access基本操作(c#操作，远程连接，执行sql,加密,备份）

 最近项目用到了access，是的就是access，工作在桌面型的小数据库应用还是会用到的，如果你确定永远不会遇到access的操作，请忽略此篇文章

1.vs配置access

　　既然是数据库，就少不了增删改查。不像mssql那样access没有存储过程（但可以进行宏操作），我们一般都是写T-SQL操作。

1.1.附上access的db操作辅助类。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;

namespace DB
{
    class OdbcDBHelper : DBHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 读取二进制字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">存储过程或者sql语句</param>
        /// <param name="pars">参数列表</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <param name="comTimeout_">超时时间</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override Byte[] GetBinary(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType)
        {
            return GetBinary(sql, pars, cmdType, comTimeout);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 读取二进制字段
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">存储过程或者sql语句</param>
        /// <param name="pars">参数列表</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <param name="comTimeout_">超时时间</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override Byte[] GetBinary(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType, int comTimeout_)
        {
            using (OleDbConnection SConn = new OleDbConnection(connText))
            {
                SConn.Open();
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                try
                {
                    OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
                    if (pars != null)
                    {
                        OleDbParameter sqlp = null;
                        foreach (JHSqlParameter p in pars)
                        {
                            sqlp = new OleDbParameter();
                            sqlp.ParameterName = p.ParameterName;
                            sqlp.Value = p.Value;
                            sqlp.Direction = p.Direction;
                            cmd.Parameters.Add(sqlp);
                        }
                    }
                    cmd.CommandTimeout = comTimeout;
                    cmd.CommandText = sql;
                    cmd.CommandType = cmdType;
                    cmd.Connection = SConn;

                    OleDbDataReader sdr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    sdr.Read();
                    Byte[] blob = null;
                    blob = new Byte[(sdr.GetBytes(0, 0, null, 0, int.MaxValue))];
                    sdr.GetBytes(0, 0, blob, 0, blob.Length);
                    sdr.Close();
                    cmd.Parameters.Clear();

                    return blob;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    SConn.Close();
                }
            }
        }

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 前端获得cmd对象
        ///// </summary>
        ///// <param name="sql">存储过程的名字</param>
        ///// <returns>SqlCommand对象</returns>
        //public override OleDbCommand GetSqlCommand(string sql)
        //{
        //    return GetSqlCommand(sql, comTimeout);
        //}
        ///// <summary>
        ///// 前端获得cmd对象
        ///// </summary>
        ///// <param name="sql">存储过程的名字</param>
        ///// <param name="comTimeout">超时时间</param>
        ///// <returns>SqlCommand对象</returns>
        //public override OleDbCommand GetSqlCommand(string sql, int comTimeout_)
        //{
        //    OleDbConnection SConn = new OleDbConnection(connText);
        //    OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
        //    cmd.CommandTimeout = comTimeout_;
        //    cmd.CommandText = sql;
        //    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        //    cmd.Connection = SConn;
        //    return cmd;
        //}

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行存储过程或者sql语句
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="pars"></param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <returns>受影响的行数</returns>
        public override int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType)
        {
            return ExecuteNonQuery(sql, pars, cmdType, comTimeout);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行存储过程或者sql语句
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="pars"></param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <returns>受影响的行数</returns>
        public override int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType, int comTimeout_)
        {
            using (OleDbConnection SConn = new OleDbConnection(connText))
            {
                SConn.Open();
                int i = 0;
                try
                {
                    OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
                    if (pars != null)
                    {
                        OleDbParameter sqlp = null;
                        foreach (JHSqlParameter p in pars)
                        {
                            sqlp = new OleDbParameter();
                            sqlp.ParameterName = p.ParameterName;
                            sqlp.Value = p.Value;
                            sqlp.Direction = p.Direction;
                            if (p.Size > 0)
                            {
                                sqlp.Size = p.Size;
                            }
                            cmd.Parameters.Add(sqlp);
                        }
                    }
                    cmd.CommandTimeout = comTimeout_;
                    cmd.CommandText = sql;
                    cmd.CommandType = cmdType;
                    cmd.Connection = SConn;
                    i = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

