Given a non-negative integer num represented as a string, remove k digits from the number so that the new number is the smallest possible.

Note:

  • The length of num is less than 10002 and will be ≥ k.
  • The given num does not contain any leading zero.

 

Example 1:

Input: num = "1432219", k = 3
Output: "1219"
Explanation: Remove the three digits 4, 3, and 2 to form the new number 1219 which is the smallest.

 

Example 2:

Input: num = "10200", k = 1
Output: "200"
Explanation: Remove the leading 1 and the number is 200. Note that the output must not contain leading zeroes.

 

Example 3:

Input: num = "10", k = 2
Output: "0"
Explanation: Remove all the digits from the number and it is left with nothing which is 0.

 

这道题让我们将给定的数字去掉k位,要使得留下来的数字最小,这题跟 LeetCode 上之前那道 Create Maximum Number 有些类似,可以借鉴其中的思路,如果n是 num 的长度,我们要去除k个,那么需要剩下 n-k 个,怎么判断哪些数字应该去掉呢?首先来考虑,若数字是递增的话,比如 1234,那么肯定是要从最后面移除最大的数字。若是乱序的时候,比如 1324,若只移除一个数字,移除谁呢?这个例子比较简单,我们一眼可以看出是移除3,变成 124 是最小。但是怎么设计算法呢,实际上这里利用到了单调栈的思想,可以参见博主之前的一篇总结帖 

 

解法一:

class Solution {
public:
    string removeKdigits(string num, int k) {
        string res = "";
        int n = num.size(), keep = n - k;
        for (char c : num) {
            while (k && res.size() && res.back() > c) {
                res.pop_back();
                --k;
            }
            res.push_back(c);
        }
        res.resize(keep);
        while (!res.empty() && res[0] == '0') res.erase(res.begin());
        return res.empty() ? "0" : res;
    }
};

 

下面这种方法写法稍稍不同,在将数字c加入结果 res 的时候提前做一个判断,假如此时 res 不为空或者数字c不是0,那么才将c加入结果 res 中,这样就避免了 leading zero。for 循环结束后,不是将结果 resize,而是用一个 while 循环,假如此时 k 还大于0,则将 res 末尾移除k个字符即可,参见代码如下:

 

解法二:

class Solution {
public:
    string removeKdigits(string num, int k) {
        string res;
        int n = num.size(), keep = n - k;
        for (char c : num) {
            while (k && res.size() && res.back() > c) {
                res.pop_back();
                --k;
            }
            if (res.size() || c != '0') res.push_back(c);
        }
        while (res.size() && k--) res.pop_back();
        return res.empty() ? "0" : res;
    }
};

 

Github 同步地址:

https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/402

 

类似题目:

Create Maximum Number

Remove Duplicate Letters

 

参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-k-digits/

https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-k-digits/discuss/88708/Straightforward-Java-Solution-Using-Stack

https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-k-digits/discuss/88743/C%2B%2B-6ms-10-lines-solution-with-comments

https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-k-digits/discuss/88660/A-greedy-method-using-stack-O(n)-time-and-O(n)-space

 

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