爬取伯乐在线文章（一）

Scrapy生成的项目目录

爬取伯乐在线文章（一）

文件说明：

scrapy.cfg 项目的配置信息，主要为Scrapy命令行工具提供一个基础的配置信息。（真正爬虫相关的配置信息在settings.py文件中）
items.py 设置数据存储模板，用于结构化数据，如：Django的Model
pipelines 数据处理行为，如：一般结构化的数据持久化
settings.py 配置文件，如：递归的层数、并发数，延迟下载等
spiders 爬虫目录，如：创建文件，编写爬虫规则

注意：一般创建爬虫文件时，以网站域名命名

jobbole.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy


class JobboleSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'jobbole'
    #允许的域名
    allowed_domains = ['blog.jobbole.com']
    #起始的url，是一个list，可以放入所有要爬取的URL
    start_urls = ['http://blog.jobbole.com/']

    #业务逻辑
    def parse(self, response):
        pass

设置断点模式

在scrapy.cfg文件同级目录下建立main.py文件，内容如下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
import os

from scrapy.cmdline import execute

sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
execute(['scrapy', 'crawl', 'jobbole'])

启动爬虫

启动爬虫命令：

scrapy crawl jobbole

(scrapyenv) E:\Python\Envs\EnterpriseSpider>scrapy crawl jobbole
2018-11-05 09:03:32 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.1 started (bot: EnterpriseSpider)
2018-11-05 09:03:32 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.2.5.0, libxml2 2.9.5, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.5.1, w3lib 1.19.0, Twisted 18.9.0, Python 3.6.6 (v3.6.6:4cf1f54eb7, Jun 27 2018, 03:37:03) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 18.0.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.0i  14 Aug 2018), cryptography 2.3.1, Platform Windows-10-10.0.17134-SP0
2018-11-05 09:03:32 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'EnterpriseSpider', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'EnterpriseSpider.spiders', 'ROBOTSTXT_OBEY': True, 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['EnterpriseSpider.spiders']}
2018-11-05 09:03:32 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
Unhandled error in Deferred:
2018-11-05 09:03:32 [twisted] CRITICAL: Unhandled error in Deferred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 171, in crawl
    return self._crawl(crawler, *args, **kwargs)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 175, in _crawl
    d = crawler.crawl(*args, **kwargs)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line 1613, in unwindGenerator
    return _cancellableInlineCallbacks(gen)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line 1529, in _cancellableInlineCallbacks
    _inlineCallbacks(None, g, status)
--- <exception caught here> ---
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line 1418, in _inlineCallbacks
    result = g.send(result)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 80, in crawl
    self.engine = self._create_engine()
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 105, in _create_engine
    return ExecutionEngine(self, lambda _: self.stop())
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\core\engine.py", line 69, in __init__
    self.downloader = downloader_cls(crawler)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\core\downloader\__init__.py", line 88, in __init__
    self.middleware = DownloaderMiddlewareManager.from_crawler(crawler)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\middleware.py", line 58, in from_crawler
    return cls.from_settings(crawler.settings, crawler)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\middleware.py", line 34, in from_settings
    mwcls = load_object(clspath)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\utils\misc.py", line 44, in load_object
    mod = import_module(module)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed

  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\downloadermiddlewares\retry.py", line 20, in <module>
    from twisted.web.client import ResponseFailed
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\web\client.py", line 41, in <module>
    from twisted.internet.endpoints import HostnameEndpoint, wrapClientTLS
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\endpoints.py", line 41, in <module>
    from twisted.internet.stdio import StandardIO, PipeAddress
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\stdio.py", line 30, in <module>
    from twisted.internet import _win32stdio
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\_win32stdio.py", line 9, in <module>
    import win32api
builtins.ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'win32api'

2018-11-05 09:03:32 [twisted] CRITICAL:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line 1418, in _inlineCallbacks
    result = g.send(result)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 80, in crawl
    self.engine = self._create_engine()
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 105, in _create_engine
    return ExecutionEngine(self, lambda _: self.stop())
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\core\engine.py", line 69, in __init__
    self.downloader = downloader_cls(crawler)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\core\downloader\__init__.py", line 88, in __init__
    self.middleware = DownloaderMiddlewareManager.from_crawler(crawler)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\middleware.py", line 58, in from_crawler
    return cls.from_settings(crawler.settings, crawler)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\middleware.py", line 34, in from_settings
    mwcls = load_object(clspath)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\utils\misc.py", line 44, in load_object
    mod = import_module(module)
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\scrapy\downloadermiddlewares\retry.py", line 20, in <module>
    from twisted.web.client import ResponseFailed
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\web\client.py", line 41, in <module>
    from twisted.internet.endpoints import HostnameEndpoint, wrapClientTLS
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\endpoints.py", line 41, in <module>
    from twisted.internet.stdio import StandardIO, PipeAddress
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\stdio.py", line 30, in <module>
    from twisted.internet import _win32stdio
  File "e:\python\envs\scrapyenv\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\_win32stdio.py", line 9, in <module>
    import win32api
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'win32api'

(scrapyenv) E:\Python\Envs\EnterpriseSpider>

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