方法一 通过GridView(简评：方法比较简单，但是只适合生成格式简单的Excel，且无法保留VBA代码),页面无刷新
aspx.cs部分
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Text;
public partial class DataPage_NationDataShow : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private Data_Link link = new Data_Link();
private string sql;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Ajax.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(DataPage_NationDataShow));
}
protected void btnExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string strExcelName = "MyExcel";
strExcelName = strExcelName.Replace(@"/", "");
Data_Link link = new Data_Link();
string strSQL = this.hidParam.Value;
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds = link.D_DataSet_Return(strSQL);//获得想要放入Excel的数据
gvExcel.Visible = true;
gvExcel.DataSource = null;
gvExcel.DataMember = ds.Tables[0].TableName;
gvExcel.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
gvExcel.DataBind();
ExportToExcel(this.Page, gvExcel, strExcelName);
}
protected void gvExcel_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
{ }
public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)
{ }
/// <summary>
/// 工具方法，Excel出力(解决乱码问题)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="page">调用页面</param>
/// <param name="excel">Excel数据</param>
/// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
public void ExportToExcel(System.Web.UI.Page page, GridView excel, string fileName)
{
try
{
foreach (GridViewRow row in excel.Rows)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row.Cells.Count; i++)
{
excel.HeaderRow.Cells[i].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Yellow;
}
}
excel.Font.Size = 10;
excel.AlternatingRowStyle.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightCyan;
excel.RowStyle.Height = 25;
page.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
page.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
page.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
page.Response.Write("<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content=text/html;charset=utf-8>");
excel.Page.EnableViewState = false;
excel.Visible = true;
excel.HeaderStyle.Reset();
excel.AlternatingRowStyle.Reset();
System.IO.StringWriter oStringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter();
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter oHtmlTextWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter);
excel.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter);
page.Response.Write(oStringWriter.ToString());
page.Response.End();
excel.DataSource = null;
excel.Visible = false;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
}
}
}
aspx部分
<head runat="server">
<script type="text/javascript">
//Excel DownLoad
function excelExport(){
var hidText = document.getElementById("hidParam");
hidText.value = "some params";
document.getElementById("ExcelOutput").click();
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="pageInit()">
<form ></asp:GridView>
</form>
</body>
在刚才的aspx.cs代码中
foreach (GridViewRow row in excel.Rows)
{
for (int i = 0; i < row.Cells.Count; i++)
{
excel.HeaderRow.Cells[i].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Yellow;
}
}
这部分是给表头添加样式。
有时候为了便于浏览，需要给交叉行添加样式，简单点的可以用下面这种：
excel.AlternatingRowStyle.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightCyan;
但是细看一下会发现它把一整行的样式都改变了，包括后面那些没有用到的列。
解决办法是有，不过比较繁琐，就是修改每个单元格的样式。
int rowCount = excel.Rows.Count;
int colCount = excel.HeaderRow.Cells.Count;
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<colCount; j++)
{
excel.Rows[i].Cells[j].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightCyan;
}
}
方法二 通过DataGrid(与方法一基本相同),页面无刷新
aspx.cs部分
public override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)
{}
/// <summary>
/// エクセル出力イベント
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void ExcelBut_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
DataGrid dgExcel = new DataGrid();
try
{
DataSet ds = getExcelData(this.PageParams.Value);//出力データを取得する
if(ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count>0)
{
//エクセルへデータを投入する
string execlName= "MyExcel";
Encoding encodingType=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
dgExcel.DataMember=ds.Tables[0].TableName;
dgExcel.DataSource=ds.Tables[0];
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.Charset = "utf-8";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + execlName+ ".xls");
Response.ContentEncoding = encodingType;
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
StringWriter oStringWriter = new StringWriter();
HtmlTextWriter oHtmlTextWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter);
dgExcel.DataBind();
dgExcel.Visible = true;
dgExcel.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter);
Response.Write(oStringWriter.ToString());
Response.Flush();
Response.Close();
dgExcel.DataSource = null;
dgExcel.Visible = false;
}
else
{
Response.Write("<script>alert('xxxxxx')</script>");
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Response.Write("<script>alert('oooooo')</script>");
}
}
aspx部分
<head runat="server">
<script type="text/javascript">
//Excel DownLoad
function excelExport(){
var hidText = document.getElementById("hidParam");
hidText.value = "some params";
document.getElementById("ExcelOutput").click();
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="pageInit()">
<form ></asp:datagrid>
</form>
</body>
方法三 以XML形式的Excel方式(可以设置丰富的样式，并可以有多个sheet，但需要模版。速度很快，但生成的文件较大，且无法保留VBA代码)
具体方法：把模版以 XML Document形式另存为A.xml。然后参照A.xml中的内容即可
Response.WriteFile(FullFileName);
Response.Flush();
if (File.Exists(FullFileName))
{
File.Delete(FullFileName);
}
}
Response.Flush();
if (File.Exists(FullFileName))
{
File.Delete(FullFileName);
}
}
方法四 用微软的COM组件操作Excel。虽然可以很方便的操作单元格，并且能保留VBA代码，它相当于直接打开一个EXCEL进程。
当初这个COM组件式给WinForm准备的，但在Web端有很多东西的支持不尽人意，例如无法用组件中的方法关闭Excel对象，
只能通过强制关闭Excel进程的方式(这其中还有很多问题，例如只能关闭当前打开的这个Excel的进程，否则会把其他用户的Excel进程关闭)。在这里不推荐
方法五 用流的方式，把内容以Table的格式向Excel中放数据 好处是 可以生成格式丰富复杂的Excel，页面无刷新
aspx部分
<asp:Button ID="hidExport" onClick="hidExport_Click()" Runat="server"></asp:Button>
aspx.cs部分
//内容很好理解，只需当成Table来拼字符串即可
private string getExcelContent()
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.Append("<table borderColor='black' border='1' >");
sb.Append("<thead><tr><th colSpan='2' bgColor='#ccfefe'>标题</th></tr>");
sb.Append("<tr><th bgColor='#ccfefe'>号码</th><th bgColor='#ccfefe'>名字</th></tr></thead>");
sb.Append("<tbody>");
sb.Append("<tr class='firstTR'><td bgcolor='#FF99CC'></td><td></td></tr>");
sb.Append("<tr class='secondTR'><td></td><td bgcolor='lightskyblue'></td></tr>");
sb.Append("</tbody></table>");
return sb.ToString();
}
private void hidExport_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
string content = getExcelContent();
string css = ".firstTR td{color:blue;width:100px;}.secondTR td{color:blue;width:100px;}";
string filename = "Test.xls";
CommonTool.ExportToExcel(filename, content ,css);
}
工具类CommonTool
public class CommonTool
{
/// <summary>
/// 以流的形式，可以设置很丰富复杂的样式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="content">Excel中内容(Table格式)</param>
/// <param name="filename">文件名</param>
/// <param name="cssText">样式内容</param>
public static void ExportToExcel(string filename, string content,string cssText)
{
var res = HttpContext.Current.Response;
content = String.Format("<style type='text/css'>{0}</style>{1}",cssText,content);
res.Clear();
res.Buffer = true;
res.Charset = "UTF-8";
res.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + filename);
res.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8");
res.ContentType = "application/ms-excel;charset=UTF-8";
res.Write(content);
res.Flush();
res.End();
}
}
这种方法比较灵活，而且可以通过选择器来添加样式，相当不错。缺点就是需要将数据转换成字符串。