Python中默认安装的ftplib模块定义了FTP类，可用来实现简单的ftp客户端，用于上传或下载文件。
ftplib模块常用方法
ftp登陆连接 from ftplib import FTP #加载ftp模块 ftp=FTP() #设置变量 ftp.set_debuglevel(2) #打开调试级别2，显示详细信息 ftp.connect("IP","port") #连接的ftp sever和端口 ftp.login("user","password") #连接的用户名，密码 print ftp.getwelcome() #打印出欢迎信息 ftp.cmd("xxx/xxx") #进入远程目录 bufsize=1024 #设置的缓冲区大小 filename="filename.txt" #需要下载的文件 file_handle=open(filename,"wb").write #以写模式在本地打开文件 ftp.retrbinaly("RETR filename.txt",file_handle,bufsize) #接收服务器上文件并写入本地文件 ftp.set_debuglevel(0) #关闭调试模式 ftp.quit() #退出ftp ftp相关命令操作 ftp.cwd(pathname) #设置FTP当前操作的路径 ftp.dir() #显示目录下所有目录信息 ftp.nlst() #获取目录下的文件 ftp.mkd(pathname) #新建远程目录 ftp.pwd() #返回当前所在位置 ftp.rmd(dirname) #删除远程目录 ftp.delete(filename) #删除远程文件 ftp.rename(fromname, toname)#将fromname修改名称为toname。 ftp.storbinaly("STOR filename.txt",file_handel,bufsize) #上传目标文件 ftp.retrbinary("RETR filename.txt",file_handel,bufsize) #下载FTP文件
FTP.quit()与FTP.close()的区别
- FTP.quit():发送QUIT命令给服务器并关闭掉连接。这是一个比较“缓和”的关闭连接方式，但是如果服务器对QUIT命令返回错误时，会抛出异常。
- FTP.close()：单方面的关闭掉连接，不应该用在已经关闭的连接之后，例如不应用在FTP.quit()之后。
下载、上传文件
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2018/8/6 17:17
# @File : ftpclient.py
# @Software: PyCharm
# FTP操作
from ftplib import FTP # 加载ftp模块
from ftplib import error_perm
from utils import file_util
import os
import time
import socket
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
host = \'127.0.0.1\'
username = \'egon\'
password = \'123456\'
file = \'1.txt\'
port = 2111
def ftpconnect(host, port, username, password):
ftp = FTP()
# ftp.set_debuglevel(2) #打开调试级别2，显示详细信息
ftp.encoding = \'utf-8\' # 解决中文编码问题，默认是latin-1
try:
ftp.connect(host, port) # 连接
ftp.login(username, password) # 登录，如果匿名登录则用空串代替即可
print(ftp.getwelcome()) # 打印欢迎信息
except(socket.error, socket.gaierror): # ftp 连接错误
print("ERROR: cannot connect [{}:{}]" .format(host, port))
return None
except error_perm: # 用户登录认证错误
print("ERROR: user Authentication failed ")
return None
return ftp
def is_ftp_file(ftp_conn, ftp_path):
try:
if ftp_path in ftp_conn.nlst(os.path.dirname(ftp_path)):
return True
else:
return False
except error_perm:
return False
def downloadfile(ftp, remotepath, localpath):
"""
下载文件
:param ftp:
:param remotepath:
:param localpath:
:return:
"""
bufsize = 1024 # 设置缓冲块大小
fp = open(localpath, \'wb\') # 以写模式在本地打开文件
res = ftp.retrbinary(
\'RETR \' + remotepath,
fp.write,
bufsize) # 接收服务器上文件并写入本地文件
if res.find(\'226\') != -1:
print(\'download file complete\', localpath)
ftp.set_debuglevel(0) # 关闭调试
fp.close() # 关闭文件
def uploadfile(ftp, remotepath, localpath):
"""
上传文件
:param ftp:
:param remotepath:
:param localpath:
:return:
"""
bufsize = 1024
fp = open(localpath, \'rb\')
res = ftp.storbinary(\'STOR \' + remotepath, fp, bufsize) # 上传文件
if res.find(\'226\') != -1:
print(\'upload file complete\', remotepath)
ftp.set_debuglevel(0)
fp.close()
def ftp_theadpool(func, ftp, file_list):
"""
通过线程池调用上传文件列表
:param func:
:param file_list:
:return:
"""
pool = ThreadPoolExecutor(6)
for remotepath, localpath in file_list:
pool.submit(func, ftp, remotepath, localpath)
pool.shutdown()
if __name__ == "__main__":
ftp = ftpconnect(host, port, username, password)
file_list = ftp.nlst()
print(file_list)
# 将传输模式改为二进制模式 ,避免提示 ftplib.error_perm: 550 SIZE not allowed in ASCII
# mode错误
ftp.voidcmd(\'TYPE I\')
file_size = ftp.size("sqldeveloper-3.1.07.42.zip") # 文件大小
print(\'filesize [{}]\'.format(file_util.bytes2human(file_size)))
start = time.time()
downloadfile(ftp, "sqldeveloper-3.1.07.42.zip", "e:/x.zip")
end = time.time()
print(\'consume time [{}]\'.format(end - start))
if \'20180910\' not in file_list: # 创建目录
res = ftp.mkd(\'20180910\')
print(\'mk \', res)
ftp.cwd(\'20180910\') # 进入到新目录
print("FTP当前路径:", ftp.pwd())
print("文件信息:", ftp.nlst())
uploadfile(ftp, "testup.zip", "e:/x.zip") # 上传文件
# ftp.cwd(\'20180910\')
# pwd_path = ftp.pwd()
# print("FTP当前路径:", pwd_path)
# print("文件信息:", ftp.nlst())
ftp.quit()
带进度条下载文件
