Matplotlib画正弦余弦曲线

 

参考1：http://www.labri.fr/perso/nrougier/teaching/matplotlib/

参考2：https://matplotlib.org/api/artist_api.html

 

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256,endpoint=True)
y_sin = np.sin(x)
y_cos = np.cos(x)

plt.figure(figsize=(10,5))
plt.xlabel(\'Time(s)\')
plt.ylabel(\'Value\')
plt.title(\'Sin and Cos\')
plt.plot(x, y_sin, label="$sin(x)$", color="blue")
plt.plot(x, y_cos, label="$cos(x)$", color="red")
plt.xlim(-4,4)
plt.xticks(np.linspace(-4,4,9,endpoint=True))
# plt.ylim(-1.2,1.2)
# plt.yticks(np.linspace(-1,1,9,endpoint=True))
plt.grid(True, which=\'major\', c=\'gray\', ls=\'-\', lw=1, alpha=0.2)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

 

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256,endpoint=True)
y_sin = np.sin(x)
y_cos = np.cos(x)

plt.figure(figsize=(10,5))

# 移动边界线，构建坐标系，原点为0
ax = plt.gca()  #获取当前轴线实例
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position(\'bottom\')  #x轴线，使用spine中的bottom线
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position(\'left\')  #y轴线，使用spine中的left线
ax.spines[\'bottom\'].set_position((\'data\',0))  #将bottom线的位置设置为数据为0的位置
ax.spines[\'left\'].set_position((\'data\',0))  #将left线的位置设置为数据为0的位置
ax.spines[\'top\'].set_color(\'none\')  #将top线的颜色设置为无
ax.spines[\'right\'].set_color(\'none\')  #将right线的颜色设置为无

# plt.xlabel(\'Time(s)\')
# plt.ylabel(\'Value\')
plt.title(\'Sin and Cos\')
plt.plot(x, y_sin, label="$sin(x)$", color="blue")
plt.plot(x, y_cos, label="$cos(x)$", color="red")
plt.xlim(-4,4)  # 设置x轴的范围
# plt.xticks(np.linspace(-4,4,9,endpoint=True))
# 设置x轴的标尺刻度，从-pi到pi，取5个值
plt.xticks([-np.pi,-np.pi/2,0,np.pi/2,np.pi],[r\'$-\pi$\',r\'$-\pi/2$\',r\'$0$\',r\'$\pi/2$\',r\'$\pi$\'])
# plt.ylim(-1.2,1.2)
# plt.yticks(np.linspace(-1,1,5,endpoint=True))
plt.grid(True, which=\'major\', c=\'gray\', ls=\'-\', lw=1, alpha=0.2)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

 

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256,endpoint=True)
y_sin = np.sin(x)
y_cos = np.cos(x)

plt.figure(figsize=(10,5),dpi=80)

# 移动边界线，构建坐标系，原点为0
ax = plt.gca()  #获取当前轴线实例
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position(\'bottom\')  #x轴线，使用spine中的bottom线
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position(\'left\')  #y轴线，使用spine中的left线
ax.spines[\'bottom\'].set_position((\'data\',0))  #将bottom线的位置设置为数据为0的位置
ax.spines[\'left\'].set_position((\'data\',0))  #将left线的位置设置为数据为0的位置
ax.spines[\'top\'].set_color(\'none\')  #将top线的颜色设置为无
ax.spines[\'right\'].set_color(\'none\')  #将right线的颜色设置为无

# plt.xlabel(\'Time(s)\')
# plt.ylabel(\'Value\')
plt.title(\'Sin and Cos\')
plt.plot(x, y_sin, label="$sin(x)$", color="blue", linestyle="-")
plt.plot(x, y_cos, label="$cos(x)$", color="red", linestyle="-")
plt.xlim(-4,4)  # 设置x轴的范围
# plt.xticks(np.linspace(-4,4,9,endpoint=True))
# 设置x轴的标尺刻度，从-pi到pi，取5个值
plt.xticks([-np.pi,-np.pi/2,0,np.pi/2,np.pi],[r\'$-\pi$\',r\'$-\pi/2$\',r\'$0$\',r\'$\pi/2$\',r\'$\pi$\'])
plt.ylim(-1.2,1.2)
plt.yticks(np.linspace(-1,1,5,endpoint=True))

