一、算术运算符：
练习：
+ 加法 两个对象相加 1 + 2得到3；'a' + 'b'得到'ab'。 - 减法 一个数减去另一个数或者是负数 5 - 3得到2；-2得到一个负数 * 乘法 两个数相乘或者返回一个被重复若干次的字符串 -5.2得到一个负数。50 - 24得到26。 ** 幂 返回x的y次幂 3 ** 4得到81（即3 * 3 * 3 * 3） / 除 x除以y 4/3得到1（整数的除法得到整数结果）。4.0/3或4/3.0得到1.3333333333333333 // 取整除 返回商的整数部分 4 // 3.0得到1.0 % 取模 返回除法的余数 8%3得到2。-25.5%2.25得到1.5
二、比较运算符
<< 左移 把一个数的比特向左移一定数目（每个数在内存中都表示为比特或二进制数字，即0和1） 2 << 2得到8。——2按比特表示为10 >> 右移 把一个数的比特向右移一定数目 11 >> 1得到5。——11按比特表示为1011，向右移动1比特后得到101，即十进制的5。 ~ 按位翻转 x的按位翻转是-(x+1) ~5得到-6 < 小于 返回x是否小于y。所有比较运算符返回1表示真，返回0表示假。这分别与特殊的变量True和False等价。注意，这些变量名的大写 5 < 3返回0（即False）而3 < 5返回1（即True）。比较可以被任意连接：3 < 5 < 7返回True > 大于 返回x是否大于y 5 > 3返回True。如果两个操作数都是数字，它们首先被转换为一个共同的类型。否则，它总是返回False。 <= 小于等 返回x是否小于等于y x = 3; y = 6; x <= y返回True == 等于 比较对象是否相等 x = 2; y = 2; x == y返回True。x = 'str'; y = 'stR'; x == y返回False。x = 'str'; y = 'str'; x == y返回True。 != 不等于 比较两个对象是否不相等 x = 2; y = 3; x != y返回True
三、赋值运算符：
四、逻辑运算符：
not 布尔“非” 如果x为True，返回False。如果x为False，它返回True。 x = True; not x返回False and 布尔“与” 如果x为False，x and y返回False，否则它返回y的计算值 x = False; y = True; x and y，由于x是False，返回False。在这里，Python不会计算y，因为它知道这个表达式的值肯定是False（因为x是False）。这个现象称为短路计算。 or 布尔“或” 如果x是True，它返回True，否则它返回y的计算值。 x = True; y = False; x or y返回True。短路计算在这里也适用。
五、成员运算符：
六、身份运算：
基本数据类型：
一、整型(数字)：int
Python可以处理任意大小的正负整数，但是实际中跟我们计算机的内存有关，在32位机器上，整数的位数为32位，取值范围为-2**31～2**31-1，在64位系统上，整数的位数为64位，取值范围为-2**63～2**63-1。
a=4
print(a.bit_length()) # 4在二进制中可以用最少3位 100 来表示4，所以输出3
print(int('4')) #将字符串4转换成整数4
# int还可下面的将二进制的字符串转换成整数， base=2 代表前面的字符串是二进制。
print(int('1010',base=2)) # 输出10
class int(object): """ int(x=0) -> int or long int(x, base=10) -> int or long Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero. If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead. If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. >>> int('0b100', base=0) """ def bit_length(self): """ 返回表示该数字的时占用的最少位数 """ """ int.bit_length() -> int Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary. >>> bin(37) '0b100101' >>> (37).bit_length() """ return 0 def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 返回该复数的共轭复数 """ """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """ pass def __abs__(self): """ 返回绝对值 """ """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """ pass def __add__(self, y): """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ pass def __and__(self, y): """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """ pass def __cmp__(self, y): """ 比较两个数大小 """ """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """ pass def __coerce__(self, y): """ 强制生成一个元组 """ """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """ pass def __divmod__(self, y): """ 相除，得到商和余数组成的元组 """ """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """ pass def __div__(self, y): """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """ pass def __float__(self): """ 转换为浮点类型 """ """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """ pass def __floordiv__(self, y): """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """ pass def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown pass def __getattribute__(self, name): """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ pass def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 内部调用 __new__方法或创建对象时传入参数使用 """ pass def __hash__(self): """如果对象object为哈希表类型，返回对象object的哈希值。哈希值为整数。在字典查找中，哈希值用于快速比较字典的键。两个数值如果相等，则哈希值也相等。""" """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """ pass def __hex__(self): """ 返回当前数的 十六进制 表示 """ """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """ pass def __index__(self): """ 用于切片，数字无意义 """ """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """ pass def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__ """ 构造方法，执行 x = 123 或 x = int(10) 时，自动调用，暂时忽略 """ """ int(x=0) -> int or long int(x, base=10) -> int or long Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero. If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead. If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. >>> int('0b100', base=0) # (copied from class doc) """ pass def __int__(self): """ 转换为整数 """ """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """ pass def __invert__(self): """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """ pass def __long__(self): """ 转换为长整数 """ """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """ pass def __lshift__(self, y): """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """ pass def __mod__(self, y): """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """ pass def __mul__(self, y): """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """ pass def __neg__(self): """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """ pass @staticmethod # known case of __new__ def __new__(S, *more): """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ pass def __nonzero__(self): """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """ pass def __oct__(self): """ 返回改值的 八进制 表示 """ """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """ pass def __or__(self, y): """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """ pass def __pos__(self): """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """ pass def __pow__(self, y, z=None): """ 幂，次方 """ """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ pass def __radd__(self, y): """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """ pass def __rand__(self, y): """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """ pass def __rdivmod__(self, y): """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """ pass def __rdiv__(self, y): """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """ pass def __repr__(self): """转化为解释器可读取的形式 """ """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ pass def __str__(self): """转换为人阅读的形式，如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话，则返回解释器课阅读的形式""" """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """ pass def __rfloordiv__(self, y): """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """ pass def __rlshift__(self, y): """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """ pass def __rmod__(self, y): """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """ pass def __rmul__(self, y): """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """ pass def __ror__(self, y): """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """ pass def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ pass def __rrshift__(self, y): """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """ pass def __rshift__(self, y): """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """ pass def __rsub__(self, y): """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """ pass def __rtruediv__(self, y): """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """ pass def __rxor__(self, y): """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """ pass def __sub__(self, y): """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """ pass def __truediv__(self, y): """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """ pass def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): """ 返回数值被截取为整形的值，在整形中无意义 """ pass def __xor__(self, y): """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """ pass denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 分母 = 1 """ """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms""" imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 虚数，无意义 """ """the imaginary part of a complex number""" numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 分子 = 数字大小 """ """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms""" real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 实属，无意义 """ """the real part of a complex number"""