背景:将一个数组排序,并且打印;
1.下面使用选择排序、和冒泡排序来写:
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { int a[] = {9, 5, 3, 7, 1, 10}; DataSorter.sort(a); DataSorter.p(a); } }
DataSort:
package com.cy.dp.strategy; public class DataSorter { /** * 选择排序法 * @param a public static void sort(int[] a) { int temp; for(int i=0; i<a.length; i++){ for(int j=i+1; j<a.length; j++){ if(a[i]>a[j]){ temp = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = temp; } } } } */ /** * 冒泡排序法 * @param a */ public static void sort(int[] a) { int temp; for(int i=a.length; i>0; i--){ for(int j=0; j<i-1; j++){ if(a[j]>a[j+1]){ temp = a[j]; a[j] = a[j+1]; a[j+1] = temp; } } } } public static void p(int[] a) { for(int i=0; i<a.length; i++){ System.out.print(a[i] + " "); } System.out.println(); } }
但是上面有个问题:
sort方法里面现在只能排序int类型的;
如果我想对于float类型进行排序,怎么办?--可以重载方法sort(float[] a);
如果想对于double类型的进行排序,怎么办?--再重载一个double参数的;
因为sort方法里面a[j]和a[j+1]的int类型的,能直接比较,这还好办,但是如果现在想DataSorter对猫、狗、Car、等等...进行排序,怎么办?
2.对所有对象的数组都能够进行排序
定义比较接口Comparable:
//实现这个接口的类,表示是可以比较的 public interface Comparable { public int compareTo(Object o); }
DataSort可以排序任何类(该类实现Comparable接口),打印任何类;
写完一次排序方法,再也不用改变了;
package com.cy.dp.strategy; public class DataSorter { /** * 冒泡排序法,排序任何类型,Object类型 * 假设Object[]里面对象都实现了Comparable接口,都是可以比较大小的; * @param a */ public static void sort(Object[] a) { Object temp; for(int i=a.length; i>0; i--){ for(int j=0; j<i-1; j++){ Comparable o1 = (Comparable)a[j]; Comparable o2 = (Comparable)a[j+1]; if(o1.compareTo(o2) > 0){ temp = a[j]; a[j] = a[j+1]; a[j+1] = temp; } } } } public static void p(Object[] a) { for(int i=0; i<a.length; i++){ System.out.print(a[i] + " "); } System.out.println(); } }
Cat实现Compareble接口:
package com.cy.dp.strategy; public class Cat implements Comparable{ private int height; private int weight; public Cat(int height, int weight) { super(); this.height = height; this.weight = weight; } public int getHeight() { return height; } public void setHeight(int height) { this.height = height; } public int getWeight() { return weight; } public void setWeight(int weight) { this.weight = weight; } @Override public int compareTo(Object o) { if(o instanceof Cat){ Cat c = (Cat) o; if(this.getHeight()>c.getHeight()) return 1; else if(this.getHeight() < c.getHeight()) return -1; else return 0; } return -100; //简单写法,如果o不是cat,表示出错;实际要抛异常 } @Override public String toString() { return height + "|" + weight; } }
Dog实现Comparable接口:
package com.cy.dp.strategy; public class Dog implements Comparable{ private int food; public Dog(int food) { super(); this.food = food; } public int getFood() { return food; } public void setFood(int food) { this.food = food; } //对狗按照饭量大小进行排序 @Override public int compareTo(Object o) { Dog d = (Dog) o; if(this.food > d.getFood()) return 1; else if(this.food < d.getFood()) return -1; else return 0; } @Override public String toString() { return "Dog [food=" + food + "]"; } }