对于任意的 $n$ 维向量 $a = \left \{ x_{1},x_{2},...,x_{n} \right \}$,$b = \left \{ y_{1},y_{2},...,y_{n} \right \}$,$p \geq 1$,有

$$\left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \leq \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} + \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}}$$

证明:

$$\sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} = \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|\cdot |x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p - 1} \leq \sum_{i=1}^{n}(|x_{i}| + |y_{i}|)\cdot |x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p - 1} \\
= \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}| \cdot |x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p - 1} + \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}| \cdot |x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p - 1} $$

   必然存在一个 $q \geq 1$,使得 $\frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{q} = 1$,则根据 $Holder$ 不等式有

$$\sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}| \cdot |x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p - 1} + \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}| \cdot |x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p - 1}  \leq \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \cdot \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{q(p-1)} \right )^{\frac{1}{q}} + \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \cdot \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{q(p-1)} \right )^{\frac{1}{q}} \\
= \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \cdot \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{q}} + \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \cdot \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{q}} \\
= \left \{ \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} + \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \right \} \cdot \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{q}}$$

   于是有

$$\sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p}
 \leq  \left \{ \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} + \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \right \} \cdot \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{q}}$$

   两边同除以最后一项,便可得

$$\left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i} + y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} \leq \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}} + \left ( \sum_{i=1}^{n}|y_{i}|^{p} \right )^{\frac{1}{p}}$$

证毕

 

相关文章:

  • 2022-01-09
  • 2022-12-23
  • 2022-12-23
  • 2021-07-30
  • 2021-11-26
  • 2021-07-02
  • 2022-01-08
  • 2022-12-23
猜你喜欢
  • 2022-12-23
  • 2022-01-09
  • 2021-10-27
  • 2021-12-08
  • 2021-05-22
相关资源
相似解决方案