Django+Bootstrap+Mysql 搭建个人博客（一）

1.1.环境搭建

（1）虚拟环境

mkvirtualenv website

pip install django==1.11.7

（2）创建项目和app：website和blog

（3）设置中文settings.py

LANGUAGE_CODE = \'zh-hans\'

TIME_ZONE = \'Asia/Shanghai\'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False

运行项目：http://127.0.0.1:8000/

1.2.模型设计

（1）blog/models.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User


class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(\'分类\',max_length=128)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = \'博客分类\'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Tag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(\'标签\', max_length=128)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = \'博客标签\'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Entry(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(\'文章标题\',max_length=128)
    author = models.ForeignKey(User,verbose_name=\'作者\',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    img = models.ImageField(upload_to=\'blog_img\',null=True,blank=True,verbose_name=\'博客配图\')
    body = models.TextField(\'正文\',)
    abstract = models.TextField(\'摘要\',max_length=256,null=True,blank=True)
    visiting = models.PositiveIntegerField(\'访问量\',default=0)
    category = models.ManyToManyField(\'Category\',verbose_name=\'博客分类\')
    tags = models.ManyToManyField(\'Tag\',verbose_name=\'标签\')
    created_time = models.DateTimeField(\'创建时间\',auto_now_add=True)
    modifyed_time = models.DateTimeField(\'修改时间\',auto_now=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        ordering = [\'-created_time\']
        verbose_name = \'博客正文\'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

（2）blog/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from . import models

class EntryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [\'title\',\'author\',\'visiting\',\'created_time\',\'modifyed_time\']


admin.site.register(models.Category)
admin.site.register(models.Tag)
admin.site.register(models.Entry,EntryAdmin)

（3）设置为MySql

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

DATABASES = {
    \'default\': {
        \'ENGINE\': \'django.db.backends.mysql\',
        \'NAME\': \'my_blog\',        #数据库名字
        \'USER\': \'root\',          #账号
        \'PASSWORD\': \'123456\',      #密码
        \'HOST\': \'127.0.0.1\',    #IP
        \'PORT\': \'3306\',                   #端口
    }
}

（4）安装模块

pip install pymysql pillow

（5）创建超级用户

python manage.py createsuperuser

进后台添加标签和分类

1.3.url及视图设计

（1）website/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^blog/\',include(\'blog.urls\') ),
]

（2）blog/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views

app_name = \'blog\'

urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^$\', views.index,name=\'blog_index\'),
    url(r\'^(?P<blog_id>[0-9]+)\', views.detail,name=\'blog_detail\'),
]

（3）blog/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

def index(request):

    return render(request,\'blog/index.html\',locals())


def detail(request,blog_id):

    return render(request,\'blog/detail.html\',locals())

（4）blog/templates/blog/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>博客首页</h1>
</body>
</html>

（5）blog/templates/blog/detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>博客详情页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>博客{{ blog_id }}的详情</h1>

</body>
</html>

1.4.前端页面设计

（1）Bootstrap

下载bootstrap,把文件放到static目录

settings设置

STATIC_URL = \'/static/\'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,\'static\'),
]

（2）blog/base.html

Bootstrap优站精选

{% load staticfiles %}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>

    <link href="{% static \'bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css\' %}" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="{% static \'blog/css/blog_nav.css\' %}" rel="stylesheet">
    {% block css %}{% endblock %}

</head>
<body>

<nav class="navbar navbar-fixed-top">
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
    <div class="navbar-header">
      <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#my-nav" aria-expanded="false">
        <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
      </button>
      <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Zhang_derek</a>
    </div>

    <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="my-nav">
      <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
        <li class="active"><a href="/blog/">博客</a></li>
        <li ><a href="#">学习资源</a></li>
        <li ><a href="#">联系我</a></li>
      </ul>

      <form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
        <div class="form-group">
          <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜索</button>
      </form>

      <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
        <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
      </ul>

    </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
  </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>

{% block content %}{% endblock %}

 <footer>
    <div class="footer" role="navigation">
        <div class="container">
            <div class="navbar-text">
                <ul class="footer-text">
                    <li><a href="#">主页</a></li>
                               <li><a href="#">联系我们</a></li>
                               <li><a href="#">关于博主</a></li>
                               <li><a href="#">文档支持</a></li>
                               <li><a href="/blog/">博客首页</a></li>
                </ul>
                <p>Copyright © 2018 Zhang_derek </p>

            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</footer>


<script src="{% static \'jquery-3.2.1.min.js\' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static \'bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js\' %}"></script>

{% block script %}{% endblock %}

</body>
</html>

（3）blog/static/blog/css/blog_nav.css

body {
    margin-top: 30px;
    font-weight: 400;
    /* Required padding for .navbar-fixed-top. Change if height of navigation changes. */
    padding-top: 70px;
}

/* Navbar and footer (global) styling */
.navbar-fixed-top .nav {
    padding: 15px 0;
}

.navbar {
    color: black;
    border-width: thin;
    -webkit-transition: .2s;
    background-color: white;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    background-color: white;
}

.navbar a {
    color: black;
}

.navbar-fixed-top .navbar-brand {
    padding: 0 15px;
}

.navbar-header .icon-bar {
    background-color: black;
}

.navbar-nav > li > .navbar-active {
    color: #E46E2E;
}

.navbar-scroll {
  background-color: white;
    animation-duration: 2s;
    animation-name: smooth;
    -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #999;
}

.jupytercon-nav > li > .black-tab {
    color: black;
}

.navbar-logo {
    height: 45px;
}

.nav > li > a {
    font-size: 20px;
    padding: 12px 16px 10px;
}

.nav > li > a:hover {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: #E46E2E;
    -webkit-transition: .2s;
}

.nav > li > a:focus {
    background-color: white;
}

.nav > li > a:active {
    background-color: #F8F8F8;
}

.nav > li > a:visited {
    background-color: #F8F8F8;
}

.tab:hover {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: #E46E2E;
}

.footer {
    background-color: #979797;
}

.footer p {
    color: white;
    padding-top: 10px;
}

.footer li {
    color: white;
    display: inline-block;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.footer a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.footer li::after {
    content:" |";
}

.footer li:last-of-type::after {
    content:"";
}

.footer-text {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-left: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
}

.navbar-brand {
    float: left;
    height: 50px;
    padding: 15px 15px;
    font-size: 20px;
    line-height: 20px;
    margin-top: 27px;
}

nav .navbar-form{
    padding: 10px;
}

（4）blog/index.html

{% extends \'blog/base.html\' %}

{% block title %}博客首页{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

    博客首页
    <div style="height: 440px; " ></div>

{% endblock %}

效果：

此时目录结构：