                    for (int j = 0; j < cmd.Parameters.Count; j++)
                    {
                        if (cmd.Parameters[j].Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || cmd.Parameters[j].Direction == ParameterDirection.Output)
                        {
                            pars[j].Value = cmd.Parameters[j].Value;
                        }
                    }
                    cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    SConn.Close();
                }
                return i;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行存储过程或者sql语句_事务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="pars"></param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <returns>void</returns>
        public override void ExecuteNonQuery_Tran(string[] sql, IList<JHSqlParameter>[] pars, CommandType[] cmdType)
        {
            ExecuteNonQuery_Tran(sql, pars, cmdType, comTimeout);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行存储过程或者sql语句_事务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="pars"></param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <returns>void</returns>
        public override void ExecuteNonQuery_Tran(string[] sql, IList<JHSqlParameter>[] pars, CommandType[] cmdType, int comTimeout_)
        {
            using (OleDbConnection SConn = new OleDbConnection(connText))
            {
                SConn.Open();
                OleDbTransaction myTran = SConn.BeginTransaction();
                try
                {
                    OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
                    cmd.Transaction = myTran;
                    cmd.Connection = SConn;
                    for (int tt = 0; tt < sql.Length; tt++)
                    {
                        if (pars[tt] != null)
                        {
                            OleDbParameter sqlp = null;
                            foreach (JHSqlParameter p in pars[tt])
                            {
                                sqlp = new OleDbParameter();
                                sqlp.ParameterName = p.ParameterName;
                                sqlp.Value = p.Value;
                                sqlp.Direction = p.Direction;
                                if (p.Size > 0)
                                {
                                    sqlp.Size = p.Size;
                                }
                                cmd.Parameters.Add(sqlp);
                            }
                        }
                        cmd.CommandTimeout = comTimeout_;
                        cmd.CommandText = sql[tt];
                        cmd.CommandType = cmdType[tt];
                        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                        for (int j = 0; j < cmd.Parameters.Count; j++)
                        {
                            if (cmd.Parameters[j].Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || cmd.Parameters[j].Direction == ParameterDirection.Output)
                            {
                                pars[tt][j].Value = cmd.Parameters[j].Value;
                            }
                        }
                        cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                    }
                    myTran.Commit();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    myTran.Rollback();
                    throw new ApplicationException(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    SConn.Close();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 返回第一行第一列的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="pars"></param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override string ExecuteScalar(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType)
        {
            return ExecuteScalar(sql, pars, cmdType, comTimeout);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回第一行第一列的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">存储过程/语句</param>
        /// <param name="pars">参数列表</param>
        /// <param name="cmdType"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override string ExecuteScalar(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType, int comTimeout_)
        {
            using (OleDbConnection SConn = new OleDbConnection(connText))
            {
                SConn.Open();
                string str = null;
                try
                {
                    OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
                    if (pars != null)
                    {
                        OleDbParameter sqlp = null;
                        foreach (JHSqlParameter p in pars)
                        {
                            sqlp = new OleDbParameter();
                            sqlp.ParameterName = p.ParameterName;
                            sqlp.Value = p.Value;
                            sqlp.Direction = p.Direction;
                            cmd.Parameters.Add(sqlp);
                        }
                    }
                    cmd.CommandTimeout = comTimeout_;
                    cmd.CommandText = sql;
                    cmd.CommandType = cmdType;
                    cmd.Connection = SConn;
                    object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
                    str = obj == null ? "" : obj.ToString();
                    cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    SConn.Close();
                }
                return str;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获得DataTable
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql">存储过程/语句</param>
        /// <param name="pars">参数列表</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override DataTable GetDataTable(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType)
        {
            return GetDataTable(sql, pars, cmdType, comTimeout);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获得DataTable
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sql"></param>
        /// <param name="pars"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public override DataTable GetDataTable(string sql, IList<JHSqlParameter> pars, CommandType cmdType, int comTimeout_)
        {
            using (OleDbConnection SConn = new OleDbConnection(connText))
            {
                SConn.Open();
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                try
                {
                    OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
                    if (pars != null)
                    {
                        OleDbParameter sqlp = null;
                        foreach (JHSqlParameter p in pars)
                        {
                            sqlp = new OleDbParameter();
                            sqlp.ParameterName = p.ParameterName;
                            sqlp.Value = p.Value;
                            sqlp.Direction = p.Direction;
                            cmd.Parameters.Add(sqlp);
                        }
                    }
                    cmd.CommandTimeout = comTimeout_;
                    cmd.CommandText = sql;
                    cmd.CommandType = cmdType;
                    cmd.Connection = SConn;
                    OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd);
                    da.Fill(ds);
                    cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    SConn.Close();
                }
                return ds.Tables[0];
            }
        }
    }
}

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