restframework安装及APIView分析

一、restframework的安装

方式一：pip3 install djangorestframework

方式二：pycharm图形化界面安装

方式三：pycharm命令行下安装（装在当前工程所用的解释器下）

 

二、基于Django实现的API(不带restframework)

FBV

 1 from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
 2 
 3 # Create your views here.
 4 import json
 5 
 6 def users(request):
 7     response = {'code':1000,'data':None}  #code用来表示状态，比如1000代表成功，1001代表
 8     response['data'] = [
 9         {'name':'haiyan','age':22},
10         {'name':'haidong','age':10},
11         {'name':'haixiyu','age':11},
12     ]
13     return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response))  #返回多条数据
14 
15 def user(request,pk):
16     if request.method =='GET':
17         return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'name':'haiyan','age':11}))  #返回一条数据
18     elif request.method =='POST':
19         return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'code':1111}))  #返回一条数据
20     elif request.method =='PUT':
21         pass
22     elif request.method =='DELETE':
23         pass
24 
25 views

 

CBV

from django.views import View
class UsersView(View):
    def get(self,request):
        response = {'code':1000,'data':None}
        response['data'] = [
            {'name': 'haiyan', 'age': 22},
            {'name': 'haidong', 'age': 10},
            {'name': 'haixiyu', 'age': 11},
        ]
        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response),stutas=200)

class UserView(View):
    def get(self,request,pk):
        return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'name':'haiyan','age':11}))  #返回一条数据
    def post(self,request,pk):
        return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'code':1111}))  #返回一条数据
    def put(self,request,pk):
        pass
    def delete(self,request,pk):
        pass

views

 

三、restframework里封装的APIView分析

基于django实现的API许多功能都需要我们自己开发，这时候djangorestframework就给我们提供了方便，直接基于它来返回数据，总之原理都是一样的，就是给一个接口也就是url，让前端的人去请求这个url去获取数据，在页面上显示出来。这样也就达到了前后端分离的效果。

as_view方法

 

 1 @classmethod
 2     def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
 3         """
 4         Store the original class on the view function.
 5 
 6         This allows us to discover information about the view when we do URL
 7         reverse lookups.  Used for breadcrumb generation.
 8         """
 9         if isinstance(getattr(cls, 'queryset', None), models.query.QuerySet):
10             def force_evaluation():
11                 raise RuntimeError(
12                     'Do not evaluate the `.queryset` attribute directly, '
13                     'as the result will be cached and reused between requests. '
14                     'Use `.all()` or call `.get_queryset()` instead.'
15                 )
16             cls.queryset._fetch_all = force_evaluation
17 
18         view = super(APIView, cls).as_view(**initkwargs)
19         view.cls = cls
20         view.initkwargs = initkwargs
21 
22         # Note: session based authentication is explicitly CSRF validated,
23         # all other authentication is CSRF exempt.
24         return csrf_exempt(view)
25 
26 as_view方法

View Code