"]}},{"_index":"likecs_art_db","_type":"_doc","_id":"203278166","_score":27.107498,"_source":{"id":"203278166","text":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981Kubernetes\uff1f","intro":"\u76ee\u5f55\n\nECharts\n\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\n\n\n\nECharts\r\n\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u671f\u671b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\r\nchart.setOption({\r\n    color: [\r\n        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</pre>URL: http://192.168.101.128/searchcore/index.php/cihere_cn_db/_search<br>REQUEST:<pre>Array
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                        <h1 class="page-title"><a href="/show-480825.html" title="物联网为什么需要5G？">物联网为什么需要5G？</a></h1>
            
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            <footer class="tc"> huaweiyun 
                <time class="post-date" datetime="2021-11-13">2021-11-13</time>
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<blockquote data-slate-type="pm_blockquote" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1688">
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1689"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1690"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1690:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">摘要：</strong><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1691">5G，这个词，我想每个接触ICT行业的朋友都有听过，可5G的到来，对物联网行业的帮助究竟是什么？</span></span></span></p>
</blockquote>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1692"> <span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1695">我相信，95%的ICT从业者对5G这一概念没有一个清晰的认知。</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1696"> <span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1699">这一期文章的主题主要是普及一些5G关键技术的介绍。</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1700"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading0="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1702"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1703">一、移动通信概述</span></h3>
<h3 data-id-heading1="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1706"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1707">1.移动通信发展历程</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1710"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1711">1G 模拟制式语音业务NMT TACS AMPS NAMTS</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1714"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1715">2G 数字制式 语音业务 低速数据业务10kbps～200kbps GSM CDMA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1718"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1719">3G 移动多媒体业务 2Mbps～50Mbps TD-SCDMA WCDMA CDMA2000</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1722"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1723">4G 移动宽带 100Mbps～1Gbps TD-LTE FDD LTE</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1726"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1727">5G 万物互联</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1728"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading2="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1730"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1731">2.4G和5G的“野心”</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1734"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1735"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1735:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">A.4G设计目标</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1738"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1739"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1739:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">三高</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1742"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1743">高峰值速率：下行峰值100Mbps，上行峰值50Mbps</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1746"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1747">高频谱效率：频谱效率是3G的3～5倍</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1750"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1751">高移动：支持350km/h（在某些频段甚至支持500km/h</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1754"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1755"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1755:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">两低</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1758"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1759">低时延：控制面IDLE-&gt; ACTIVE:&lt;100ms,用户面传输：&lt;10ms</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1762"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1763">低成本：SON（自组织网络），支持多频段灵活配置</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1766"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1767"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1767:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">一架构</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1770"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1771">以分组域业务为主要目标，系统在整体架构上是基于分组交换的扁平化架构</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1774"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1775"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1775:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">B.5G设计目标</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1778"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1779"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1779:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">聚焦多元化需求：eMBB+uRLLC+eMTC</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1782"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1783">用户体验速率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1786"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1787">频谱效率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1790"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1791">移动性</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1794"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1795">时延</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1798"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1799">连接数密（设备/平方公里）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1802"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1803">网络功耗效率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1806"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1807">区域流量能力</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1810"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1811">峰值速率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1812"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading3="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1814"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1815">3.实现“野心”的关键</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1818"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1819"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1819:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">频谱资源</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1822"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1823">频谱资源变化：更大带宽、更高利用率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1826"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1827">频谱资源： 4G 20MHz 5G 400MHz</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1830"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1831">传输带宽： 4G保护带宽占比约10%频谱利用率约90% 5G 保护带宽占比2%～3% 频谱利用率约98%</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1834"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1835"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1835:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">系统架构</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1838"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1839">系统架构演进：传统网络至4G</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1842"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1843">系统架构演进：5G NFV（网络设备功能虚拟化）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1846"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1847"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1847:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">关键技术</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1850"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1851">4G VS 5G</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1854"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1855">双工方式：TDD/ FDD——灵活双工、全双工</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1858"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1859">多址技术：OFDMA/SC-OFDMA——OFDMA/SC-FDMA/NOMA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1862"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1863">天线技术：传统MIMO——Massive MIMO</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1866"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1867">调制方式：64QAM——1024QAM</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1868"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading4="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1870"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1871">4.5G前景展望</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1874"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1875">使能更多新兴垂直行业应用！</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1878"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1879">案例 智能电网：监控和控制 故障自恢复 时延要求5～50ms 可靠性要求 非常高</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1882"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1883">无人机：公共安全 农林 时延要求10～30ms 可靠性要求 高</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1886"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1887">智能医疗：远程手术 时延要求10～100ms 可靠性要求 高</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1890"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1891">智能制造：机器人通信与控制 时延要求 10～100ms 可靠性要求非常高</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1894"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1895">······</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1896"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading5="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1898"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1899">二、5G网络概述</span></h3>