from ftplib import FTP from ftplib import error_perm import os import socket import os import time from utils import my_logset from utils.time_utils import run_time import sys import math from utils import file_util """ ftp操作上传和下载 """ class FTP_OPS(object): """ ftp文件操作 """ def __init__(self, log_file, ftp_ip, ftp_port, ftp_user, ftp_pwd): self.db_log = my_logset.get_mylogger("ftp", log_file) self.ftp_ip = ftp_ip self.ftp_port = ftp_port self.ftp_user = ftp_user self.ftp_pwd = ftp_pwd def ftp_connect(self): """ 连接ftp :return: """ socket.setdefaulttimeout(160) # 超时FTP时间设置为60秒 ftp = FTP() ftp.connect(host=self.ftp_ip, port=self.ftp_port) ftp.set_debuglevel(2) # 开启调试模式 ftp.encoding = \'utf-8\' try: ftp.login(self.ftp_user, self.ftp_pwd) self.db_log.info( \'[{}]login ftp {}\'.format( self.ftp_user, ftp.getwelcome())) # 打印欢迎信息 except(socket.error, socket.gaierror): # ftp 连接错误 self.db_log.warn( "ERROR: cannot connect [{}:{}]".format( self.ftp_ip, self.ftp_port)) return None except error_perm: # 用户登录认证错误 self.db_log.warn("ERROR: user Authentication failed ") return None except Exception as e: print(e) return None return ftp @run_time def upload_file(self, ftp: FTP, remotepath: str, localpath: str, file: str): """ # 从本地上传文件到ftp :param ftp: ftp对象 :param remotepath: ftp远程路径 :param localpath: 本地 :return: """ flag = False buffer_size = 10240 # 默认是8192 print(ftp.getwelcome()) # 显示登录ftp信息 fp = open(os.path.join(localpath, file), \'rb\') try: ftp.cwd(remotepath) # 进入远程目录 self.db_log.info( "found folder [{}] in ftp server, upload processing.".format(remotepath)) print(\'进入目录\', ftp.pwd()) # 将传输模式改为二进制模式 ,避免提示 ftplib.error_perm: 550 SIZE not allowed in # ASCII ftp.voidcmd(\'TYPE I\') ftp.storbinary(\'STOR \' + file, fp, buffer_size) ftp.set_debuglevel(0) self.db_log.info("上传文件 [{}] 成功".format(file)) flag = True except error_perm as e: self.db_log.warn(\'文件[{}]传输有误,{}\'.format(file, str(e))) except TimeoutError: self.db_log.warn(\'文件[{}]传输超时\'.format(file)) pass except Exception as e: self.db_log.warn(\'文件[{}]传输异常\'.format(file, str(e))) pass finally: fp.close() return {\'file_name\': file, \'flag\': flag} def download_file(self, ftp_file_path, dst_file_path): """ 从ftp下载文件到本地 :param ftp_file_path: ftp下载文件 :param dst_file_path: 本地存放 :return: """ buffer_size = 10240 # 默认是8192 ftp = self.ftp_connect() print(ftp.getwelcome()) # 显示登录ftp信息 # 将传输模式改为二进制模式 ,避免提示 ftplib.error_perm: 550 SIZE not allowed in ASCII ftp.voidcmd(\'TYPE I\') remote_file_size = ftp.size(ftp_file_path) # 文件总大小 print(\'remote filesize [{}]\'.format(remote_file_size)) cmpsize = 0 # 下载文件初始大小 lsize = 0 # check local file isn\'t exists and get the local file size if os.path.exists(dst_file_path): lsize = os.stat(dst_file_path).st_size if lsize >= remote_file_size: print(\'local file is bigger or equal remote file\') return start = time.time() conn = ftp.transfercmd(\'RETR {0}\'.format(ftp_file_path), lsize) f = open(dst_file_path, "ab") while True: data = conn.recv(buffer_size) if not data: break f.write(data) cmpsize += len(data) self.progressbar(cmpsize, remote_file_size) # print( # \'\b\'*30, \'download process:%.2f%%\' % # (float(cmpsize) / remote_file_size * 100)) # ftp.retrbinary( # \'RETR {0}\'.format(ftp_file_path), # f.write, # buffer_size) f.close() try: ftp.voidcmd(\'NOOP\') print(\'keep alive cmd success\') ftp.voidresp() print(\'No loop cmd\') conn.close() ftp.quit() except Exception as e: pass finally: end = time.time() print(\'consume time [{}]\'.format(end - start)) file_size = os.stat(dst_file_path).st_size print(\'local filesize [{}] md5:[{}]\'.format( file_size, file_util.get_md5(dst_file_path))) def progressbar(cur, total): """ 进度条显示 cur表示当前的数值，total表示总的数值。 :param cur: :param total: :return: """ percent = \'{:.2%}\'.format(cur / total) sys.stdout.write(\'\r\') sys.stdout.write(\'[%-50s] %s\' % (\'=\' * int(math.floor(cur * 50 / total)), percent)) sys.stdout.flush() if cur == total: sys.stdout.write(\'\n\') if __name__ == \'__main__\': host = "10.0.0.1" username = "test" password = "test" port = "21" ftp_file_path = "/data/an/1.zip" dst_file_path = "/data/tmp/1.zip" ftp = FTP_OPS(host=host, username=username, password=password, port=port) ftp.download_file(ftp_file_path=ftp_file_path, dst_file_path=dst_file_path)