一、int的函数说明(部分函数Python2特有,Python3已删除,部分函数Python3新增;)
class int(object): """ int(x=0) -> int or long int(x=0) -> integer (Python3) Python2和Python3的用法一致,在Python2中,主要将数字或字符串转换为整数,如果没有给出参数,则返回0;如果x是浮点数,则先截断小数点在进行转换;如果x在整数范围之外,函数将返回long;在Python3中,主要将一个数字或字符串转换为整数,如果没有参数,返回0;如果x是一个数,返回X __int__();如果x是浮点数,则先截断小数点在进行转换; 例如(python2): >>> int() >>> int(1.9) >>> int(2**63) 9223372036854775808L >>> int(x = 0) >>> int(x = 1.9) >>> int(x = 2**63) 9223372036854775808L 例如(python3): >>> int() >>> int(1.9) >>> int(2**63) >>> int(x = 0) >>> int(x = 1.9) >>> int(x = 2**63) int(x, base=10) -> int or long int(x, base=10) -> integer Python2和Python3的用法一致,主要将浮点数或数字字符串转换为整数,如果参数x不是一个数字,必须是字符串、数组bytes或bytearray类型,可以在x可以在前面加上“+”或“-”来表示正数及负数;base参数必须是整数,表示字符串参数的进制,有效值为0和2-36,默认10就是表示使用十进制;当它是2时,表示二进制的字符串转换。当它是8时,表示是八进制的字符串转换。当它是16时,表示是十六进制的字符串转换。当它是0时,它表示不是0进制,而是按照十进制进行转换; 例如: >>> int('100',base = 2) >>> int('100',base = 0) >>> int('100',base = 8) >>> int('100',base = 10) >>> int('a',base = 10) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'a' 不是数字字符串会产生报错; >>> int('-100',base = 8) -64 >>> int('+100',base = 8) """ def bit_length(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ int.bit_length() -> int 返回表示该数字的时占用的最少位数; 例如: >>> int(10) >>> (10).bit_length() >>> bin(10) '0b1010' """ return 0 def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 返回该复数的共轭复数; """ pass def from_bytes(cls, bytes, byteorder, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ """ int.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> int (Python3新增) 返回给定的字节数组所表示的整数; bytes参数必须是一个类似字节的对象(例如字节或bytearray); byteorder参数确定用于表示整数的字节顺序。如果字节序是'big',最高有效字节排在在字节数组最开始。如果字节序是'little',则最高有效字节排在字节数组的结尾。如果要要求按照主机系统的本地字节顺序排序,则需使用'sys.byteorder'作为字节顺序值; signed参数指示是否使用二进制补码表示整数; 例如: >>> int.from_bytes(b'\x00\x10', byteorder='big') >>> int.from_bytes(b'\x00\x10', byteorder='little') >>> int.from_bytes(b'\xfc\x00', byteorder='big', signed=True) -1024 >>> int.from_bytes(b'\xfc\x00', byteorder='big', signed=False) >>> int.from_bytes([255, 0, 0], byteorder='big') """ pass def to_bytes(self, length, byteorder, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ """ int.to_bytes(length, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> bytes (Python3新增) 返回一个表示整数的字节数组; 用字节长度表示整数。如果整数不能用给定的字节数表示,则会引发OverflowError; byteorder参数确定用于表示整数的字节顺序。如果字节序是'big',最高有效字节排在在字节数组最开始。如果字节序是'little',则最高有效字节排在字节数组的结尾。如果要要求按照主机系统的本地字节顺序排序,则需使用'sys.byteorder'作为字节顺序值; signed参数确定是否使用二进制补码表示整数。如果signed是False,并给出一个负整数,则会引发一个OverflowError。 signed的默认值为False; 例如: >>> (1024).to_bytes(2, byteorder='big') b'\x04\x00' >>> (1024).to_bytes(10, byteorder='big') b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x04\x00' >>> (-1024).to_bytes(10, byteorder='big', signed=True) b'\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfc\x00' >>> x = 1000 >>> x.to_bytes((x.bit_length() + 7) // 8, byteorder='little') b'\xe8\x03 >>> (-1024).to_bytes(10, byteorder='big') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> OverflowError: can't convert negative int to unsigned """ pass def __abs__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__abs__() 等同于 abs(x) 返回绝对值,参数可以是:负数、正数、浮点数或者长整形; 例如: >>> x = -2 >>> x.__abs__() >>> abs(x) """ pass def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__add__(y) 等同于 x+y 加法; 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 4 >>> x.__add__(y) >>> x + y """ pass def __and__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__and__(y) 等同于 x&y 按位与; 例如: >>> x = 60 >>> y = 13 >>> bin(x) '0b111100' >>> bin(y) '0b1101' >>> x.__and__(y) >>> x & y """ pass def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 比较两个对象x和y,如果x < y ,返回负数;x == y, 返回0;x > y,返回正数; 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> y = 20 >>> x.