<h3 data-id-heading6="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1902"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1903">1.移动业务需求趋势及业务场景</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1906"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1907"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1907:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">A.5G时代面临的挑战</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1910"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1911">MBB数据流量雪崩式增长 移动互联网等新应用所带来的流量爆炸性增长 10年1000倍</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1914"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1915">联网设备数量巨大增长 具备通信能力的机器 2020年有1000亿联网设备</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1918"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1919">应用场景和需求的多样性 设备与设备之间的通信 比如车与车之间的通信 由于机器通信所带来新需求和新特性</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1922"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1923">高速率=良好的用户体验</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1926"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1927">流媒体VR视频的带宽需求</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1930"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1931">物联网通信技术——5G</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1934"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1935"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1935:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">B.不同制式所支持连接数</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1938"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1939">3G每小区支持100个连接</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1942"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1943">4G每小区支持1000个连接</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1946"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1947">5G每平方公里支持1百万个连接</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1950"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1951">有了5G，十字路口不再拥塞</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1954"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1955">自动驾驶对低时延的需求</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1958"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1959"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1959:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">C.5G的关键性能指标</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1962"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1963">时延 1毫秒 端到端时延 30～50x</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1966"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1967">吞吐量 10Gbps每个连接速率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1970"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1971">连接数 1000K每平方公里连接数</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1974"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1975"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="1975:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">D.5G法定名称“ IMT-2020 ”</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1978"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1979">ITU对IMT2020愿景的描述</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1982"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1983">eMBB（增强型MBB）10Gbit/s</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1986"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1987">mMTC（海量连接的物联网业务）1百万连接每平方公里</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1990"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1991">uRLLC (超高可靠性与超低时延业务）1ms</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1994"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1995">NGMN对5G愿景的描述</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="1998"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="1999">5G是一个端到端、全移动的、全连接的生态系统，提供全覆盖的一致性体验，提供可持续的商用模型，通过现有的和即将涌现的创新，为用户和合作伙伴创造价值</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2002"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2003">增强的宽带接入eMBB</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2006"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2007">虚拟现实VR 增强现实AR 3D全息</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2010"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2011"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2011:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">大规模的物联网（mMTC）</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2014"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2015">Huawei&amp;ofo共享单车应用案例</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2018"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2019">根据华为预计，到2017年底，全球将有30张NB-IoT商用网络</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2022"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2023">智慧城市</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2026"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2027">智慧T-mobile “智能暖气表”NB-IoT应用案例</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2030"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2031">极致的实时通信</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2034"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2035">触觉互联网</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2038"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2039">自动化交通控制和驾驶</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2042"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2043">5G关键的能力</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2046"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2047">5G=平台</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2050"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2051">5G网络新架构</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2054"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2055">超高清分片</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2058"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2059">语音分片</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2062"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2063">实时业务分片</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2066"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2067">IoT业务分片</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2070"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2071">产业需求定义分片的QoS</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2074"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2075">基站</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2078"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2079">NFV（统一控制平面）+SDN（多业务的用户平面 ）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2082"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2083">Telco-OS</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2086"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2087">开发者</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2090"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2091">消费者</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2094"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2095">合作伙伴</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2098"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2099">运营商</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2102"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2103"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2103:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">5G对未来的定义</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2106"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2107">5G=10Gbps + 1ms时延 +100万连接/每平方公里</span></p>
<h3 data-id-heading7="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2110"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2111">2.5G协议标准化及当前进展</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2114"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2115">5G从3GPP Release15开始</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2118"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2119">5G包括：新空口 LTE Advanced Pro演进</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2122"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2123">下一代核心网NextGen Core</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2126"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2127">EPC演进</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2130"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2131">研究5G的主要国际标准组织</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2134"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2135">ITU-R Visions Group</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2138"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2139">EU</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2142"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2143">Germany-5G Lab Germany at TU Dresden</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2146"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2147">UK-5G Innovation Centre(5GIC)at University of Surrey</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2150"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2151">US</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2154"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2155">Intel Strategic Research Alliance (ISRA)</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2158"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2159">China</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2162"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2163">Japan</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2166"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2167">Korea</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2170"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2171">研究5G的主要国际非标准组织</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2174"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2175">OTSA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2178"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2179">3GPP</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2180"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading8="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2182"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2183">3.5G全球商用计划</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2186"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2187">家庭宽带最后一公里接入</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2190"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2191">车联网正在成为国家的战略关注点</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2194"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2195">未来将持续探索新兴垂直行业应用</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2198"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2199">今天的长尾将是明天的主体 如AR/MR（长尾效应）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2200"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading9="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2202"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2203">三、5G网络关键技术</span></h3>
<h3 data-id-heading10="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2206"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2207">1.增强覆盖技术</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2210"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2211"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2211:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">5G网络频谱</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2214"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2215">增加带宽是增加容量和传输速率最直接的方法，5G最大带宽将会达到1GHz，考虑到目前频率占用情况，5G将不得不使用高频进行通信</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2218"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2219">a.5G主频段 以3.5GHz为主</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2222"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2223">b.5G扩展频段毫米波 以28/39/60/73GHz</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2226"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2227"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2227:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">高频通信的挑战</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2230"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2231">高频波长相比低频传播损耗更大、绕射能力更弱</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2234"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2235">频段越高，上下行覆盖差异越明显，上行覆盖受限</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2238"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2239">高频通信的解决方案-提高发射功率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2242"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2243">高频通信的解决方案-上下行解耦 NR中基站下行使用高频段进行通信，上行可以视UE覆盖情况选择与LTE共享低频资源进行通信，从而实现NR上下行频段解耦</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2246"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2247">UE基于覆盖情况选择合适的上行频点</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2250"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2251">IDLE态通过系统消息获取f1,f2相关信息，并根据实际测量进行选择</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2254"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2255">连接态通过测量报告上报，由基站通过信令指示</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2258"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2259">上下行解耦要求5G NR和LTE协同</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2262"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2263">上下行解耦站形</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2266"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2267">BBU5900</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2270"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2271">a.设备紧凑，连接简单</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2274"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2275">b.新建站点或改造eNB</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2278"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2279">c.适合有较多空闲槽位场景</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2282"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2283">槽位多，可扩展性好 需要两根光纤，成本高</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2286"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2287">a.BBU3910</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2290"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2291">b.BBU5900</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2294"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2295">槽位多，可扩展性好 增加框间基带板HEI接口，接口流量大</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2298"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2299">a.BBU3910</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2302"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2303">b.BBU5900</span></p>
<h3 data-id-heading11="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2306"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2307">2.提高效率技术</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2310"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2311"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2311:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">A.NR频谱效率提升技术</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2314"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2315">频谱效率即单位时间内每Hz中bit数的提升，5G中用的频谱效率提升方法包括：</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2318"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2319">a.新波形技术、新多址技术</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2322"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2323">NR无线新波形（华为FOFDM）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2326"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2327">Filtered-OFDM是一项基础波形技术，与OFDM最大的区别就是子载波带宽可以根据需求进行调整，以适应不同业务的需求</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2330"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2331">4G（OFDM）：子载波带宽是固定的，15kHz 固定子载波间隔 10%保护带宽</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2334"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2335">5G（F-OFDM）：子载波带宽是不固定的，可以灵活真的不同QoE应用的报文大小 灵活子载波间隔（方便空口做网络切片） 1个子载波的最小保护带宽</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2338"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2339">b.NR上行新波形（CP-OFDM）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2342"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2343">NR上行支持两种波形，CP-OFDM和DFT-S-OFDM，使用CP-OFDM时，基站可以不用为UE分配频域连续的子载波</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2346"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2347">c.NR新多址技术（华为SCMA）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2350"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2351">1G：FDMA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2354"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2355">2G：TDMA+FDMA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2358"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2359">3G：CDMA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2362"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2363">4G：OFDMA</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2366"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2367">5G：SCMA 新型多址接入技术</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2368"> </p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2370"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2371">通过使用扩频技术在4个子载波上承载6个用户的数据，提升频谱的使用效率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2372"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2373"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2373:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">B.新调制技术、新编码技术</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2376"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2377">a.新调制技术（256QAM）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2380"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2381">3GPP R12协议中新增了下行256QAM，相对于64QAM支持每符号携带8个bit位，支持更大的TBDS传输，理论峰值频谱效率提升33%。相同频谱效率下256QAM码率更低，解调可靠性更高</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2384"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2385">b.NR新编码技术（Polar+LDPC）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2388"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2389">LDPC Code（业务信道）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2392"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2393">LTE Turbo</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2396"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2397">NR LDPC</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2400"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2401">Polar Code(控制信道）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2404"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2405">Polar码高可靠的编码方式无误码平台从而减少重传，同时降低信噪比需求以提升覆盖</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2408"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2409"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2409:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">C.灵活双工与全双工</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2412"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2413">a.