.NET导入导出Excel方法总结

最近，应项目的需求，需要实现Excel的导入导出功能，对于Web架构的Excel导入导出功能，比较传统的实现方式是：

1）导入Excel：将Excel文件上传到服务器的某一文件夹下，然后在服务端完成Excel的读取及数据的存储；

2）导出Excel：在服务端生成需要导出的Excel，然后下载到客户端。

其中，文件的上传和下载本文不在详述，以下主要写一些DataTable或DataSet与Excel之间的相互转换。

转换方式多种多样，网上也有很多前辈分享的代码实现，本文也借鉴了前辈的诸多思路及代码，具体方法如下：

1. DCOM方式

使用DCOM方式实现Excel的导入导出功能，首先需要在服务端安装office软件。

具体实现代码如下：

1）数据导出到Excel

    public class ExportExcel : IDisposable
    {
        private Excel.ApplicationClass excelApp;
        private Excel.Workbook workBook;
        private Excel.Worksheet workSheet;
        private Excel.Range range;

        public void DataTableToExcel(DataTable sourceTable, string fileName)
        {
            excelApp = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
            if (excelApp == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("打开Excel程序错误！");
            }

            workBook = excelApp.Workbooks.Add(true);
            workSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)workBook.Worksheets[1];
            int rowIndex = 0;          

            //写入列名
            ++rowIndex;
            for (int i = 0; i < sourceTable.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                workSheet.Cells[rowIndex, i + 1] = sourceTable.Columns[i].ColumnName;
            }
            range = workSheet.get_Range(workSheet.Cells[rowIndex, 1], workSheet.Cells[rowIndex, sourceTable.Columns.Count]);

            FontStyle headerStyle = new FontStyle
            {
                FontSize = 30,
                BordersValue = 1,
                FontBold = true,
                EntireColumnAutoFit = true
            };
            FontStyleHelper.SetFontStyleForRange(range, headerStyle);

            //写入数据
            ++rowIndex;
            for (int r = 0; r < sourceTable.Rows.Count; r++)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < sourceTable.Columns.Count; i++)
                {
                    workSheet.Cells[rowIndex, i + 1] = ExportHelper.ConvertToCellData(sourceTable, r, i);
                }
                rowIndex++;
            }
            range = workSheet.get_Range(workSheet.Cells[2, 1], workSheet.Cells[sourceTable.Rows.Count + 1, sourceTable.Columns.Count]);
            FontStyle bodyStyle = new FontStyle
            {
                FontSize = 16,
                BordersValue = 1,
                FontAlign = Infrastruction.FontAlign.Right,
                EntireColumnAutoFit = true
            };
            FontStyleHelper.SetFontStyleForRange(range, bodyStyle);

            //只保存一个sheet页
            //workSheet.SaveAs(fileName, Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
            //        Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
            //保存整个Excel
            workBook.SaveAs(fileName, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
                    Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
            workBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
            excelApp.Quit();

            Dispose();
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            GC.Collect();
            BaseExcel.Dispose(excelApp, workSheet, workBook, range);
        }
    }

View Code