mydumper是一个针对MySQL的高性能多线程备份和恢复工具，它提供了并发备份功能，备份效率有很大提高。
安装mydumper
- yum安装
# rpm -ivh https://github.com/maxbube/mydumper/releases/download/v0.9.5/mydumper-0.9.5-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
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编译安装
# yum install glib2-devel mysql-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel # wget https://github.com/maxbube/mydumper/archive/v0.9.5.tar.gz # tar xvf v0.9.5.tar.gz # cd mydumper-0.9.5 # cmake . # make
备份
mydumper备份时不是像mysqldump一样指定到某个特定的sql文件，而需要指定一个备份目录：
mydumper -h ${host} --user ${user} --password ${passwd} -B ${DB_NAME} -o ${bakdir} -e -t 16
mydumper --help Usage: mydumper [OPTION...] multi-threaded MySQL dumping Help Options: -?, --help Show help options Application Options: -B, --database Database to dump # 导出指定库 -T, --tables-list Comma delimited table list to dump (does not exclude regex option) # 导出指定的表，多个表之间用逗号分隔。db1.t1,db1,t2,db2,t1,db3,t1 -O, --omit-from-file File containing a list of database.table entries to skip, one per line (skips before applying regex option) -o, --outputdir Directory to output files to # 指定备份目录 -s, --statement-size Attempted size of INSERT statement in bytes, default 1000000 # 指定导出SQL文件中每个insert语句的大小，默认每个insert 1000000value -r, --rows Try to split tables into chunks of this many rows. This option turns off --chunk-filesize -F, --chunk-filesize Split tables into chunks of this output file size. This value is in MB -c, --compress Compress output files # 压缩备份，导出SQL文件以sql.gz结尾 -e, --build-empty-files Build dump files even if no data available from table # 如果空表也生成对应的文件名 -x, --regex Regular expression for 'db.table' matching 正则匹配库和表 -i, --ignore-engines Comma delimited list of storage engines to ignore # 忽略不需要导出指定存储引擎的表 -N, --insert-ignore Dump rows with INSERT IGNORE # 导出的SQL文件加上INSERT IGNORE -m, --no-schemas Do not dump table schemas with the data # 不导表结构，只导数据 -d, --no-data Do not dump table data # 不导数据，只导表结构 -G, --triggers Dump triggers # 备份触发器 -E, --events Dump events # 备份事件 -R, --routines Dump stored procedures and functions # 备份存储过程和函数 -W, --no-views Do not dump VIEWs # 不导视图 -k, --no-locks Do not execute the temporary shared read lock. WARNING: This will cause inconsistent backups # 备份时不加全局读锁， --no-backup-locks Do not use Percona backup locks # 不使用 Percona backup locks --less-locking Minimize locking time on InnoDB tables. -l, --long-query-guard Set long query timer in seconds, default 60 # 设置执行多长时间SQL将会被KILL -K, --kill-long-queries Kill long running queries (instead of aborting) # kill长时间执行的SQL # -D, --daemon Enable daemon mode 以守护进程进行备份，默认每60分钟备份一次 -I, --snapshot-interval Interval between each dump snapshot (in minutes), requires --daemon, default 60 # 每个备份之间的时间间隔（以分钟为单位）需要--daemon，默认值为60 -L, --logfile Log file name to use, by default stdout is used # 指定备份过程中的日志记录，默认标准输出 --tz-utc SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' at top of dump to allow dumping of TIMESTAMP data when a server has data in different time zones or data is being moved between servers with different time zones, defaults to on use --skip-tz-utc to disable. # 备份时时区设置，默认在备份文件开始添加SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00'语句 --skip-tz-utc # 禁止在备份文件中输出SET TIME_ZONE语句 --use-savepoints Use savepoints to reduce metadata locking issues, needs SUPER privilege # 使用savepoints来减少元数据锁定问题，需要SUPER权限 --success-on-1146 Not increment error count and Warning instead of Critical in case of table doesn't exist --lock-all-tables Use LOCK TABLE for all, instead of FTWRL -U, --updated-since Use Update_time to dump only tables updated in the last U days --trx-consistency-only Transactional consistency only --complete-insert Use complete INSERT statements that include column names # 导出的备份文件带完整的字段名 -h, --host The host to connect to -u, --user Username with the necessary privileges -p, --password User password -a, --ask-password Prompt For User password # 交互输入密码 -P, --port TCP/IP port to connect to -S, --socket UNIX domain socket file to use for connection -t, --threads Number of threads to use, default 4 -C, --compress-protocol Use compression on the MySQL connection # 备份传输使用压缩 -V, --version Show the program version and exit -v, --verbose Verbosity of output, 0 = silent, 1 = errors, 2 = warnings, 3 = info, default 2 --defaults-file Use a specific defaults file # 指定mysql my.cnf配置文件
备份完成后，可以查看备份目录下metadata文件，查看备份是否成功。
# cat metadata Started dump at: 2019-06-19 17:02:45 SHOW MASTER STATUS: Log: mysql-bin.002714 Pos: 73794931 GTID:xxxxxxxx SHOW SLAVE STATUS: Host: 192.168.1.10 Log: mysql-bin.002721 Pos: 133250446 GTID:xxxxx Finished dump at: 2019-06-19 17:59:20