灵活双工技术</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2416"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2417">根据业务调整上下行子帧</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2420"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2421">相邻小区会进行干扰协调消除</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2424"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2425">b.全双工技术</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2428"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2429">目前TDD/FDD制式是分别在不同的时间/频率资源上分别进行收发</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2432"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2433">全双工将指收发双方在同一时频资源进行数传</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2436"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2437">发送端和接收端同时收发，发送端把信息传递给接收端，接收端进行相关干扰消除运算，实现同时收发</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2440"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2441"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2441:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">D.Massive MIMO</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2444"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2445">水平的4流加BF 8T8RVS 64T64R</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2448"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2449">立体16流更窄的波束+MU BF</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2452"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2453"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2453:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">E.Massive MIMO增益（上行MU-MIMO）</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2456"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2457">多用户虚拟MIMO</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2460"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2461">通过多个UE配对复用相同的上行时频资源，同时传输多流数据，从而提高小区的平均下行吞吐率</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2464"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2465"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2465:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">F.Massive MIMO增益（3D BF）</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2468"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2469">三维波束赋形简称3D BF，增强用户的覆盖</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2472"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2473">相对于传统波束只能在水平方向跟随目标UE调整方向，3D BF的窄波束在水平方向和垂直方向都能随着目标UE的位置进行调整</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2476"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2477"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2477:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">G.Massive MIMO增益（MU BF）</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2480"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2481">多用户虚拟BF</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2484"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2485">eNOdeB根据配对条件进行UE配对，实现在同一时频资源上传多个用户下行数据流，从而提高下行传输的频谱效率和提高小区吞吐量</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2488"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2489"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2489:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">H.Massive MIMO的应用场景</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2492"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2493">城区、高校流量高低（CBD等）</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2496"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2497">高楼覆盖场景</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2500"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2501">重大活动保障场景</span></p>
<h3 data-id-heading12="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2504"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2505">3.降低时延技术</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2508"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2509"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2509:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">A.NR低时延保障技术分析</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2512"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2513">a.RAN时延因素</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2516"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2517">空口传输 TTI长度决定</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2520"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2521">处理 HARQ RTT决定</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2524"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2525">重传 TDD上行配比</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2528"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2529">无线信号 上、下行覆盖差 上、下行干扰</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2532"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2533">b.方案 缩短TTI</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2536"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2537">免去授权调度、灵活双工或者全双工</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2540"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2541">用户面下沉</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2544"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2545">c.方案</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2548"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2549">优化无线覆盖</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2552"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2553"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2553:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">B.NR时隙聚合调度</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2556"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2557">Slot Aggregation：NR中调度周期可以灵活变的，且一次可以调度多个时隙，以适应不用业务需求，降低无线时延</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2560"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2561"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2561:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">C.NR免授权调度</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2564"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2565">免授权调度：由于调度存在RTT时延，NR中对于时延比较敏感的业务提出免调度的过程，终端有需求直接发送</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2568"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2569"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2569:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">D.NR侵入式空口调度（EAI）Embed Air Interface</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2572"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2573">eMBB和uRLLC业务共存时，EAI机制可以实现uRLLC业务对eMBB资源打孔，以保障uRLLC对时延的要求</span></p>
<h3 data-id-heading13="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2576"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2577">4.5G异步HARQ技术</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2580"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2581"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2581:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">HARQ：混合自动重传请求</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2584"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2585">5G上下行链路采用异步HARQ协议：重传在上一次传输之后的任何可用时间上进行，接收端需要被告知具体的进程号</span></p>
<h3 data-id-heading14="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2588"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2589">5.D2D 通信 （Device to Device）</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2592"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2593">D2D通信，基站分配频谱用于终端与终端直接互联进行用户面数据传输，D2D关键技术包括：</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2596"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2597">a.频谱分配模式</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2600"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2601">使用蜂窝小区的剩余资源</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2604"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2605">复用蜂窝小区下行资源</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2608"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2609">复用蜂窝小区上行资源</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2612"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2613">b.干扰控制</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2616"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2617">适当的功率控制，能够在D2D复用蜂窝资源时，有效地协调D2D与蜂窝网络间的干扰</span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2618"> </p>
<h3 data-id-heading15="" data-slate-type="pm_heading" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2620"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2621">总结</span></h3>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2624"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2625"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2625:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">提升覆盖技术：提高UE发射功率、上下行解耦</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2626"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2629"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2629:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">提升效率技术：新波形、新多址、新调制、新编码、新双工、CRS FREE、Massive MIMO</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2630"><span data-slate-object="text" data-key="2633"><span data-slate-leaf="true" data-offset-key="2633:0" data-first-offset="true"><strong data-slate-type="pm_bold" data-slate-object="mark">降低时延技术：时隙聚合调度、免调度、侵入式空口调度、异步HARQ、D2D技术</strong></span></span></p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2634"> </p>
<p data-slate-type="pm_paragraph" data-slate-object="block" data-key="2636"><strong><a href="https://bbs.huaweicloud.com/blogs?utm_source=cnblog&amp;utm_medium=bbs-ex&amp;utm_campaign=other&amp;utm_content=content" data-slate-type="pm_link" data-slate-object="inline" data-key="2637" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">点击关注，第一时间了解华为云新鲜技术~</a></strong></p>
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