可以关闭 ExecutorService,这将导致其拒绝新任务。提供两个方法来关闭 ExecutorService。

shutdown() 方法在终止前允许执行以前提交的任务;

shutdownNow() 方法阻止等待任务启动并试图停止当前正在执行的任务。在终止时,执行程序没有任务在执行,也没有任务在等待执行,并且无法提交新任务。应该关闭未使用的 ExecutorService 以允许回收其资源。 

下列方法分两个阶段关闭 ExecutorService。第一阶段调用 shutdown 拒绝传入任务,然后调用 shutdownNow(如有必要)取消所有遗留的任务:

void shutdownAndAwaitTermination(ExecutorService pool) {  
  pool.shutdown(); // Disable new tasks from being submitted  
  try {  
    // Wait a while for existing tasks to terminate  
    if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {  
      pool.shutdownNow(); // Cancel currently executing tasks  
      // Wait a while for tasks to respond to being cancelled  
      if (!pool.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS))  
          System.err.println("Pool did not terminate");  
    }  
  } catch (InterruptedException ie) {  
    // (Re-)Cancel if current thread also interrupted  
    pool.shutdownNow();  
    // Preserve interrupt status  
    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();  
  }  
}  

shutdown调用后,不可以再submit新的task,已经submit的将继续执行

shutdownNow试图停止当前正执行的task,并返回尚未执行的task的list

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