我们需要知道的是sysbench并不是一个压力测试工具，是一个基准测试工具。linux自带的版本比较低，我们需要自己安装sysbench。
[root@test2 ~]# sysbench --version sysbench 0.4.12
安装sysbench，sysbench的源码托管在GitHub上，下载源码：
unzip sysbench-master.zip #解压源码 yum -y install make automake libtool pkgconfig libaio-devel #下载依赖包 cd sysbench-master sh autogen.sh 编译： ./configure --with-mysql-includes=/usr/local/mysql/include --with-mysql-libs=/usr/local/mysql/lib #根据安装的MySQL的位置，设置目录位置 make make install 这样安装之后使用sysbench命令时会报错。 [root@test3 sysbench-master]# sysbench --version sysbench: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.20: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 解决办法： 在/etc/profile文件中加入一行： export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/mysql/lib source /etc/profile 命令可以正常使用 [root@test3 sysbench-master]# sysbench --version sysbench 1.1.0
查看sysbench的一些帮助信息：
[root@test3 ~]# sysbench --help Usage: sysbench [options]... [testname] [command] Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help General options: --threads=N number of threads to use [1] #线程的数量，默认是1 --events=N limit for total number of events [0] #限制的最大事件数量，默认是0，不限制 --time=N limit for total execution time in seconds [10] #整个测试执行的时间 --warmup-time=N #在进行基准测试多少秒之后启用统计信息--forced-shutdown=STRING #超过--time时间限制后，强制中断，默认是【off】 --thread-stack-size=SIZE size of stack per thread [64K] --thread-init-timeout=N wait time in seconds for worker threads to initialize [30] --rate=N average transactions rate. 0 for unlimited rate [0] --report-interval=N #打印出中间的信念，N表示每隔N秒打印一次，0表示禁用--report-checkpoints=[LIST,...] #转储完全统计信息并在指定时间点复位所有计数器，参数是逗号分隔值的列表，表示从必须执行报告检查点的测试开始所经过的时间（以秒为单位）。 默认情况下，报告检查点处于关闭状态[off]。--debug[=on|off] print more debugging info [off] --validate[=on|off] #在可能情况下执行验证检查，默认是[off] --help[=on|off] print help and exit [off] --version[=on|off] print version and exit [off] --config-file=FILENAME File containing command line options --luajit-cmd=STRING perform LuaJIT control command. This option is equivalent to 'luajit -j'. See LuaJIT documentation for more information
#上面是一些通用的配置信息，在具体测试某个测试时，会再详细说明参数设置
首先来进行IO测试
[root@test3 ~]# sysbench fileio help #查看IO测试的文档 sysbench 1.1.0 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3) fileio options: --file-num=N number of files to create [128] #文件的数量 --file-block-size=N block size to use in all IO operations [16384] #文件块的大小，如果要是针对INNODB的测试，可以设置为innodb_page_size的大小 --file-total-size=SIZE total size of files to create [2G] #文件的总大小 --file-test-mode=STRING test mode {seqwr【顺序写】, seqrewr【顺序读写】, seqrd【顺序读】, rndrd【随机读】, rndwr【随机写】, rndrw【随机读写】} #文件测试模式 --file-io-mode=STRING file operations mode {sync【同步】,async【异步】,mmap【map映射】} [默认为：sync] #文件的io模式 --file-async-backlog=N number of asynchronous operatons to queue per thread [128] #打开文件时的选项，这是与API相关的参数。 --file-extra-flags=[LIST,...] #打开文件时的选项，这是与API相关的参数。可选有sync，dsync，direct。--file-fsync-freq=N #执行fsync函数的频率，fsync主要是同步磁盘文件，因为可能有系统和磁盘缓冲的关系。默认为100，如果为0表示不使用fsync。 --file-fsync-all[=on|off] #每执行完一次写操作，就执行一次fsync，默认未off。--file-fsync-end[=on|off] #在测试结束时，执行fsync，默认为on。--file-fsync-mode=STRING #文件同步函数的选择，同样是和API相关的参数，由于多个操作对fdatasync支持的不同，因此不建议使用fdatasync。默认为fsync。--file-merged-requests=N #尽可能合并此数量的io请求(0-不合并)，默认为[0]。 --file-rw-ratio=N #测试时的读写比例，默认是2:1。
在使用sysbench进行测试的时候，通常分为三个步骤prepare,run,cleanup阶段。
第一步准备数据（prepare阶段）：
[root@test3 systext]# sysbench fileio --file-num=10 --file-total-size=50G prepare sysbench 1.1.0 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3) 10 files, 5242880Kb each, 51200Mb total Creating files for the test... Extra file open flags: (none) Creating file test_file.0 Creating file test_file.1 Creating file test_file.2 Creating file test_file.3 Creating file test_file.4 Creating file test_file.5 Creating file test_file.6 Creating file test_file.7 Creating file test_file.8 Creating file test_file.9 53687091200 bytes written in 489.55 seconds (104.59 MiB/sec).
