IntentFilter
简述:结构化描述intent匹配的信息。包含:action,categories and data(via type,scheme ,path),还有priority, to order multiple matching filters.
       IntentFilter 中如果action为空,则视为通配符,如果type为空,则intent必须不设type,否则匹配不上。
       data被分为3个属性:type,scheme,authority/path 任何设置的属性intent必须匹配上。
                           设置了scheme 而没设type,则intent也必须类似,不能设置type,也不能是content: URI.
                           设置了type而没设scheme:将匹配上没有URI的intent,或者content:,file:的uri。
                           设置了authority:必须指定一个或多个相关联的schemes
                           设置了path:唏嘘指定一个或多个相关联的schemes
       匹配规则:
           IntentFilter 匹配Intent的上的条件:
           Action : 值相同 ,或则IntentFilter未指定action.
           DataType:. 系统通过调用Intent.resolve(ContentResolver)获取type,通配符*
                     在Intent/IntentFilter的MIME type中使用,区分大小写
           DataScheme:系统通过调用Intent. getData() and Uri.getScheme())获取scheme, 区分大小写
           DataAuthority:必须有一个dataScheme匹配上且authority值匹配上,或者IntentFilter没有定义。 Intent. getData() and Uri.getAuthority()获取authority.
           DataPath: scheme and authority必须先匹配上 ntent. getData() and Uri.getPath(),获取. 或者IntentFilter没有定义
           Categories:all of the categories in the Intent match categories given in the filter 多余的Categorie,不影响intent匹配,如果IntentFilter
                  没有指定Categorie,则只能匹配上没有Categorie的intent。

常用intent列表:
Android Intent 用法汇总
显示网页
- <activity android:name="BrowserActivity" android:label="Browser" android:launchMode="singleTask" android:alwaysRetainTaskState="true" android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden" android:theme="@style/BrowserTheme">
- <!--
For these schemes were not particular MIME type has been
                 supplied, we are a good candidate.
  -->
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
  <data android:scheme="http" />
  <data android:scheme="https" />
  <data android:scheme="about" />
  </intent-filter>
- <!--
  For these schemes where any of these particular MIME types
                  have been supplied, we are a good candidate.
  -->
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  <data android:scheme="http" />
  <data android:scheme="https" />
  <data android:mimeType="text/html" />
  <data android:mimeType="text/plain" />
  <data android:mimeType="application/xhtml+xml" />
  <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.wap.xhtml+xml" />
  </intent-filter>
- <!--
We are also the main entry point of the browser.
  -->
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
  </intent-filter>
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.WEB_SEARCH" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
  <data android:scheme="" />
  <data android:scheme="http" />
  <data android:scheme="https" />
  </intent-filter>
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.WEB_SEARCH" />
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.MEDIA_SEARCH" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  </intent-filter>
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  </intent-filter>
  <meta-data android:name="android.app.searchable" android:resource="@xml/searchable" />
- <intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.net.http.NETWORK_STATE" />
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.PROXY_CHANGE" />
  </intent-filter>
  </activity>

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://google.com");  
   2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);  
   3. startActivity(it); 

显示地图

   1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476");  
   2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);   
   3. startActivity(it);   
   4. //其他 geo URI 範例  
   5. //geo:latitude,longitude  
   6. //geo:latitude,longitude?z=zoom  
   7. //geo:0,0?q=my+street+address  
   8. //geo:0,0?q=business+near+city  
   9. //google.streetview:cbll=lat,lng&cbp=1,yaw,,pitch,zoom&mz=mapZoom 



路径规划

   1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en");  
   2. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);  
   3. startActivity(it);  
   4. //where startLat, startLng, endLat, endLng are a long with 6 decimals like: 50.123456  


打电话
   1. //叫出拨号程序 
   2. Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:0800000123");  
   3. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);  
   4. startActivity(it);  

   1. //直接打电话出去  
   2. Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:0800000123");  
   3. Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, uri);  
   4. startActivity(it);  
   5. //用這個,要在 AndroidManifest.xml 中,加上  
   6. //<uses-permission , strPackageName, null); 
2.        Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);   
3.        startActivity(it); 

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