Python3 xml模块的增删改查

xml数据示例

<data>

    <country name="Liechtenstein">

        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>

        <year updated_by="Alex">2009</year>

        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>

        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />

        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />

    </country>

    <country name="Singapore">

        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>

        <year updated_by="Alex">2012</year>

        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>

        <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" />

    </country>

    <country name="Panama">

        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>

        <year updated_by="Alex">2012</year>

        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>

        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />

        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />

        <info>

            <population>8</population>

            <size>960</size>

        </info>

    </country>

</data>

xml数据处理

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 
'''xml 数据的处理 '''

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")

root = tree.getroot() #数据内存地址

print(root.tag)  #标签
 
'''遍历所有数据'''

for i in root:

    print(i.tag,i.attrib)  #attrib 获取属性名

    for k in i:

        print(k.tag,k.attrib,k.text) #text 文本内容
 
''' 遍历某一个标签的值 '''

for ta in root.iter("year"):

    print(ta.tag,ta.attrib,ta.text)

XML数据的创建

'''xml 数据的创建 '''

new_xml = ET.Element("personinfolist") #Element 根节点

personinfo = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "personinfo", attrib={"enrolled": "yes"})

name = ET.SubElement(personinfo, "name")  #SubElement 子节点

name.text = "Alex Li"

age = ET.SubElement(personinfo, "age", attrib={"checked": "no"})

sex = ET.SubElement(personinfo, "sex")

age.text = '56'

personinfo2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "personinfo", attrib={"enrolled": "no"})

name = ET.SubElement(personinfo2, "name")

name.text = "Oldboy Ran"

age = ET.SubElement(personinfo2, "age")

age.text = '19'
 
et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)  # 生成文档对象

et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)
""" xml_declaration 声明xml文件类型 """

ET.dump(new_xml)  # 打印生成的格式

XML数据的修改

'''xml 数据的修改 '''

for node in root.iter('year'):

    new_year = int(node.text) + 1

    node.text = str(new_year)

    node.set("updated_by", "Alex")

tree.write("xmltest.xml")
 
# 删除node

for country in root.findall('country'):

    rank = int(country.find('rank').text)

    if rank > 50:

        root.remove(country)

tree.write('output.xml')