#这里给出一个每秒写入的数据量104.59MB/s, 这里的写入是顺序写入的，表示磁盘的吞吐量为104.59MB/s。
【一般对顺序的读写称为吞吐量，对随机的IO使用IOPS来表示】
[root@test3 systext]# ll -h #文件大小为5个G
total 50G
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:30 test_file.0
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:31 test_file.1
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:32 test_file.2
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:32 test_file.3
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:33 test_file.4
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:34 test_file.5
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:35 test_file.6
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:36 test_file.7
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:36 test_file.8
-rw------- 1 root root 5.0G Nov 27 09:37 test_file.9
数据准备好之后，进行测试：
#这里进行随机读写测试
[root@test3 systext]# sysbench fileio --file-num=10 --file-total-size=50G --file-block-size=16384 --file-test-mode=rndrw --file-io-mode=sync --file-extra-flags=direct --time=100 --threads=16 --report-interval=10 run sysbench 1.1.0 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3) Running the test with following options: #设定的一些参数数值 Number of threads: 16 Report intermediate results every 10 second(s) Initializing random number generator from current time Extra file open flags: directio 10 files, 5GiB each 50GiB total file size Block size 16KiB Number of IO requests: 0 Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50 Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests. Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled. Using synchronous I/O mode Doing random r/w test Initializing worker threads... Threads started! [ 10s ] reads: 3.24 MiB/s writes: 2.16 MiB/s fsyncs: 34.08/s latency (ms,95%): 80.025 #每隔10s输出一次报告 [ 20s ] reads: 3.49 MiB/s writes: 2.32 MiB/s fsyncs: 36.70/s latency (ms,95%): 73.135 [ 30s ] reads: 3.45 MiB/s writes: 2.29 MiB/s fsyncs: 37.00/s latency (ms,95%): 75.817 [ 40s ] reads: 3.43 MiB/s writes: 2.29 MiB/s fsyncs: 36.00/s latency (ms,95%): 75.817 [ 50s ] reads: 3.57 MiB/s writes: 2.38 MiB/s fsyncs: 37.40/s latency (ms,95%): 73.135 [ 60s ] reads: 3.08 MiB/s writes: 2.06 MiB/s fsyncs: 32.30/s latency (ms,95%): 86.002 [ 70s ] reads: 3.41 MiB/s writes: 2.27 MiB/s fsyncs: 36.40/s latency (ms,95%): 75.817 [ 80s ] reads: 3.47 MiB/s writes: 2.31 MiB/s fsyncs: 36.20/s latency (ms,95%): 73.135 [ 90s ] reads: 3.46 MiB/s writes: 2.31 MiB/s fsyncs: 36.20/s latency (ms,95%): 77.194 [ 100s ] reads: 3.10 MiB/s writes: 2.07 MiB/s fsyncs: 33.50/s latency (ms,95%): 75.817 Throughput: read: IOPS=215.57 3.37 MiB/s (3.53 MB/s) #通常的机械磁盘随机IOPS也就是200多一点。 write: IOPS=143.72 2.25 MiB/s (2.35 MB/s) #随机写入的速度明显要低很多。 fsync: IOPS=37.13 Latency (ms): min: 0.08 avg: 40.51 max: 1000.31 95th percentile: 77.19 sum: 1601329.71
#随机读大概是2.10M/s,文件块的大小为16KB,可以大概估计磁盘转速： 2.10*1024KB*60s/16KB=7560n/m, 大概就是7500转每分
[root@test3 systext]# sysbench fileio --file-num=10 --file-total-size=50G --file-block-size=16384 --file-test-mode=seqrd --file-io-mode=sync --file-extra-flags=direct --time=100 --threads=16 --report-interval=10 run sysbench 1.1.0 (using bundled LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3) Running the test with following options: Number of threads: 16 Report intermediate results every 10 second(s) Initializing random number generator from current time Extra file open flags: directio 10 files, 5GiB each 50GiB total file size Block size 16KiB Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests. Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled. Using synchronous I/O mode Doing sequential read test Initializing worker threads... Threads started! [ 10s ] reads: 98.88 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 3.020 [ 20s ] reads: 98.64 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 3.681 [ 30s ] reads: 93.24 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 2.913 [ 40s ] reads: 89.12 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 4.028 [ 50s ] reads: 93.17 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 4.487 [ 60s ] reads: 91.98 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 4.652 [ 70s ] reads: 97.08 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 3.425 [ 80s ] reads: 93.71 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 3.020 [ 90s ] reads: 94.63 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 3.304 [ 100s ] reads: 89.57 MiB/s writes: 0.00 MiB/s fsyncs: 0.00/s latency (ms,95%): 3.364 Throughput: read: IOPS=6016.01 94.00 MiB/s (98.57 MB/s) write: IOPS=0.00 0.00 MiB/s (0.00 MB/s) fsync: IOPS=0.00 Latency (ms): min: 0.40 avg: 2.66 max: 687.00 95th percentile: 3.62 sum: 1599247.42 #测试结果可以看到顺序的读和随机读的差距还是超大的