WPF RichTextBox的使用总结

RichTextBox内容模型

RichTextBox 支持基于块的内容模型。 Inline 派生的元素是如何适应此模型的。

简单介绍

1.RichTextBox 是一个可支持您显示或编辑丰富内容（包括段落、超链接和内联图像）的控件。RichTextBox 控件，描述该控件的一些功能，并且显示如何在 XAML 和代码中使用该控件的一些示例。

2.RichTextBox 分为块和行

http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ee681613(v=vs.95).aspx

Block 元素

RichTextBox 的文档模型的一部分。

Block 元素	描述
Paragraph	Paragraph 还可以包含 Inline 元素。

Inline 元素

Inline 元素是从 Inline 继承的类。一个 Inline 元素或者包含在一个 Block 元素中，或者包含在另一个 Inline 元素中。 Paragraph 元素中的内容都可以包含如下许多类型的元素：

Inline 元素	描述
Run	Run 元素。
Span	Underline）会向文本应用格式。
InlineUIContainer	Inline 内容元素中。

NavigateUri 属性指定 URL。

说明：
Hyperlink 元素生效。

RichTextBox案例源码(可发送图片和文字)

直接上代码:

1.xaml 代码

 1 <Window x:Class="RichTextBoxDemo.MainWindow"
 2         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 3         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 4         Title="RichTextBoxDemo" Height="605.108" Width="846.839" Name="Windowa"  Closed="MainWindow_OnClosed">
 5     <Grid Margin="0,0,2,0">
 6         <RichTextBox HorizontalAlignment="Left" FontSize="20" BorderBrush="Violet"    VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"    Height="135" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="802" Margin="10,374,0,0" Name="SendMessageRichTextBox">
 7             <FlowDocument Name="SendDocument">
 8                 <Paragraph Name="SendMessageParas">
 9                     <Run></Run>
10                 </Paragraph>
11             </FlowDocument>
12         </RichTextBox>
13         <RichTextBox HorizontalAlignment="Left"   AllowDrop="True" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" Height="348" IsReadOnly="True" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="802" Margin="10,10,0,0" Name="MessageRichTextBox">
14             <FlowDocument Name="MessageDocument">
15             </FlowDocument>
16         </RichTextBox>
17         <Button Content="浏览图片" Name="BrowserButton" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Margin="667,534,0,0" Click="BrowserButton_Click"/>
18         <Button Content="发送" Name="SendButton" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Margin="752,534,0,0" Click="SendButton_Click"/>
19 
20     </Grid>
21 </Window>

2.点击发送按钮

 1       private void SendButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
 2         {
 3             try
 4             {
 5                 SendMessage();
 6             }
 7             catch (Exception)
 8             {
 9             }
10         }

3.选择图片

 1     private void BrowserButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
 2         {
 3             try
 4             {
 5                 SendImage();
 6             }
 7             catch (Exception)
 8             {
 9 
10                 throw;
11             }
12         }

 1      private void SendImage()
 2         {
 3             //选择图片
 4             var dialog = new OpenFileDialog();
 5             dialog.Filter = ".jpg|*.jpg|.png|*.png|.jpeg|*.jpeg";
 6             if (dialog.ShowDialog(this) == false) return;
 7             _fileName = dialog.FileName;
 8             var a = new Image
 9             {
10                 Source = new BitmapImage(new Uri(_fileName, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute)),
11                 Width = 60,
12                 Height = 60,
13                 Tag = _fileName
14             };
15             var blockCount = SendDocument.Blocks.Count(b => b != null);
16             if (blockCount > 1)
17             {
18                 var p = new Paragraph();
19                 p.Inlines.Add(a);
20                 SendDocument.Blocks.Add(p);
21             }
22             else
23             {
24                 SendMessageParas.Inlines.Add(a);
25             }
26             SendMessageRichTextBox.Focus();
27             //将光标至于所有发送框末尾
28             SendMessageRichTextBox.CaretPosition = SendDocument.Blocks.LastBlock.ContentEnd;
29         }

4.封装的函数和变量

1         #region 变量区域
2         //选择图片的文件名
3         private string _fileName = string.Empty;
4         private Paragraph p = null;
5         //记录Span
6         Dictionary<int, Span> spans = new Dictionary<int, Span>(0);
7         List<Paragraph> parasList = new List<Paragraph>(0);
8         private int index = 0;
9         #endregion