__cmp__(y) -1 >>> y.__cmp__(x) >>> cmp(x,y) -1 >>> cmp(y,x) >>> y = 10 >>> x.__cmp__(y) >>> cmp(x,y) """ pass def __coerce__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 强制生成一个元组; 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> y = 20 >>> x.__coerce__(y) (10, 20) >>> coerce(x,y) (10, 20) """ pass def __bool__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ self != 0 (Python3新增) 布尔型判断; 例如: >>> a = True >>> b = False >>> a.__bool__() True >>> b.__bool__() False >>> x = 0 >>> b = x > 1 >>> b.__bool__() False """ pass def __ceil__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 返回数字的上入整数,如果数值是小数,则返回的数值是整数加一,配合math函数使用; (Python3新增) 例如: >>> import math >>> math.ceil(4.1) """ def __divmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__divmod__(y) 等同于 divmod(x, y) 数字相除,将商和余数返回一个数组,相当于 x//y ,返回(商,余数) 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> y = 11 >>> x.__divmod__(y) (0, 10) >>> divmod(x,y) (0, 10) """ pass def __div__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__div__(y) 等同于 x/y (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 数字相除,返回商; 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> y = 9 >>> x.__div__(y) >>> div(x,y) >>> x / y """ pass def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return self==value. (Python3新增) 用于判断数值是否相等,返回布尔值,等价于 x == y; 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> y = 11 >>> x.__eq__(y) False >>> z = 10 >>> x.__eq__(z) True """ pass def __float__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) 转换为浮点类型,即小数型; 例如: >>> x = 1.4 >>> x.__float__() 1.4 >>> float(x) 1.4 >>> y = 2 >>> y.__float__() 2.0 >>> float(y) 2.0 """ pass def __floordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__floordiv__(y) 等同于 x//y 用于数字相除取其商,例如, 4//3 返回 1; 例如: >>> x = 9 >>> y = 7 >>> x.__floordiv__(y) >>> x // y """ pass def __floor__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Flooring an Integral returns itself. (Python3新增) 返回数字的下舍整数,配合math函数使用; 例如: >>> import math >>> x = 1.54 >>> math.floor(x) """ pass def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 无意义; """ pass def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__getattribute__('name') 等同于 x.name """ pass def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 内部调用 __new__方法或创建对象时传入参数使用; """ pass def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return self>=value. (Python3新增) 数字判断大于等于,相当于 x >= y,返回布尔值; 例如: >>> x = 4 >>> y = 4 >>> x.__ge__(y) True >>> x >= y True >>> x = 5 >>> x.__ge__(y) True >>> x >= y True >>> y = 7 >>> x.__ge__(y) False >>> x >= y False """ pass def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return self>value. (Python3新增) 数字大于判断,相当于 x > y,返回布尔值; 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> y = 9 >>> x.__gt__(y) True >>> y.__gt__(x) False >>> x > y True >>> y < x False >>> x = 4 >>> y = 4 >>> x > y False >>> x.__gt__(y) False """ pass def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) 如果对象object为哈希表类型,返回对象object的哈希值。哈希值为整数。在字典查找中,哈希值用于快速比较字典的键。两个数值如果相等,则哈希值也相等; """ pass def __hex__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__hex__() 等同于 hex(x) 返回当前数的十六进制表示; (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 例如: >>> x = 100 >>> x.__hex__() '0x64' >>> hex(x) '0x64' """ pass def __index__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] 用于切片,数字无意义; """ pass def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__ """ 构造方法,执行 x = 123 或 x = int(10) 时,自动调用; """ pass def __int__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__int__() 等同于 int(x) 转换为整数; """ pass def __invert__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__invert__() 等同于 ~x 数字取反操作; 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> x.