一、heartbeat介绍
heartbeat是HA高可用集群的一个重要组件，heartbeat实现了资源转移和心跳信息传递。它的常用组合方式为heartbeat v1，heartbeat v2+crm，heartbeat v3 + pacemaker，目前版本为v3版本。
二、编译前准备
heartbeat官方站点http://hg.linux-ha.org/
Cluster Glue官方站点https://github.com/ClusterLabs/cluster-glue
Resource Agents官方站点 https://github.com/ClusterLabs/resource-agents
node1：192.168.0.15
node2：192.168.0.16
配置集群前提：
（1）各节点时间一致，便于心跳信息传递，使用ntp实现
（2）节点间需要通过主机名互相通信，必须解析主机至IP地址
（a）建议名称解析功能使用hosts文件来实现
（b）通信中使用的名字与节点名字必须保持一致 “uname -n” 或hostname展示出的名字保持一致
（3）考虑仲裁设备是否会用到
（4）建立各节点之间的root用户能够给予密钥认证
（5）定义为集群中的资源，不能开机启动
#使用ntpdate命令同步时间，并建立周期性任务 #可使用任意节点服务器作为ntp时间服务器，如各节点可上公网，可直接指定公网ntp服务器 1、安装ntp [root@node2 ~]# yum install -y ntp [root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/ntp.conf #修改配置文件允许本网段客户端获取地址 将下面的语句 restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery 修改为 restrict default nomodify restrict 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify [root@node2 ~]# service ntpd start Starting ntpd: [ OK ] 查看同步过程 [root@node2 ~]# ntpq -p remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== *202.118.1.81 202.118.1.47 2 u 30 64 1 92.249 8.602 0.714 202.112.31.197 .INIT. 16 u - 64 0 0.000 0.000 0.000 2、客户端创建周期任务，每3秒同步时间 [root@node1 ~]# crontab -e */3 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.0.16 &> /dev/null [root@node1 ~]# service crond start #手动同步成功，因ntp一般为自动，手动前kill掉所有ntp进程即可 [root@node1 ~]# ntpdate 192.168.0.16 14 Nov 20:26:09 ntpdate[3786]: adjust time server 192.168.0.16 offset -0.004440 sec 3、时间同步 [root@node2 ~]# date; ssh 192.168.0.15 'date' Mon Nov 14 20:36:17 CST 2016 root@192.168.0.15's password: Mon Nov 14 20:36:20 CST 2016 [root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.0.15 node1 192.168.0.16 node2 1、生成密钥对 [root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: a8:ad:2c:23:83:60:ff:36:73:9d:09:24:37:ae:da:c9 root@centfils The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | . = | | * S | |.. o o | |+ . . o o o | |+ ooo*.. + | | o +*E+ | +-----------------+ 2、把公钥传输至远程服务器对应用户的家目录 [root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.0.16 The authenticity of host '192.168.0.16 (192.168.0.16)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is e5:84:6c:f7:c0:60:3d:0b:39:b6:1e:12:0d:48:8b:07. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.16' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.0.16's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'root@192.168.0.16'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. 3、测试 [root@node2 ~]# date; ssh root@192.168.0.15 'date' Mon Nov 14 21:02:30 CST 2016 Mon Nov 14 21:02:30 CST 2016