一. RabbitMQ队列
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#消息中间件 -消息队列 - 异步 提交的任务不需要实时得到结果或回应
python线程Q 实现了在同一个进程间不同线程间的交互python线程Q 也可以实现进程间Q的通信 |
a. 安装
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#Centos7 安装#注意/etc/hosts文件 ip和主机名对应wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/rabbitmq_v3_6_10/rabbitmq-server-3.6.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm
yum install epel-release -y
yum install rabbitmq-server-3.6.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
cp /usr/share/doc/rabbitmq-server-3.6.10/rabbitmq.config.example /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config
systemctl restart rabbitmq-server
systemctl status rabbitmq-server
#创建用户 授权rabbitmqctl add_user alex alex3714rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / alex ".*" ".*" ".*"
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启动失败：
[root@openstack ~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service Job for rabbitmq-server.service failed. See ‘systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service’ and ‘journalctl -xn’ for details. [root@openstack ~]# systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service rabbitmq-server.service – RabbitMQ broker Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; enabled) Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 六 2016-04-30 23:19:21 CST; 8s ago Process: 3593 ExecStop=/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmqctl stop (code=exited, status=2) Process: 3563 ExecStart=/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmq-server (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) Main PID: 3563 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE) 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: * epmd reports: node ‘rabbit’ not running at all 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: no other nodes on openstack 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: * suggestion: start the node 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: current node details: 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: – node name: rabbitmqctl3593@openstack 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: – home dir: /var/lib/rabbitmq 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack rabbitmqctl[3593]: – cookie hash: DuHinHyRsf96Yx7NcAaAuQ== 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service: control process exited, code=exited status=2 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack systemd[1]: Failed to start RabbitMQ broker. 4月 30 23:19:21 openstack systemd[1]: Unit rabbitmq-server.service entered failed state.
解决办法：
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5672/tcp firewall-cmd --reload setsebool -P nis_enabled 1
systemctl start rabbitmq-server再次启动:
[root@oldboy_zny rabbitmq]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server
[root@oldboy_zny rabbitmq]# systemctl status rabbitmq-server
rabbitmq-server.service - RabbitMQ broker
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2018-03-05 10:33:48 CST; 8s ago
Process: 22014 ExecStop=/usr/sbin/rabbitmqctl stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 22152 (beam)
Status: "Initialized"
CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq-server.service
├─22152 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-5.10.4/bin/beam -W w -A 64 -P 1048576 -t 5000000 -stbt db -zdbbl 32000 -K true -- -root /usr/lib64/erlang...
├─22441 inet_gethost 4
└─22442 inet_gethost 4
3月 05 10:33:47 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: ## ##
3月 05 10:33:47 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: ########## Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@oldboy_zny.log
3月 05 10:33:47 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: ###### ## /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@oldboy_zny-sasl.log
3月 05 10:33:47 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: ##########
3月 05 10:33:47 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: Starting broker...
3月 05 10:33:48 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: systemd unit for activation check: "bin"
3月 05 10:33:48 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: 'systemctl' unavailable, falling back to sleep
3月 05 10:33:48 oldboy_zny systemd[1]: Started RabbitMQ broker.
3月 05 10:33:49 oldboy_zny python[22447]: SELinux is preventing /usr/bin/bash from getattr access on the file .
***** Plugin catchall (100. confidence) suggests **************************...
3月 05 10:33:53 oldboy_zny rabbitmq-server[22152]: completed with 6 plugins.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
b. 创建用户 授权
#远程连接rabbitmq server的话,需要配置权限 #创建用户 rabbitmqctl add_user alex alex3714 #同时还要配置权限，允许从外面访问 rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / alex ".*" ".*" ".*" set_permissions [-p vhost] {user} {conf} {write} {read} vhost The name of the virtual host to which to grant the user access, defaulting to /. user The name of the user to grant access to the specified virtual host. conf A regular expression matching resource names for which the user is granted configure permissions. write A regular expression matching resource names for which the user is granted write permissions. read A regular expression matching resource names for which the user is granted read permissions.
c. python rabbitMQ module 安装
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pip install pikaoreasy_install pikaor源码 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pika
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二. 事例
参考博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/8507109.html
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注意: 一般申明队列(如下代码)只需要在服务端申明,但客户端也可以申明,是防止如果服务端没有启动,客户端先启动后没有队列会报错 此时服务端如果有相同代码,会检查,如果有相同队列就不创建
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
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a. 服务端和客户端一对一
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#查看队列 # rabbitmqctl list_queues
#客户端再次申明队列是因为客户端要清楚去哪里取数据 channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
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import pika credentials = pika.PlainCredentials("egon","egon123") #授权的账号 密码 connection = pika.BlockingConnection( pika.ConnectionParameters('192.168.11.106',credentials=credentials)) #建立socket channel = connection.channel() #创建rabbitmq协议通道 channel.queue_declare(queue='hello') #通过通道生成一个队列 channel.basic_publish(exchange='', routing_key='hello', #队列 body='Hello World!') #内容 print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'") connection.close()