发送消息函数

 1       private void SendMessage()
 2         {
 3             index = 0;
 4             //把richtextBox内容转成字符串形式 
 5             // var strDoc = System.Windows.Markup.XamlWriter.Save(SendMessageRichTextBox.Document);
 6             var run = new Run("我:\t" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"))
 7             {
 8                 Foreground = System.Windows.Media.Brushes.Green
 9             };
10             var msg = new Paragraph(run);
11             MessageDocument.Blocks.Add(msg);
12 
13             var blockCount = SendDocument.Blocks.Count;
14             //以块的形式发送
15             if (blockCount > 1)
16             {
17                 foreach (var item in SendDocument.Blocks.OfType<Paragraph>().SelectMany(b => b.Inlines))
18                 {
19                     p = new Paragraph();
20                     SetData(item);
21 
22                 }
23                 foreach (var key in spans.Keys)
24                 {
25                     var span = spans[key];
26                     var par = parasList[key];
27                     par.Inlines.Add(span);
28                     MessageDocument.Blocks.Add(par);
29                 }
30                 spans.Clear();
31                 parasList.Clear();
32 
33             }
34             else
35             {
36                 p = new Paragraph();
37                 foreach (var item in SendMessageParas.Inlines)
38                 {
39                     SetData(item);
40                 }
41                 MessageDocument.Blocks.Add(p);
42 
43             }
44             //清理块
45             SendDocument.Blocks.Clear();
46             SendMessageParas = new Paragraph(new Run(""));
47             SendDocument.Blocks.Add(SendMessageParas);
48             MessageRichTextBox.ScrollToEnd();
49         }

 1         //设置数据
 2         private void SetData(Inline item)
 3         {
 4             if (item is Run)
 5             {
 6                 var text = (item as Run).Text;
 7                 if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text))return;
 8                 var r = new Run(text);
 9                 p.Inlines.Add(r);
10                 MessageDocument.Blocks.Add(p);
11             }
12             else if (item is Span)
13             {
14                 var s = item as Span;
15                 spans.Add(index, s);
16                 parasList.Add(p); index++;
17             }
18             else if (item is InlineUIContainer)
19             {
20                 var child = item as InlineUIContainer;
21                 var image = child.Child as Image;
22                 if (image == null) return;
23                 var img = new Image {Source = image.Source, Width = image.Width, Height = image.Height};
24                 p.Inlines.Add(img);
25                 MessageDocument.Blocks.Add(p);
26             }
27             else
28             {
29                 MessageDocument.Blocks.Add(p);
30 
31             }
32         }

5.释放资源

1       private void MainWindow_OnClosed(object sender, EventArgs e)
2         {
3             p = null;
4             SendMessageRichTextBox = null;
5             MessageRichTextBox = null;
6             _fileName = null;
7 
8         }

6.运行效果图展示:

（1）普通的发送图片和文本

WPF RichTextBox的使用总结

（2）支持复制,可全选，RichTextBox 原有的，不是我实现的。

WPF RichTextBox的使用总结

(3) 粘贴代码发送和显示，不过这里有问题，带有样式的代码默认都是以Span出现，所以会乱，目前还解决不了。额

这是粘贴代码后生成的xml

 1 <FlowDocument PagePadding="5,0,5,0" Name="SendDocument" AllowDrop="True" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">
 2   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
 3     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">    </Span>
 4     <Span Foreground="#FF0000FF" Background="#FFFFFFFF">try</Span>
 5   </Paragraph>
 6   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
 7     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">            {</Span>
 8   </Paragraph>
 9   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
10     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">                SendMessage();</Span>
11   </Paragraph>
12   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
13     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">            }</Span>
14   </Paragraph>
15   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
16     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">            </Span>
17     <Span Foreground="#FF0000FF" Background="#FFFFFFFF">catch</Span>
18     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF"> (</Span>
19     <Span Foreground="#FF2B91AF" Background="#FFFFFFFF">Exception</Span>
20     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF">)</Span>
21   </Paragraph>
22   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
23     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">            {</Span>
24   </Paragraph>
25   <Paragraph Margin="0,0,0,0" FontFamily="Microsoft YaHei" FontSize="16">
26     <Span Foreground="#FF000000" Background="#FFFFFFFF" xml:space="preserve">            }</Span>
27   </Paragraph>
28   <Paragraph Name="SendMessageParas" />
29 </FlowDocument>

所以最后的结果是酱紫的:

WPF RichTextBox的使用总结

7.OK 说完了，补充一点:

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