python-操作xml格式的文件

xml文件的格式如下：

<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year updated="yes">2009</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
        <year updated="yes">2012</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" />
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year updated="yes">2012</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
    </country>
</data>

# @File    : 4.8.1xml模块.py
# @Software: PyCharm

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse(\'xmltest.xml\')
root = tree.getroot()

print(root.tag) #获取标签名

for child in root:  # 遍历每一层标签
    print(\'----------\', child.tag, child.attrib)
    for i in child: # 遍历各层标签下的子标签和值
        print(i.tag, i.text)

print(\'-------------------------------------------\')
# 只遍历year节点
for node in root.iter(\'year\'):
    print(node.tag, node.text)

# @File    : 4.8.2xml文件增删改查.py
# @Software: PyCharm

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

# 改值操作
tree = ET.parse(\'xmltest.xml\')
root = tree.getroot()  # f.seek(0)
for node in root.iter(\'year\'):
    new_year = int(node.text) + 1
    node.text = str(new_year)
    node.set(\'updated\', \'yes\')
tree.write("xmltest.xml")

# 删除值操作
tree = ET.parse(\'xmltest.xml\')
root = tree.getroot()  # f.seek(0)
for country in root.findall(\'country\'):
    rank = int(country.find(\'rank\').text)
    if rank > 50:
        root.remove(country)

print(\'----------------------\')
for node in root.iter(\'rank\'):
    print(node.tag, node.text)

tree.write(\'output.xml\')

# @File    : 4.8.3自动创建xml文件.py
# @Software: PyCharm

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET


new_xml = ET.Element(\'country_list\')  # 生成一个节点名
# 生成第1个xml标签
name = ET.SubElement(new_xml, \'name\', attrib={\'enrolled\': \'yes\'})
age = ET.SubElement(name, \'age\', attrib={\'checked\': \'no\'})
sex = ET.SubElement(name, \'sex\')
sex.text = \'33\'
# 生成第2个xml标签
name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, \'name\', attrib={\'enrolled\': \'yes\'})
age = ET.SubElement(name2, \'age\', attrib={\'checked\': \'no\'})
age = ET.SubElement(name2, \'sex\')
age.text = \'19\'

et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)  # 生成档案
et.write(\'test.xml\', encoding=\'utf-8\', xml_declaration=True)

ET.dump(new_xml)  # 打印生成的格式