Python学习-day5 常用模块

 

day5主要是各种常用模块的学习

• time &datetime模块
• random
• os
• sys
• shutil
• json & picle
• shelve
• xml处理
• yaml处理
• configparser
• hashlib
• subprocess
• logging模块
• re正则表达式

time & datetime模块

#Authon Ivor

import time
#打印时间戳
print(time.time())
#打印当前时间的时间对象格式
print(time.localtime())

#字符串转换时间对象
print(time.strptime("2016-02-02 15:52:20","%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
#时间对象转换字符串
print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime()))

#时间对象转换时间戳
print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))
#时间戳转换时间对象
print(time.gmtime(time.time()))

import datetime

#打印当前日期时间
print(datetime.datetime.now())
#从时间戳转换成年月日格式
print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()))
#从时间戳转换成年月日时间格式
print(datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time()))
#对当前时间进行加减运算
print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=3))
print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(hours=-3))
#直接进行时间替换
t = datetime.datetime.now()
print(t.replace(year=2012,month=12,day=24,hour=0,minute=0,second=0))

random模块

#Authon Ivor

import random
for i in range(10):
    print(random.random())
    print(random.randint(1,5))
    print(random.randrange(1,5))

 shutil 模块

#Authon Ivor

import shutil
#拷贝文件对象
f1 = open("random mod.py")
f2 = open("random_new.py","w")
shutil.copyfileobj(f1,f2,length=1)

#拷贝文件,文件和权限，包括copyfile和copymode
shutil.copy("random mod.py","random_new.py")
#拷贝文件和状态信息，包括copyfile和copystat
shutil.copy2("random mod.py","random_new.py")

#拷贝文件，不包括权限
shutil.copyfile("random mod.py","random_new.py")
#仅拷贝文件权限,仅拷贝权限。内容、组、用户均不变
shutil.copymode("random mod.py","random_new.py")
#拷贝状态的信息，包括：mode bits, atime, mtime, flags
shutil.copystat("random mod.py","random_new.py")

#拷贝文件目录，递归拷贝
shutil.copytree()
#递归删除
shutil.rmtree()
#移动文件
shutil.move()

shutil.make_archive()
#base_name： 压缩包的文件名，也可以是压缩包的路径。只是文件名时，则保存至当前目录，否则保存至指定路径，
# 如：www                        =>保存至当前路径
# 如：/Users/wupeiqi/www =>保存至/Users/wupeiqi/
# •format： 压缩包种类，“zip”, “tar”, “bztar”，“gztar”
# •root_dir： 要压缩的文件夹路径（默认当前目录）
# •owner： 用户，默认当前用户
# •group： 组，默认当前组
# •logger： 用于记录日志，通常是logging.Logger对象

import zipfile

# 压缩
z = zipfile.ZipFile('laxi.zip', 'w')
z.write('a.log')
z.write('data.data')
z.close()

# 解压
z = zipfile.ZipFile('laxi.zip', 'r')
z.extractall()
z.close()

# zipfile 压缩解压

import tarfile

# 压缩
tar = tarfile.open('your.tar','w')
tar.add('/Users/wupeiqi/PycharmProjects/bbs2.zip', arcname='bbs2.zip')
tar.add('/Users/wupeiqi/PycharmProjects/cmdb.zip', arcname='cmdb.zip')
tar.close()

# 解压
tar = tarfile.open('your.tar','r')
tar.extractall()  # 可设置解压地址
tar.close()

json & pickle 模块

#Authon Ivor

import json
# info = {
#     "name":"Ivor",
#     "age":"27",
#}

info = ["a","b","c","f","f","g"]
with open("jsondump.json","w") as f:
    f.write(json.dumps(info))

with open("jsondump.json","w") as f:
    json.dump(info,f)


#Authon Ivor

import json
info = {
    "name":"Ivor",
    "age":"27",
}

with open("jsondump.json","r") as f:
    a = json.loads(f.read())

with open("jsondump.json","r") as f:
    b = json.load(f)

print(a,b)

#Authon Ivor
import pickle

def sayhi():
    print("Hello World!")

info = {
    "name":"Ivor",
    "func":sayhi
}

with open("pickle.pickle","wb") as f:
    f.write(pickle.dumps(info))

with open("pickle.pickle", "wb") as f:
    pickle.dump(info,f)



#Authon Ivor

import pickle

def sayhi():
    print("Hello World!")

with open("pickle.pickle","rb") as f:
    pickle.loads(f.read())

with open("pickle.pickle","rb") as f:
    pickle.load(f)

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