Acorn Media Player
Acorn Media Player is a jQuery plugin implementing a custom HTML5 <video> player with a special focus on accessiblity and customization.
Video JS
Actually Video JS does not require JQuery to start with, but the author provide us the videojs jquery plugins, so it easier for us who already familiar working with JQuery.
Media Element
Flare Video
Supported all browsers: MP4, FLV, Firefox: Ogg, Safari: MP4, MOV
Open Standard Media
Open Standard Media (OSM) Player is an all-in-one media player for the web. It is an industry changing, open source (GPLv3) media player that is written in jQuery to dynamically deliver any type of web media, including HTML5, YouTube, Vimeo, and Flash.
jPlayer
Supported files on HTML5: mp3, m4a (AAC), m4v (H.264), ogv*, oga*, wav*, webm*, on Flash: mp3, m4a (AAC), m4v (H.264). Work on Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari, IE6, IE7, IE8, IE9, iPad, iPhone, iPod.
jMp3
jMP3 (javaScript MP3 player) is an easy way make any MP3 playable directly on most any web site (to those with Flash & javaScript enabled). Like the title said it is only support mp3 file format.
malsup jquery media plugin
The jQuery Media Plugin supports unobtrusive conversion of standard markup into rich media content. It can be used to embed virtually any media type, including Flash, Quicktime, Windows Media Player, Real Player, MP3, Silverlight, PDF and more, into a web page.
Oiplayer
It is based on flowplayer, and runs on Safari, Google Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer with Flash or Java installed.
Simple Player
Simple Player is a jQuery plugin that allows web developers to control audio files on their webpage. Supports style up via CSS. All browsers that supports HTML5 audio tag that allow mp3 or ogg format supported by this plugin.
JQuery Sound Plugin
This JQuery sound plugin provides the utility to play the audio file in background without showing the player on UI and stop the running audio file. This player may required Quicktime plugin to run.