__invert__() -11 >>> ~x -11 """ pass def __long__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__long__() 等同于 long(x) 转换为长整数; (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 例如: >>> x = 10 >>> x.__long__() 10L >>> long(x) 10L """ pass def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return self<=value. (Python3新增) 数字小于等于判断,相当于 x <= y,返回布尔值; 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 4 >>> x.__le__(y) True >>> x <= y True >>> y.__le__(x) False >>> y <= x False >>> y = 2 >>> x.__le__(y) True >>> x <= y True """ pass def __lshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__lshift__(y) 等同于 x<<y 实现一个位左移操作的功能,即x向左移动y位; 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 1 >>> bin(x) '0b10' >>> x.__lshift__(y) >>> z = x.__lshift__(y) >>> bin(y) '0b100' >>> y = 2 >>> z = x.__lshift__(y) >>> x.__lshift__(y) >>> bin(z) '0b1000' """ pass def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return self<value. 数字小于判断,相当于 x < y,返回布尔值; (Python3新增) 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 4 >>> x.__lt__(y) True >>> x < y True >>> y.__lt__(x) False >>> y < x False """ pass def __mod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__mod__(y) 等同于 x%y 实现一个“%”操作符代表的取模操作; 例如: >>> x = 7 >>> y = 3 >>> x.__mod__(y) >>> x % y """ pass def __mul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__mul__(y) 等同于 x*y 实现乘法; 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 4 >>> x.__mul__(y) >>> x * y """ pass def __neg__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__neg__() 等同于 -x 数字取负操作; 例如: >>> x = 3 >>> x.__neg__() -3 >>> -x -3 """ pass @staticmethod # known case of __new__ def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T __new__方法接受的参数虽然也是和__init__一样,但__init__是在类实例创建之后调用,而__new__方法正是创建这个类实例的方法;__new__方法主要是当你继承一些不可变的class时(比如int, str, tuple),提供给你一个自定义这些类的实例化过程的途径; """ pass def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ Return self!=value. 数字不相等判断,相当于x != y,返回布尔值; (Python3新增) 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 4 >>> x.__ne__(y) True >>> x != y True >>> y =2 >>> x.__ne__(y) False >>> x != y False """ pass def __nonzero__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__nonzero__() 等同于 x != 0 数字不等于0判断,相当于x != 0,返回布尔值; (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> x.__nonzero__() True >>> x != 0 True >>> x = 0 >>> x.__nonzero__() False >>> x != 0 False """ pass def __oct__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__oct__() 等同于 oct(x) 返回当前数的八进制表示; (Python2特有,Python3已删除) 例如: >>> x = 17 >>> x.__oct__() '021' >>> oct(x) '021' """ pass def __or__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__or__(y) 等同于 x|y 按位或; 例如: >>> x = 3 >>> y = 5 >>> bin(x) '0b11' >>> bin(y) '0b101' >>> x.__or__(y) >>> x|y >>> a = x.__or__(y) >>> bin(a) '0b111' """ pass def __pos__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__pos__() 等同于 +x 数字取正操作; """ pass def __pow__(self, y, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) 等同于 pow(x, y[, z]) 幂,次方,计算x的y次方,如果z在存在,则再对结果进行取模,其结果等效于pow(x,y) %z,也可以配合math函数使用;pow()通过内置的方法直接调用,内置方法会把参数作为整型,而math模块则会把参数转换为float; 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 4 >>> pow(x,y) >>> z = 3 >>> pow(x,y,z) >>> import math >>> math.pow(x,y) 16.0 """ pass def __radd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__radd__(y) 等同于 y+x 右加法; 例如: >>> x = 2 >>> y = 1 >>> x.__radd__(y) >>> y + x """ pass def __rand__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rand__(y) 等同于 y&x 按位右与; 例如: >>> x = 63 >>> y = 13 >>> bin(x) '0b111111' >>> bin(y) '0b1101' >>> x.__rand__(y) >>> y & x >>> a = x.