关于django的url的namespace和view写法

命名空间模式

　　即使不同的APP使用相同的URL名称，URL的命名空间模式也可以让你唯一反转命名的URL。

　　举个例子：

　　项目的urls.py写法：

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^app01/\', include(\'app01.urls\')),
    url(r\'^app02/\', include(\'app02.urls\')),

]

　　app01下的urls.py写法

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    # url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^index/\', views.index,name=\'index\'),

]

　　app02下的urls.py的写法

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views
# app_name = \'app02\'
urlpatterns = [
    # url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^index/\', views.index,name=\'index\'),
]

　　app01下的views.py的写法

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.

def index(request):
    print(reverse(\'index\'))
    return HttpResponse(\'ok\')

　　app02下的views.py的写法

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def index(request):

    print(reverse(\'index\'))
    return HttpResponse(\'ok2\')

　　你会发现，不管你是访问app01下的index还是app02下的index，打印的结果都是/app02/index/，也就是打印的是最后一个index别名对应的url路径。所以别名冲突了的话就需要我们的命名空间来保证别名对应的url的唯一性了。

　　project中的urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^app01/\', include(\'app01.urls\', namespace=\'app01\')),
    url(r\'^app02/\', include(\'app02.urls\', namespace=\'app02\')),
]

 

　　app01中的urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views
 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^(?P<pk>\d+)/$\', views.detail, name=\'detail\')
]

 

　　app02中的urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app02 import views
 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^(?P<pk>\d+)/$\', views.detail, name=\'detail\')
]

 

　　现在，我的两个app中 url名称重复了，我反转URL的时候就可以通过命名空间的名称得到我当前的URL。

　　语法：

　　\'命名空间名称:URL名称\'

　　模板中使用：

{% url \'app01:detail\' pk=12 pp=99 %}

　　views中的函数中使用

v = reverse(\'app01:detail\', kwargs={\'pk\':11})

 　　这样即使app中URL的命名相同，我也可以反转得到正确的URL了。

 

第二种写法：就是在每个app下的urls.py文件中指定app名称，同样是命名空间。

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    # url(r\'^app01/\', include(\'app01.urls\',namespace=\'app01\')),
    url(r\'^app01/\', include(\'app01.urls\')),
    # url(r\'^app02/\', include(\'app02.urls\',namespace=\'app02\')),
    url(r\'^app02/\', include(\'app02.urls\')),

]

 

app01下的urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
app_name = \'app01\'
urlpatterns = [
    # url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^index/\', views.index,name=\'index\'),

]

 

app02下的urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views
app_name = \'app02\'
urlpatterns = [
    # url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^index/\', views.index,name=\'index\'),
]

 

 app01下的view视图中反向解析

def index(request):
    print(reverse(\'app01:index\'))
    return HttpResponse(\'ok\')

 

  app02下的view视图中反向解析

def index(request):

    print(reverse(\'app02:index\'))
    return HttpResponse(\'ok2\')

 

 

第三种写法：

项目的urls.py中的写法：

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    # url(r\'^app01/\', include(\'app01.urls\',namespace=\'app01\')),
    url(r\'^app01/\', include((\'app01.urls\',\'app01\'),namespace=\'app01\')),
    # url(r\'^app02/\', include(\'app02.urls\',namespace=\'app02\')),
    url(r\'^app02/\', include((\'app02.urls\',\'app02\'),namespace=\'app02\')),

]

 

那么其他的app中的urls.py中就不需要写app_name=\'应用名\'了，看app01下urls.py的写法：

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    # url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^index/\', views.index,name=\'index\'),

]

 

 app02下urls.py的写法：

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app02 import views

urlpatterns = [
    # url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^index/\', views.index,name=\'index\'),
]

 

视图的写法：

#app01
def index(request):
    print(reverse(\'app01:index\'))
    return HttpResponse(\'ok\')

#app02
def index(request):
    print(reverse(\'app02:index\'))
    return HttpResponse(\'ok2\')