python编程快速上手之第5章实践项目参考答案

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python3.5
 2 # coding:utf-8
 3 # 5.6.1
 4 # 好玩游戏的物品清单
 5 # 给定一个字典，包含物品名称和数量，并打印出数量对应的物品
 6 
 7 dict_stuff = {\'rope\':1,\'torch\':6,\'gold coin\':42,\'dagger\':1,\'arrow\':12}
 8 print("5.6.1参考答案")
 9 print(\'=\' * 80)
10 print("给定字典：",dict_stuff)
11 print("运行结果：")
12 def displayInventory(inventory):
13     print("Inventory:")
14     item_total = 0
15     for k,v in inventory.items():
16         print(str(v) + \'\t\' + k)
17         item_total += v
18     print("Total number of items:" + str(item_total))
19 displayInventory(dict_stuff)
20 print(\'=\' * 80)
21 print()
22 
23 # 5.6.2
24 # 将给定的列表添加到字典中去，并统计相同键对应的数量，最后统计总字典中值的总数
25 dragonLoot = [\'gold coin\',\'dagger\',\'dagger\',\'gold coin\',\'gold coin\',\'ruby\',\'ruby\']
26 
27 print("5.6.2参考答案")
28 print(\'=\' * 80)
29 inv = {\'gold coin\':42,\'rope\':1}
30 print("给定列表：",dragonLoot)
31 print("给定字典：",inv)
32 print("运行结果：")
33 
34 # 按照SWI的思路,这里可以2种方法：
35 # 1是将列表转换成字典再操作
36 # 2是用setdefault方法将列表元素加到字典再进行元素个数的自增
37 # 在此感谢SWI的指点斧正。
38 
39 def addToInventory(inventory,addedItems):
40     for item in addedItems:
41         inventory.setdefault(item,0)
42         inventory[item] += 1
43     return inventory
44 inv = addToInventory(inv,dragonLoot)
45 print(inv)
46 displayInventory(inv)
47 print(\'=\' * 80)

程序运行结果如下：

(py35env) frank@ThinkPad:py_fas$ python dict_inventory-5.py
5.6.1参考答案
================================================================================
给定字典： {\'arrow\': 12, \'gold coin\': 42, \'dagger\': 1, \'rope\': 1, \'torch\': 6}
运行结果：
Inventory:
12 arrow
42 gold coin
1 dagger
1 rope
6 torch
Total number of items:62
================================================================================

5.6.2参考答案
================================================================================
给定列表： [\'gold coin\', \'dagger\', \'dagger\', \'gold coin\', \'gold coin\', \'ruby\', \'ruby\']
给定字典： {\'rope\': 1, \'gold coin\': 42}
运行结果：
{\'ruby\': 2, \'dagger\': 2, \'rope\': 1, \'gold coin\': 45}
Inventory:
2 ruby
2 dagger
1 rope
45 gold coin
Total number of items:50
================================================================================