一，基本操作
用于实现面向对象编程语言里不同类型系统的数据之间的转换，换言之，就是用面向对象的方式去操作数据库的创建表以及增删改查等操作。
1.增(create , save)：
1 2 from app01.models import * 3 4 #create方式一: Author.objects.create(name='Alvin') 5 6 #create方式二: Author.objects.create(**{"name":"alex"}) 7 8 #save方式一: author=Author(name="alvin") 9 author.save() 10 11 #save方式二: author=Author() 12 author.name="alvin" 13 author.save()
2.删（delete）：
1 #正向 book = models.Book.objects.filter(id=1) 2 3 #删除第三张表中和女孩1关联的所有关联信息 4 book.author.clear() #清空与book中id=1 关联的所有数据 5 book.author.remove(2) #可以为id 6 book.author.remove(*[1,2,3,4]) #可以为列表,前面加* 7 8 #反向 9 author = models.Author.objects.filter(id=1) 10 author.book_set.clear() #清空与boy中id=1 关联的所有数据
3.改（update和save）：
update方法直接设定对应属性
# models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').update(gender='0') # 将指定条件的数据更新，均支持 **kwargs
save方法会将所有属性重新设定一遍,效率低
# obj = models.Tb1.objects.get(id=1) # obj.c1 = '111' # obj.save() # 修改单条数据
查询：
1 # 获取个数 2 # 3 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').count() 4 5 # 大于，小于 6 # 7 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gt=1) # 获取id大于1的值 8 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gte=1) # 获取id大于等于1的值 9 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10) # 获取id小于10的值 10 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lte=10) # 获取id小于10的值 11 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10, id__gt=1) # 获取id大于1 且 小于10的值 12 13 # in 14 # 15 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__in=[11, 22, 33]) # 获取id等于11、22、33的数据 16 # models.Tb1.objects.exclude(id__in=[11, 22, 33]) # not in 17 18 # isnull 19 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__isnull=True) 20 21 # contains 22 # 23 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__contains="ven") 24 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__icontains="ven") # icontains大小写不敏感 25 # models.Tb1.objects.exclude(name__icontains="ven") 26 27 # range 28 # 29 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__range=[1, 2]) # 范围bettwen and 30 31 # 其他类似 32 # 33 # startswith，istartswith, endswith, iendswith, 34 35 # order by 36 # 37 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('id') # asc 38 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('-id') # desc 39 40 # group by 41 # 42 # from django.db.models import Count, Min, Max, Sum 43 # models.Tb1.objects.filter(c1=1).values('id').annotate(c=Count('num')) 44 # SELECT "app01_tb1"."id", COUNT("app01_tb1"."num") AS "c" FROM "app01_tb1" WHERE "app01_tb1"."c1" = 1 GROUP BY "app01_tb1"."id" 45 46 # limit 、offset 47 # 48 # models.Tb1.objects.all()[10:20] 49 50 # regex正则匹配，iregex 不区分大小写 51 # 52 # Entry.objects.get(title__regex=r'^(An?|The) +') 53 # Entry.objects.get(title__iregex=r'^(an?|the) +') 54 55 # date 56 # 57 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1)) 58 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date__gt=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1)) 59 60 # year 61 # 62 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005) 63 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year__gte=2005) 64 65 # month 66 # 67 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month=12) 68 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month__gte=6) 69 70 # day 71 # 72 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day=3) 73 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day__gte=3) 74 75 # week_day 76 # 77 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=2) 78 # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day__gte=2) 79 80 # hour 81 # 82 # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour=23) 83 # Event.objects.filter(time__hour=5) 84 # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour__gte=12) 85 86 # minute 87 # 88 # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute=29) 89 # Event.objects.filter(time__minute=46) 90 # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute__gte=29) 91 92 # second 93 # 94 # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__second=31) 95 # Event.objects.filter(time__second=2) 96 # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__second__gte=31)