java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

1 安装es，kibana并启动(记住es集群名称)

2 在kibana的 Dev Tools 中创建索引(创建一个名称为estest的结构化索引，数据类型定义好的)

PUT estest
{
  "settings":{
    "number_of_shards": 3,   
    "number_of_replicas": 1    
  },
  "mappings":{
    "student":{
      "properties":{
        "id":{
          "type":"long"
        },
        "name":{
          "type":"text"
        },
        "address":{
          "type":"keyword"
        },
        "age":{
          "type":"integer"
        },
        "date":{
          "type":"date",
          "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss|| yyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
        },
        "url":{
          "type":"text"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2 创建springBoot项目并配置

2.1 引入需要的依赖环境

<dependencies>
        <!--Spring Boot Web 基础环境-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring Boot 测试环境-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!--elasticsearch-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>6.8.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>transport</artifactId>
            <version>6.8.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.plugin</groupId>
            <artifactId>transport-netty4-client</artifactId>
            <version>6.8.5</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.2 配置application.yml文件

# 配置端口
server:
  port: 8083
# 日志
logging:
  level:
    com.liyh.controller: debug

2.3 配置logback.xml文件（控制台打印日志）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="false">
    <!-- 彩色日志依赖的渲染类 -->
    <conversionRule conversionWord="clr" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.ColorConverter"/>
    <conversionRule conversionWord="wex"
                    converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.WhitespaceThrowableProxyConverter"/>
    <conversionRule conversionWord="wEx"
                    converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.ExtendedWhitespaceThrowableProxyConverter"/>
    <!-- 彩色日志格式 -->
    <property name="CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN"
              value="${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN:-%clr(%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}){faint} %clr(${LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN:-%5p}) %clr(${PID:- }){magenta} %clr(---){faint} %clr([%15.15t]){faint} %clr(%-40.40logger{39}){cyan} %clr(:){faint} %m%n${LOG_EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD:-%wEx}}"/>
    <!-- Console 输出设置 -->
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
            <charset>utf8</charset>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <!-- 不用彩色控制台输出 -->
    <!--<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
            &lt;!&ndash;格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符&ndash;&gt;
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>-->

    <!-- 日志输出级别 -->
    <root level="INFO">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

2.3 创建 ElasticSearchController

package com.liyh.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/**
 * @Author: liyh
 * @Date: 2020/9/16 17:12
 */
@RestController
public class ElasticSearchController {

    private static int port = 9300;//通过http请求的端口号是9200，通过客户端请求的端口号是9300
    // 使用本地的es,每个测试中的 settings  要换成  Settings.EMPTY
    //private static String host = "localhost";     //elasticsearch的服务器地址
    private static String host = "192.168.2.37";    //elasticsearch的服务器地址

}

3 测试连接:

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/connect

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

@RequestMapping("connect")
    public String connect() throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                //设置es集群名称
                .put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster")
                //增加嗅探机制，找到es集群
                .put("client.transport.sniff", true)
                .build();
        /*
         * 创建客户端，所有的操作都由客户端开始，这个就好像是JDBC的Connection对象
         * 用完记得要关闭
         */
        //2.创建访问ES服务器的客户端
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        System.out.println("client :  " + client);
        return client.toString();
    }

4 向es添加数据

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/testInsert

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

    //插入数据
    @RequestMapping("testInsert")
    public String testInsert() throws IOException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        //将数据转换成文档的格式（后期可以使用java对象，将数据转换成json对象就可以了）
        XContentBuilder doContentBuilder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("id", "1") //字段名 ： 值
                .field("name", "网民")
                .field("address", "上海虹桥")
                .field("age", "20")
                .field("date", "2018-05-20")
                .field("url", "www.wangmin.com")
                .endObject();
        //添加文档  index1:索引名 blog:类型 10:id
        //.setRefreshPolicy(WriteRequest.RefreshPolicy.IMMEDIATE) 代表插入成功后立即刷新，因为ES中插入数据默认分片要1秒钟后再刷新

        IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("estest", "student", "1")
                .setSource(doContentBuilder).setRefreshPolicy(WriteRequest.RefreshPolicy.IMMEDIATE).get();
        //打印出CREATED 表示添加成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

5 根据id查询es数据

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/testGet/1

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

    //从es中查询数据
    @RequestMapping("testGet/{id}")
    public String testGet(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        //实现数据查询(指定_id查询) 参数分别是 索引名，类型名  id
        GetResponse getResponse = client.prepareGet("estest", "student",id).get();
        String sourceAsString = getResponse.getSourceAsString();
        System.out.println(sourceAsString);
        client.close();//关闭客户端
        return sourceAsString;
    }

6 根据id修改es数据

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/testUpdate/1

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

访问kibana，年龄修改成功

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

    //修改数据（指定字段进行修改)
    @RequestMapping("testUpdate/{id}")
    public String testUpdate(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest();
        request.index("estest") //索引名
                .type("student") //类型
                .id(id)//id
                .doc(
                        XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                                .startObject()
                                .field("age", "33")//要修改的字段 及字段值
                                .endObject()
                );
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request).get();
        //控制台出现OK 代表更新成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

7 upsert修改用法：修改数据存在，执行修改，不存在则执行插入

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/testUpsert/2

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

    //upsert 修改用法：修改数据存在，执行修改，不存在则执行插入
    @RequestMapping("testUpsert/{id}")
    public String testUpsert(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        IndexRequest request1 = new IndexRequest("estest", "student",id).source(
                XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                        .field("id", id) //字段名 ： 值
                        .field("name", "刘希")
                        .field("address", "北京天安门")
                        .field("age", "33")
                        .field("date", "1990-11-11")
                        .field("url", "www.liuxi.com")
                        .endObject()
        );
        UpdateRequest request2 = new UpdateRequest("estest", "student",id).doc(
                XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject()
                        .field("age", "44")
                        .endObject()
        ).upsert(request1);
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request2).get();
        //控制台出现OK 代表更新成功, 控制台出现CREATED 代表插入成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

8 从es中查询所有数据

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/testGetAll

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

//从es中查询所有数据
    @RequestMapping("testGetAll")
    public String testGetAll() throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        QueryBuilder qBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
        SearchResponse sResponse = client.prepareSearch("estest")
                .setQuery(qBuilder)
                .get();
        SearchHits hits = sResponse.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            //将获取的值转换成map的形式
            Map<String, Object> map = hit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println("url = : " + map.get("url"));

            for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                System.out.println(key +" ：" +map.get(key));
            }
            System.out.println("==================");
        }
        return "success";
    }

9 根据id删除es数据

访问地址：http://localhost:8083/testDelete/1

java通过SpringBoot操作elasticsearch实现基本的增删改查

代码：

//删除数据
    @RequestMapping("testDelete/{id}")
    public String testDelete(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        //将数据转换成文档的格式（后期可以使用java对象，将数据转换成json对象就可以了）
        DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("estest", "student", id).get();
        //控制台打印出OK代表删除成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

10 controller代码

package com.liyh.controller;

import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.WriteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.TransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.client.PreBuiltTransportClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

/**
 * @Author: liyh
 * @Date: 2020/9/16 17:12
 */
@RestController
public class ElasticSearchController {

    private static int port = 9300;//通过http请求的端口号是9200，通过客户端请求的端口号是9300
    // 使用本地的es,每个测试中的 settings  要换成  Settings.EMPTY
    //private static String host = "localhost";     //elasticsearch的服务器地址
    private static String host = "192.168.2.37";    //elasticsearch的服务器地址

    @RequestMapping("connect")
    public String connect() throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                //设置es集群名称
                .put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster")
                //增加嗅探机制，找到es集群
                .put("client.transport.sniff", true)
                .build();
        /*
         * 创建客户端，所有的操作都由客户端开始，这个就好像是JDBC的Connection对象
         * 用完记得要关闭
         */
        //2.创建访问ES服务器的客户端
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        System.out.println("client :  " + client);
        return client.toString();
    }