t = 2*np.pi/3
plt.plot([t,t],[0,np.cos(t)], color =\'red\', linewidth=1.5, linestyle="--")
plt.scatter([t,],[np.cos(t),], 50, color =\'red\')
plt.annotate(r\'$\sin(\frac{2\pi}{3})=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$\',
             xy=(t, np.sin(t)), xycoords=\'data\',
             xytext=(+10, +30), textcoords=\'offset points\', fontsize=16,
             arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", connectionstyle="arc3,rad=.2"))

plt.plot([t,t],[0,np.sin(t)], color =\'blue\', linewidth=1.5, linestyle="--")
plt.scatter([t,],[np.sin(t),], 50, color =\'blue\')
plt.annotate(r\'$\cos(\frac{2\pi}{3})=-\frac{1}{2}$\',
             xy=(t, np.cos(t)), xycoords=\'data\',
             xytext=(-90, -50), textcoords=\'offset points\', fontsize=16,
             arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", connectionstyle="arc3,rad=.2"))

# plt.grid(True, which=\'major\', c=\'gray\', ls=\'-\', lw=1, alpha=0.2)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256,endpoint=True)
y_sin = np.sin(x)
y_cos = np.cos(x)

plt.figure(figsize=(10,5),dpi=80)

# 移动边界线，构建坐标系，原点为0
ax = plt.gca()  #获取当前轴线实例
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position(\'bottom\')  #x轴线，使用spine中的bottom线
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position(\'left\')  #y轴线，使用spine中的left线
ax.spines[\'bottom\'].set_position((\'data\',0))  #将bottom线的位置设置为数据为0的位置
ax.spines[\'left\'].set_position((\'data\',0))  #将left线的位置设置为数据为0的位置
ax.spines[\'top\'].set_color(\'none\')  #将top线的颜色设置为无
ax.spines[\'right\'].set_color(\'none\')  #将right线的颜色设置为无

# plt.xlabel(\'Time(s)\')
# plt.ylabel(\'Value\')
plt.title(\'Sine and Cosine\')
# zorder 控制划线顺序：数值越小越先画
plt.plot(x, y_sin, label="$sin(x)$", color="blue", linewidth=2.5, linestyle="-", zorder=-2)
plt.plot(x, y_cos, label="$cos(x)$", color="red", linewidth=2.5, linestyle="-", zorder=-1)
plt.xlim(-4,4)  # 设置x轴的范围
# plt.xticks(np.linspace(-4,4,9,endpoint=True))
# 设置x轴的标尺刻度，从-pi到pi，取5个值
plt.xticks([-np.pi,-np.pi/2,0,np.pi/2,np.pi],[r\'$-\pi$\',r\'$-\pi/2$\',r\'$0$\',r\'$\pi/2$\',r\'$\pi$\'])
plt.ylim(-1.2,1.2)
plt.yticks(np.linspace(-1,1,5,endpoint=True))

t = 2*np.pi/3
plt.plot([t,t],[0,np.cos(t)], color =\'red\', linewidth=1.5, linestyle="--")
plt.scatter([t,],[np.cos(t),], 50, color =\'red\')
plt.annotate(r\'$\sin(\frac{2\pi}{3})=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$\',
             xy=(t, np.sin(t)), xycoords=\'data\',
             xytext=(+10, +30), textcoords=\'offset points\', fontsize=16,
             arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", connectionstyle="arc3,rad=.2"))

plt.plot([t,t],[0,np.sin(t)], color =\'blue\', linewidth=1.5, linestyle="--")
plt.scatter([t,],[np.sin(t),], 50, color =\'blue\')
plt.annotate(r\'$\cos(\frac{2\pi}{3})=-\frac{1}{2}$\',
             xy=(t, np.cos(t)), xycoords=\'data\',
             xytext=(-90, -50), textcoords=\'offset points\', fontsize=16,
             arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", connectionstyle="arc3,rad=.2"))

# 对坐标轴上的标度单独做标注
for label in ax.get_xticklabels() + ax.get_yticklabels():
    label.set_fontsize(14)
    label.set_bbox(dict(facecolor=\'white\', edgecolor=\'None\', alpha=0.65 ))

# plt.grid(True, which=\'major\', c=\'gray\', ls=\'-\', lw=1, alpha=0.2)
plt.legend()
plt.show()