堡垒机前戏
开发堡垒机之前,先来学习Python的paramiko模块,该模块机遇SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作
SFTPClient
用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载
基于用户名密码上传下载
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import paramiko
transport = paramiko.Transport((\'hostname\',22))
transport.connect(username=\'wupeiqi\',password=\'123\')
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.pysftp.put(\'/tmp/location.py\', \'/tmp/test.py\')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_pathsftp.get(\'remove_path\', \'local_path\')
transport.close() |
基于公钥密钥上传下载
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import paramiko
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(\'/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa\')
transport = paramiko.Transport((\'hostname\', 22))
transport.connect(username=\'wupeiqi\', pkey=private_key )
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.pysftp.put(\'/tmp/location.py\', \'/tmp/test.py\')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_pathsftp.get(\'remove_path\', \'local_path\')
transport.close() |
堡垒机的实现
实现思路:
堡垒机执行流程:
- 管理员为用户在服务器上创建账号(将公钥放置服务器,或者使用用户名密码)
- 用户登陆堡垒机,输入堡垒机用户名密码,现实当前用户管理的服务器列表
- 用户选择服务器,并自动登陆
- 执行操作并同时将用户操作记录
注:配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本,如:/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py
实现过程
步骤一,实现用户登陆
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import getpass
user = raw_input(\'username:\')
pwd = getpass.getpass(\'password\')
if user == \'alex\' and pwd == \'123\':
print \'登陆成功\'
else:
print \'登陆失败\'
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步骤二,根据用户获取相关服务器列表
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dic = {
\'alex\': [
\'172.16.103.189\',
\'c10.puppet.com\',
\'c11.puppet.com\',
],
\'eric\': [
\'c100.puppet.com\',
]
}host_list = dic[\'alex\']
print \'please select:\'
for index, item in enumerate(host_list, 1):
print index, item
inp = raw_input(\'your select (No):\')
inp = int(inp)
hostname = host_list[inp-1]
port = 22
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步骤三,根据用户名、私钥登陆服务器
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tran = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port,))
tran.start_client()default_path = os.path.join(os.environ[\'HOME\'], \'.ssh\', \'id_rsa\')
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(default_path)
tran.auth_publickey(\'wupeiqi\', key)
# 打开一个通道chan = tran.open_session()
# 获取一个终端chan.get_pty()# 激活器chan.invoke_shell()########## 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作,# 用户在终端输入内容# 堡垒机读取用户输入# 将用户输入内容发送到远程服务器并获取结果#########chan.close()tran.close() |
while True:
# 监视用户输入和服务器返回数据
# sys.stdin 处理用户输入
# chan 是之前创建的通道,用于接收服务器返回信息
readable, writeable, error = select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ],[],[],1)
if chan in readable:
try:
x = chan.recv(1024)
if len(x) == 0:
print \'\r\n*** EOF\r\n\',
break
sys.stdout.write(x)
sys.stdout.flush()
except socket.timeout:
pass
if sys.stdin in readable:
inp = sys.stdin.readline()
chan.sendall(inp)
# 获取原tty属性
oldtty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
try:
# 为tty设置新属性
# 默认当前tty设备属性:
# 输入一行回车,执行
# CTRL+C 进程退出,遇到特殊字符,特殊处理。
# 这是为原始模式,不认识所有特殊符号
# 放置特殊字符应用在当前终端,如此设置,将所有的用户输入均发送到远程服务器
tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
chan.settimeout(0.0)
while True:
# 监视 用户输入 和 远程服务器返回数据(socket)
# 阻塞,直到句柄可读
r, w, e = select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [], 1)
if chan in r:
try:
x = chan.recv(1024)
if len(x) == 0:
print \'\r\n*** EOF\r\n\',
break
sys.stdout.write(x)
sys.stdout.flush()
except socket.timeout:
pass
if sys.stdin in r:
x = sys.stdin.read(1)
if len(x) == 0:
break
chan.send(x)
finally:
# 重新设置终端属性
termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
def windows_shell(chan):
import threading
sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.\r\n\r\n")
def writeall(sock):
while True:
data = sock.recv(256)
if not data:
sys.stdout.write(\'\r\n*** EOF ***\r\n\r\n\')
sys.stdout.flush()
break
sys.stdout.write(data)
sys.stdout.flush()
writer = threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,))
writer.start()
try:
while True:
d = sys.stdin.read(1)
if not d:
break
chan.send(d)
except EOFError:
# user hit ^Z or F6
pass
注:密码验证 t.auth_password(username, pw)
详见:paramiko源码demo
数据库操作
Python 操作 Mysql 模块的安装
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linux: yum install MySQL-python
window: http://files.cnblogs.com/files/wupeiqi/py-mysql-win.zip
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SQL基本使用
1、数据库操作
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show databases;use [databasename];create database [name]; |
2、数据表操作
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show tables;create table students (
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
name char(8) not null,
sex char(4) not null,
age tinyint unsigned not null,
tel char(13) null default "-"
);
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CREATE TABLE `wb_blog` (
`id` smallint(8) unsigned NOT NULL,
`catid` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT \'0\',
`title` varchar(80) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'\',
`content` text NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `catename` (`catid`)
) ;
3、数据操作
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insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values(\'alex\',\'man\',18,\'151515151\')
delete from students where id =2;
update students set name = \'sb\' where id =1;
select * from students
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4、其他
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主键外键左右连接 |
Python MySQL API
一、插入数据
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import MySQLdb
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=\'127.0.0.1\',user=\'root\',passwd=\'1234\',db=\'mydb\')
cur = conn.cursor()
reCount = cur.execute(\'insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)\',(\'alex\',\'usa\'))
conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close()print reCount
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import MySQLdb
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=\'127.0.0.1\',user=\'root\',passwd=\'1234\',db=\'mydb\')
cur = conn.cursor()
li =[
(\'alex\',\'usa\'),
(\'sb\',\'usa\'),
]
reCount = cur.executemany(\'insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)\',li)
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print reCount
注意:cur.lastrowid
二、删除数据
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import MySQLdb
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=\'127.0.0.1\',user=\'root\',passwd=\'1234\',db=\'mydb\')
cur = conn.cursor()
reCount = cur.execute(\'delete from UserInfo\')
conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close()print reCount
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三、修改数据
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import MySQLdb
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=\'127.0.0.1\',user=\'root\',passwd=\'1234\',db=\'mydb\')
cur = conn.cursor()
reCount = cur.execute(\'update UserInfo set Name = %s\',(\'alin\',))
conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close()print reCount
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四、查数据
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# ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num) ##############################import MySQLdb
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=\'127.0.0.1\',user=\'root\',passwd=\'1234\',db=\'mydb\')
cur = conn.cursor()
reCount = cur.execute(\'select * from UserInfo\')
print cur.fetchone()
print cur.fetchone()
cur.scroll(-1,mode=\'relative\')
print cur.fetchone()
print cur.fetchone()
cur.scroll(0,mode=\'absolute\')
print cur.fetchone()
print cur.fetchone()
cur.close()conn.close()print reCount
# ############################## fetchall ##############################import MySQLdb
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=\'127.0.0.1\',user=\'root\',passwd=\'1234\',db=\'mydb\')
#cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)cur = conn.cursor()
reCount = cur.execute(\'select Name,Address from UserInfo\')
nRet = cur.fetchall()
cur.close()conn.close()print reCount
print nRet
for i in nRet:
print i[0],i[1]
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