1.MongoDB安装
安装包下载地址： https://www.mongodb.com/download-center/community
启动数据库：进入到mongd所在的bin目录，执行mongod --dbpath d:\mongodb\data (d:\mongodb\data为数据将要保存的文件夹路径)
连接数据库：将D:\MongoDB\mongodb-win32-i386-2.6.9\bin配置到环境变量，在cmd命令行输入 mongo 127.0.0.1:27017
2. MongoDB常用命令
show dbs 显示所有数据库
use dbname 使用名字为dbname的数据库，若数据库dbname不存在则创建
db 显示当前使用的数据库名字（或者db.getName()）
db.dropDatabase() 删除数据库
show collections 查看当前数据库的集合（collection，即表格）
db.collection.drop() 删除集合
use test #使用数据库test，不存在时创建 db.test.user.insert({"name":"zack","age":23}) #在test库的user集合中插入一条数据记录，user不存在时创建集合user 帮助命令 1. db.help() db.adminCommand(nameOrDocument) - switches to 'admin' db, and runs command [ just calls db.runCommand(...) ] db.auth(username, password) db.cloneDatabase(fromhost) db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost) db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } ) db.createUser(userDocument) db.currentOp() displays currently executing operations in the db db.dropDatabase() db.eval(func, args) run code server-side db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups db.fsyncUnlock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock() db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname db.getCollectionInfos() db.getCollectionNames() db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object db.getMongo() get the server connection object db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server db.getName() db.getPrevError() db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold db.getReplicationInfo() db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one db.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this db, inherited from server object if set db.hostInfo() get details about the server's host db.isMaster() check replica primary status db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db db.listCommands() lists all the db commands db.loadServerScripts() loads all the scripts in db.system.js db.logout() db.printCollectionStats() db.printReplicationInfo() db.printShardingStatus() db.printSlaveReplicationInfo() db.dropUser(username) db.repairDatabase() db.resetError() db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command. if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 } db.serverStatus() db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all db.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern for writes to the db db.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - unsets the write concern for writes to the db db.setVerboseShell(flag) display extra information in shell output db.shutdownServer() db.stats() db.version() current version of the server 2. db.test.help() 对数据库test的所有操作命令： db.test.find().help() - show DBCursor help db.test.count() db.test.copyTo(newColl) - duplicates collection by copying all documents to newColl; no indexes are copied. db.test.convertToCapped(maxBytes) - calls {convertToCapped:'test', size:maxBytes}} command db.test.dataSize() db.test.distinct( key ) - e.g. db.test.distinct( 'x' ) db.test.drop() drop the collection db.test.dropIndex(index) - e.g. db.test.dropIndex( "indexName" ) or db.test.dropIndex( { "indexKey" : 1 } ) db.test.dropIndexes() db.test.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - options is an object with these possible fields: name, unique, dropDups db.test.reIndex() db.test.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fields is optional set of fields to return. e.g. db.test.find( {x:77} , {name:1, x:1} ) db.test.find(...).count() db.test.find(...).limit(n) db.test.find(...).skip(n) db.test.find(...).sort(...) db.test.findOne([query]) db.test.findAndModify( { update : ... , remove : bool [, query: {}, sort: {}, 'new': false] } ) db.test.getDB() get DB object associated with collection db.test.getPlanCache() get query plan cache associated with collection db.test.getIndexes() db.test.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } ) db.test.insert(obj) db.test.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> ) db.test.aggregate( [pipeline], <optional params> ) - performs an aggregation on a collection; returns a cursor db.test.remove(query) db.test.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collection. db.test.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given name where the first param is the collection name db.test.save(obj) db.test.stats() db.test.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection db.test.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes db.test.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes db.test.update(query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool]) - instead of two flags, you can pass an object with fields: upsert, multi db.test.validate( <full> ) - SLOW db.test.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding db.test.getShardDistribution() - prints statistics about data distribution in the cluster db.test.getSplitKeysForChunks( <maxChunkSize> ) - calculates split points over all chunks and returns splitter function db.test.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this collection, inherited from server/db if set db.test.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern for writes to the collection 3. db.test.user.help() 对集合user的所有操作命令： db.test.user.find().help() - show DBCursor help db.test.user.count() db.test.user.copyTo(newColl) - duplicates collection by copying all documents to newColl; no indexes are copied. db.test.user.convertToCapped(maxBytes) - calls {convertToCapped:'test.user', size:maxBytes}} command db.test.user.dataSize() db.test.user.distinct( key ) - e.g. db.test.user.distinct( 'x' ) db.test.user.drop() drop the collection db.test.user.dropIndex(index) - e.g. db.test.user.dropIndex( "indexName" ) or db.test.user.dropIndex( { "indexKey" : 1 } ) db.test.user.dropIndexes() db.test.user.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - options is an object with these possible fields: name, unique, dropDups db.test.user.reIndex() db.test.user.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fields is optional set of fields to return. e.g. db.test.user.find( {x:77} , {name:1, x:1} ) db.test.user.find(...).count() db.test.user.find(...).limit(n) db.test.user.find(...).skip(n) db.test.user.find(...).sort(...) db.test.user.findOne([query]) db.test.user.findAndModify( { update : ... , remove : bool [, query: {}, sort: {}, 'new': false] } ) db.test.user.getDB() get DB object associated with collection db.test.user.getPlanCache() get query plan cache associated with collection db.test.user.getIndexes() db.test.user.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } ) db.test.user.insert(obj) db.test.user.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> ) db.test.user.aggregate( [pipeline], <optional params> ) - performs an aggregation on a collection; returns a cursor db.test.user.remove(query) db.test.user.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collection. db.test.user.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given name where the first param is the collection name db.test.user.save(obj)