MySQL的复制： https://www.cnblogs.com/wxzhe/p/10051114.html
级联复制的结构如图
我们来设置基于filename和pos的级联复制，并且接受mysql-utilities工具中mysqlreplicate的用法！
首先在MySQL官网下载mysql-utilities工具
[root@test2 src]# tar zxvf mysql-utilities-1.6.5.tar.gz [root@test2 src]# cd mysql-utilities-1.6.5 [root@test2 mysql-utilities-1.6.5]# python setup.py install
#工具已经安装完毕
[root@test3 ~]# mysqlreplicate --version
MySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.6.5
License type: GPLv
master：10.0.102.214 test3
slave ：10.0.102.204 test2
slave-2: 10.0.102.179 test1
第一步：首先要保证要备份的主从服务器数据的一致,先搭建主从（master---slave）
[root@test3 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --single-transaction --all-databases > all.sql #这里的提示，因为是测试环境因此没有加--set-gtid-purged=OFF参数 mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Warning: A partial dump from a server that has GTIDs will by default include the GTIDs of all transactions, even those that changed suppressed parts of the database. If you do not want to restore GTIDs, pass --set-gtid-purged=OFF. To make a complete dump, pass --all-databases --triggers --routines --events. [root@test2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 < all.sql #在从库上导入数据，这里报错了 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 1840 (HY000) at line 24: @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED can only be set when @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED is empty. [root@test2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 #解决办法 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.7.22-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> select @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED; +------------------------------------------+ | @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED | +------------------------------------------+ | fc5f303f-f6c1-11e8-98bc-fa1dae125200:1-3 | +------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> reset master; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED; +------------------------+ | @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED | +------------------------+ | | +------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye [root@test2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 < all.sql
数据已经保持一致：
在主上查看filename和pos：
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | test3-bin.000001 | 154 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在从或主服务器上执行如下命令：【需要注意的是这个--rpl-user指定的用户名和密码需要在master上创建】
[root@test2 ~]# mysqlreplicate --master=root:123456@10.0.102.214 --slave=root:123456@10.0.102.204 --rpl-user=repl:123456 --master-log-file=test3-bin.000001 --master-log-pos=154 -vv WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. # master on 10.0.102.214: ... connected. # slave on 10.0.102.204: ... connected. # master id = 5 # slave id = 3 # master uuid = 4687e05d-f37f-11e8-8fc7-fa336351fc00 # slave uuid = f1983579-f6c4-11e8-8651-fa1dae125200 # Checking InnoDB statistics for type and version conflicts. # Checking storage engines... # Checking for binary logging on master... # Setting up replication... # Connecting slave to master... # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '10.0.102.214', MASTER_USER = 'repl', MASTER_PASSWORD = '123456', MASTER_PORT = 3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1 # Starting slave from master log file 'test3-bin.000001' using position 154... # IO status: Waiting for master to send event # IO thread running: Yes # IO error: None # SQL thread running: Yes # SQL error: None # ...done.
mysqlreplicate命令的用法如下：
[root@test2 log]# mysqlreplicate --help MySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.6.5 License type: GPLv2 Usage: mysqlreplicate --master=root@localhost:3306 --slave=root@localhost:3310 --rpl-user=rpl:passwd mysqlreplicate - establish replication with a master Options: --version show program's version number and exit --help display a help message and exit --license display program's license and exit --master=MASTER connection information for master server in the form: <user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config- path>[<[group]>]. --slave=SLAVE connection information for slave server in the form: <user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config- path>[<[group]>]. --rpl-user=RPL_USER the user and password for the replication user requirement, in the form: <user>[:<password>] or <login-path>. E.g. rpl:passwd -p, --pedantic fail if storage engines differ among master and slave. --test-db=TEST_DB database name to use in testing replication setup (optional) --master-log-file=MASTER_LOG_FILE use this master log file to initiate the slave. --master-log-pos=MASTER_LOG_POS use this position in the master log file to initiate the slave. -b, --start-from-beginning start replication from the first event recorded in the binary logging of the master. Not valid with --master- log-file or --master-log-pos. -v, --verbose control how much information is displayed. e.g., -v = verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug -q, --quiet turn off all messages for quiet execution.
#这个--rpl-user指定的用户名和密码，不能识别在master上创建的使用“%”的标识，也就是master需要指定创建"repl"@"10.0.102.204"的用户名，
"repl"@"%"好像就不可以。
从服务器上一定要开启二进制日志和log_slave_updates参数。因为若是不设置log_slave_updates，从服务器只是开启了二进制日志，但是却没有向二进制日志里面写入数据。
测试如下：从没有开启log_slave_updates！
#从服务器二进制日志行数 [root@test2 mysql]# mysqlbinlog test2-bin.000001 | wc -l 20 #主上插入数据 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> insert into tb2 select null; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 #从服务器数据同步过来 mysql> select * from tb2; +----+ | id | +----+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | +----+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) #但是二进制行数没有变，也就是二进制日志没有增加 [root@test2 mysql]# mysqlbinlog test2-bin.000001 | wc -l 20