C#.NET序列化XML、JSON、二进制微软自带DLL与newtonsoft(json.net)

序列化是将对象转换成另一种格式（XML、json、二进制byte[]）

JSON序列化

.NET中有三种常用的JSON序列化的类，分别是：

Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert类（推荐）

Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert类是非微软提供的一个JSON序列化和反序列的开源免费的类库（下载网址是：http://www.codeplex.com/json/），它提供了更灵活的序列化和反序列化控制，并且如果你的开发环境使用的是.NET Framework3.5及以后版本的话，你就可以使用Linq to JSON，这样一来面对一大段的数据不必一一解析，你可以使用Linq to JSON解析出你关心的那部分即可，非常方便。
下面是使用Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert类的例子：

public static void JsonConvertDemo()
{
    User user = new User { UserId = 1, UserName = "李刚", CreateDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-30), Birthday = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-50), Priority = Priority.BelowNormal, Salary = 5000 };
    //JsonConvert类在Newtonsoft.Json.Net35.dll中，注意到http://www.codeplex.com/json/下载这个dll并添加这个引用
    //JSON序列化
    string result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(user);
    Console.WriteLine("使用JsonConvert序列化后的结果：{0},长度：{1}", result, result.Length);
    //JSON反序列化
    user = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<User>(result);
    Console.WriteLine("使用JsonConvert反序列化后的结果：UserId:{0},UserName:{1},CreateDate:{2},Priority:{3}", user.UserId, user.UserName, user.CreateDate, user.Priority);
}
public static void JsonConvertLinqDemo()
{
    User user = new User { UserId = 1, UserName = "周公", CreateDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-8), Birthday = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-32), Priority = Priority.Lowest, Salary = 500, Urls = new List<string> { "http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com", "http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn" } };
    //JsonConvert类在Newtonsoft.Json.Net35.dll中，注意到http://www.codeplex.com/json/下载这个dll并添加这个引用
    //JSON序列化
    string result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(user);
    Console.WriteLine("使用JsonConvert序列化后的结果：{0},长度：{1}", result, result.Length);
    //使用Linq to JSON
    JObject jobject = JObject.Parse(result);
    JToken token = jobject["Urls"];
    List<string> urlList = new List<string>();
    foreach (JToken t in token)
    {
        urlList.Add(t.ToString());
    }
    Console.Write("使用Linq to JSON反序列化后的结果：[");
    for (int i = 0; i < urlList.Count - 1;i++ )
    {
        Console.Write(urlList[i] + ",");
    }
    Console.WriteLine(urlList[urlList.Count - 1] + "]");
}

注意：如果有不需要序列化的字段，可以给该字段添加[JsonIgnore]标记。在Newtonsoft这个类库中对于日期的序列化有多种方式，可以类的DataTime成员添加上对应的标记，这样在进行序列化和反序列化时就会按照指定的方式进行，在本例中User类的CreateDate属性添加的属性是[JsonConverter(typeof(IsoDateTimeConverter))]，而Birthday属性添加的属性是[JsonConverter(typeof(JavaScriptDateTimeConverter))]，从序列化的结果可以看出来它们最终的表现形式并不一样。
该实例完整代码：

using System;  
using System.Collections.Generic;  
using System.Linq;  
using System.Text;  
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;  
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;  
using System.IO;  
using System.Runtime.Serialization;  
using Newtonsoft.Json;  
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;  
using Newtonsoft.Json.Converters;  
 
namespace JSONDemo  
{  
class Program  
{  
    static void Main(string[] args)  
    {  
        JavaScriptSerializerDemo();  
        DataContractJsonSerializerDemo();  
        JsonConvertDemo();  
        JsonConvertLinqDemo();  
        Console.ReadLine();  
    }  
 
    public static void JavaScriptSerializerDemo()  
    {  
        User user = new User { UserId = 1, UserName = "李刚", CreateDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-30),Birthday=DateTime.Now.AddYears(-50), Priority = Priority.Highest, Salary = 500000 };  
        //JavaScriptSerializer类在System.Web.Extensions.dll中，注意添加这个引用  
        JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();  
        //JSON序列化  
        string result=serializer.Serialize(user);  
        Console.WriteLine("使用JavaScriptSerializer序列化后的结果：{0},长度：{1}", result, result.Length);  
        //JSON反序列化  
        user = serializer.Deserialize<User>(result);  
        Console.WriteLine("使用JavaScriptSerializer反序列化后的结果：UserId:{0},UserName:{1},CreateDate:{2},Priority:{3}", user.UserId, user.UserName, user.CreateDate, user.Priority);  
 
