Nginx Rewrite相关功能-ngx_http_rewrite_module模块指令概述
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
Nginx服务器利用ngx_http_rewrite_module 模块解析和处理rewrite请求，此功能依靠 PCRE(perl compatible regularexpression)，因此编译之前要安装PCRE库，rewrite是nginx服务器的重要功能之一，用于实现URL的重写，URL的重写是非常有用的功能，比如它可以在我们改变网站结构之后，不需要客户端修改原来的书签，也无需其他网站修改我们的链接，就可以设置为访问，另外还可以在一定程度上提高网站的安全性。
ngx_http_rewrite_module模块的官网文档:https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_rewrite_module.html。
一.if指令(用于条件判断)
1>.if指令功能简介
用于条件匹配判断，并根据条件判断结果选择不同的Nginx配置，可以配置在server或location块中进行配置，Nginx的if语法仅能使用if做单次判断，不支持使用if else或者if elif这样的多重判断。
2>.编辑nginx的主配置文件(本篇博客试验基本上不会修改nginx的主配置文件，而是在主配置文件中加载子配置文件)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes 4;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000;
events {
worker_connections 100000;
use epoll;
accept_mutex on;
multi_accept on;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type text/html;
server_tokens off;
charset utf-8;
log_format my_access_json '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",' '"host":"$server_addr",' '"clientip":"$remote_addr",' '"size":$body_bytes_sent,' '"re
sponsetime":$request_time,' '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",' '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",' '"http_host":"$host",' '"uri":"$uri",' '"domain":"$host",' '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",' '"referer":"$http_referer",' '"tcp_xff":"$proxy_protocol_addr",' '"http_user_agent":"$http_user_agent",' '"status":"$status"}';
access_log logs/access_json.log my_access_json;
ssl_certificate /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/certs/www.yinzhengjie.org.cn.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/certs/www.yinzhengjie.org.cn.key;
ssl_session_cache shared:sslcache:20m;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;
include /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 274 Dec 22 12:41 https.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 504 Dec 23 22:38 login.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 528 Dec 22 12:43 mobile.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/https.conf
server {
listen 80;
listen 443 ssl;
server_name www.yinzhengjie.org.cn;
location / {
root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/static;
index index.html;
}
location = /favicon.ico {
root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images/jd;
}
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#