__rand__(y) >>> bin(a) '0b1101' >>> a = x & y >>> bin(a) '0b1101' """ pass def __rdivmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rdivmod__(y) 等同于 divmod(y, x) 数字相除,将商和余数返回一个数组,相当于 y//x ,返回(商,余数) """ pass def __rdiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rdiv__(y) 等同于 y/x 数字相除,返回商; (Python2特有,Python3已删除) """ pass def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__repr__() 等同于 repr(x) 转化为解释器可读取的形式,即转换为字符串类型; 例如: >>> x = 2.0 >>> repr(x) '2.0' >>> a = repr(x) >>> type(a) <type 'str'> """ pass def __rfloordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) 等同于 y//x 用于数字相除取其商; """ pass def __rlshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rlshift__(y) 等同于 y<<x 实现一个位左移操作的功能,即y向左移动x位; 例如: >>> x = 1 >>> y = 2 >>> bin(y) '0b10' >>> x.__rlshift__(y) >>> z = x.__rlshift__(y) >>> bin(z) '0b100' >>> z = y << x >>> bin(z) '0b100' >>> x = 2 >>> z = x.__rlshift__(y) >>> bin(z) '0b1000' """ pass def __rmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rmod__(y) 等同于 y%x 实现一个右“%”操作符代表的取模操作; """ pass def __rmul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rmul__(y) 等同于 y*x 实现右乘法; """ pass def __ror__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__ror__(y) 等同于 y|x 按位右或; """ pass def __round__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ x.__rount__() 等同于 round( x [, n] ) 返回浮点数x的四舍五入值,n参数表示保留的小数点位数; (Python3新增) 例如: >>> x = 2.56 >>> x.__round__() >>> x.__round__(1) 2.6 >>> x.__round__(2) 2.56 >>> round(x) >>> round(x,1) 2.6 >>> round(x,2) 2.56 """ pass def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) 等同于 pow(x, y[, z]) 幂,次方,计算x的y次方,如果z在存在,则再对结果进行取模,其结果等效于pow(x,y) %z,也可以配合math函数使用;pow()通过内置的方法直接调用,内置方法会把参数作为整型,而math模块则会把参数转换为float; """ pass def __rrshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rrshift__(y) 等同于 y>>x 实现一个位右移操作的功能,即y向右移动x位; 例如: >>> x = 1 >>> y = 4 >>> bin(y) '0b100' >>> x.__rrshift__(y) >>> z = x.__rrshift__(y) >>> bin(z) '0b10' >>> y >> x >>> z = y >> x >>> bin(z) '0b10' """ pass def __rshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rshift__(y) 等同于 x>>y 实现一个位右移操作的功能,即x向右移动y位; 例如: >>> x = 4 >>> y = 1 >>> bin(x) '0b100' >>> x.__rshift__(y) >>> z = x.__rrshift__(y) >>> bin(z) '0b10' >>> x >> y >>> z = x >> y >>> bin(z) '0b10' """ pass def __rsub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rsub__(y) 等同于 y-x 右减法,相当于y减x; 例如: >>> x = 4 >>> y = 1 >>> x.__rsub__(y) -3 >>> y - x -3 """ pass def __rtruediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rtruediv__(y) 等同于 y/x 右除法,相当于y除以x; """ pass def __rxor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rxor__(y) 等同于 y^x 按位右异或,相当于y按x进行异或; """ pass def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 返回内存中的大小(以字节为单位); (Python2存在于long函数,Python3中合并进int函数) """ def __str__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__str__() 等同于 str(x) 转换为人阅读的形式,如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话,则返回解释器课阅读的形式,即转换为字符串类型; 例如: >>> x = 1 >>> x.__str__() '1' >>> a = x.__str__() >>> type(a) <type 'str'> >>> a = str(x) >>> type(a) <type 'str'> """ pass def __sub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y 减法,相当于x减y; """ pass def __truediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y 除法,相当于x除以y; """ pass def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown """ 返回数值被截取为整形的值,在整形中无意义; """ pass def __xor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__xor__(y) 等同于 x^y 按位异或,相当于x按y进行异或; """ pass denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 分母,等于1; """ imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 虚数,无意义; """ numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 分子,等于数字大小; """ real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default """ 实数,无意义; """