    }  
 
    public static void DataContractJsonSerializerDemo()  
    {  
        User user = new User { UserId = 1, UserName = "李刚", CreateDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-30), Birthday = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-50), Priority = Priority.AboveNormal, Salary = 50000 };  
        string result = string.Empty;  
        //DataContractJsonSerializer类在System.ServiceModel.Web.dll中，注意添加这个引用  
        DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(User));  
          
        using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())  
        {  
            //JSON序列化  
            serializer.WriteObject(stream, user);  
            result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());  
            Console.WriteLine("使用DataContractJsonSerializer序列化后的结果：{0},长度：{1}", result, result.Length);  
        }  
 
        //JSON反序列化  
        byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(result);  
        using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(buffer))  
        {  
            user = serializer.ReadObject(stream) as User;  
            Console.WriteLine("使用DataContractJsonSerializer反序列化后的结果：UserId:{0},UserName:{1},CreateDate:{2},Priority:{3}", user.UserId, user.UserName, user.CreateDate, user.Priority);  
        }  
    }  
 
    public static void JsonConvertDemo()  
    {  
        User user = new User { UserId = 1, UserName = "李刚", CreateDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-30), Birthday = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-50), Priority = Priority.BelowNormal, Salary = 5000 };  
        //JsonConvert类在Newtonsoft.Json.Net35.dll中，注意到http://www.codeplex.com/json/下载这个dll并添加这个引用  
        //JSON序列化  
        string result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(user);  
        Console.WriteLine("使用JsonConvert序列化后的结果：{0},长度：{1}", result, result.Length);  
        //JSON反序列化  
        user = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<User>(result);  
        Console.WriteLine("使用JsonConvert反序列化后的结果：UserId:{0},UserName:{1},CreateDate:{2},Priority:{3}", user.UserId, user.UserName, user.CreateDate, user.Priority);  
    }  
 
    public static void JsonConvertLinqDemo()  
    {  
        User user = new User { UserId = 1, UserName = "周公", CreateDate = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-8), Birthday = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-32), Priority = Priority.Lowest, Salary = 500, Urls = new List<string> { "http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com", "http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn" } };  
        //JsonConvert类在Newtonsoft.Json.Net35.dll中，注意到http://www.codeplex.com/json/下载这个dll并添加这个引用  
        //JSON序列化  
        string result = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(user);  
        Console.WriteLine("使用JsonConvert序列化后的结果：{0},长度：{1}", result, result.Length);  
        //使用Linq to JSON  
        JObject jobject = JObject.Parse(result);  
        JToken token = jobject["Urls"];  
        List<string> urlList = new List<string>();  
        foreach (JToken t in token)  
        {  
            urlList.Add(t.ToString());  
        }  
        Console.Write("使用Linq to JSON反序列化后的结果：[");  
        for (int i = 0; i < urlList.Count - 1;i++ )  
        {  
            Console.Write(urlList[i] + ",");  
        }  
        Console.WriteLine(urlList[urlList.Count - 1] + "]");  
    }  
}  
 
[DataContract]  
public class User  
{  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 编号  
    /// </summary>  
    [DataMember]  
    public int UserId { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 用户名  
    /// </summary>  
    [DataMember]  
    public string UserName { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 创建时间  
    /// </summary>  
    [DataMember]  
    [JsonConverter(typeof(IsoDateTimeConverter))]  
    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 生日  
    /// </summary>  
    [DataMember]  
    [JsonConverter(typeof(JavaScriptDateTimeConverter))]  
    public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 相关URL  
    /// </summary>  
    [DataMember]  
    public List<string> Urls { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 薪水  
    /// </summary>  
    [ScriptIgnore]//使用JavaScriptSerializer序列化时不序列化此字段  
    [IgnoreDataMember]//使用DataContractJsonSerializer序列化时不序列化此字段  
    [JsonIgnore]//使用JsonConvert序列化时不序列化此字段  
    public int Salary { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 权利级别  
    /// </summary>  
    [DataMember]  
    public Priority Priority { get; set; }  
 
    public User()  
    {  
        Urls = new List<string>();  
    }  
}  
/// <summary>  
/// 权利级别  
/// </summary>  
public enum Priority:byte 
{  
    Lowest=0x1,  
    BelowNormal=0x2,  
    Normal=0x4,  
    AboveNormal=0x8,  
    Highest=0x16  
}  
} 

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