    //从es中查询数据
    @RequestMapping("testGet/{id}")
    public String testGet(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        //实现数据查询(指定_id查询) 参数分别是 索引名，类型名  id
        GetResponse getResponse = client.prepareGet("estest", "student",id).get();
        String sourceAsString = getResponse.getSourceAsString();
        System.out.println(sourceAsString);
        client.close();//关闭客户端
        return sourceAsString;
    }

    //从es中查询所有数据
    @RequestMapping("testGetAll")
    public String testGetAll() throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        QueryBuilder qBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
        SearchResponse sResponse = client.prepareSearch("estest")
                .setQuery(qBuilder)
                .get();
        SearchHits hits = sResponse.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
            //将获取的值转换成map的形式
            Map<String, Object> map = hit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println("url = : " + map.get("url"));

            for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                System.out.println(key +" ：" +map.get(key));
            }
            System.out.println("==================");
        }
        return "success";
    }

    //插入数据
    @RequestMapping("testInsert")
    public String testInsert() throws IOException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        //将数据转换成文档的格式（后期可以使用java对象，将数据转换成json对象就可以了）
        XContentBuilder doContentBuilder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("id", "1") //字段名 ： 值
                .field("name", "网民")
                .field("address", "上海虹桥")
                .field("age", "20")
                .field("date", "2018-05-20")
                .field("url", "www.wangmin.com")
                .endObject();
        //添加文档  index1:索引名 blog:类型 10:id
        //.setRefreshPolicy(WriteRequest.RefreshPolicy.IMMEDIATE) 代表插入成功后立即刷新，因为ES中插入数据默认分片要1秒钟后再刷新

        IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("estest", "student", "1")
                .setSource(doContentBuilder).setRefreshPolicy(WriteRequest.RefreshPolicy.IMMEDIATE).get();
        //打印出CREATED 表示添加成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

    //删除数据
    @RequestMapping("testDelete/{id}")
    public String testDelete(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws UnknownHostException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        //将数据转换成文档的格式（后期可以使用java对象，将数据转换成json对象就可以了）
        DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("estest", "student", id).get();
        //控制台打印出OK代表删除成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

    //修改数据（指定字段进行修改)
    @RequestMapping("testUpdate/{id}")
    public String testUpdate(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest();
        request.index("estest") //索引名
                .type("student") //类型
                .id(id)//id
                .doc(
                        XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                                .startObject()
                                .field("age", "33")//要修改的字段 及字段值
                                .endObject()
                );
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request).get();
        //控制台出现OK 代表更新成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

    //upsert 修改用法：修改数据存在，执行修改，不存在则执行插入
    @RequestMapping("testUpsert/{id}")
    public String testUpsert(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        //1、指定es集群  cluster.name 是固定的key值，docker-cluster是ES集群的名称
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "docker-cluster").build();
        //获取es主机中节点的ip地址及端口号(以下是单个节点案例)
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddresses(
                new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName(host), port));
        IndexRequest request1 = new IndexRequest("estest", "student",id).source(
                XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                        .field("id", id) //字段名 ： 值
                        .field("name", "刘希")
                        .field("address", "北京天安门")
                        .field("age", "33")
                        .field("date", "1990-11-11")
                        .field("url", "www.liuxi.com")
                        .endObject()
        );
        UpdateRequest request2 = new UpdateRequest("estest", "student",id).doc(
                XContentFactory.jsonBuilder().startObject()
                        .field("age", "44")
                        .endObject()
        ).upsert(request1);
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request2).get();
        //控制台出现OK 代表更新成功, 控制台出现CREATED 代表插入成功
        System.out.println(response.status());
        return response.status().toString();
    }

}

11 项目地址

https://gitee.com/liyhGitee/springboot/tree/master/springboot_elasticsearch