稳扎稳打Silverlight(12) - 2.0外观之样式, 模板, 视觉状态和视觉状态管理器

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稳扎稳打Silverlight(12) - 2.0外观之样式, 模板, 视觉状态和视觉状态管理器

作者：webabcd


介绍
Silverlight 2.0 外观控制：样式(Style), 模板(Template), 视觉状态(VisualState)和视觉状态管理器(VisualStateManager)


在线DEMO
http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2008/10/09/1307486.html


示例
1、样式(App.xaml)

<Application xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
             x:Class="Silverlight20.App"
             >
    <Application.Resources>
    
        <!--全局样式 - 任何地方都可引用-->
        <!--
        Style - 自定义样式资源。用于修改控件的样式。各个控件的默认样式可参见文档
            x:Key - 唯一标识
            TargetType - 目标对象类型
            Setter - 属性设置器
                Property - 需要设置的属性名称
                Value - 需要设置的属性值
        -->
        <Style x:Key="styleTestApp" TargetType="TextBox">
            <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="24"/>
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#0000FF"/>
        </Style>

    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

样式(Style.xaml)

<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Appearance.Style"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left">
    
        <StackPanel.Resources>
        
            <!--容器内样式 - 所属容器内可引用-->
            <!--
            Style - 自定义样式资源。用于修改控件的样式。各个控件的默认样式可参见文档
                x:Key - 唯一标识
                TargetType - 目标对象类型
                Setter - 属性设置器
                    Property - 需要设置的属性名称
                    Value - 需要设置的属性值
            -->
            <Style x:Key="styleTestInContainer" TargetType="TextBox">
                <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="24"/>
                <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#00FF00"/>
            </Style>
            
        </StackPanel.Resources>


        <!--全局样式的应用-->
        <TextBox Text="我是TextBox（全局样式的应用）" Margin="5" Style="{StaticResource styleTestApp}" />

        <!--容器内样式的应用-->
        <TextBox Text="我是TextBox（容器内样式的应用）" Margin="5" Style="{StaticResource styleTestInContainer}" />
        
        <!--内联样式的应用。内联样式优先级高于全局样式和容器内样式-->
        <TextBox Text="我是TextBox（内连样式的应用）" Margin="5" Foreground="#FF0000"  Style="{StaticResource styleTestInContainer}" />
        
    </StackPanel>
</UserControl>

2、模板(App.xaml)

<Application xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
             x:Class="Silverlight20.App"
             >
    <Application.Resources>
    
        <!--全局模板 - 任何地方都可引用-->
        <!--
        ControlTemplate - 自定义控件模板。用于修改控件的外观。各个控件的默认模板可参见文档
            x:Key - 唯一标识
            TargetType - 目标对象类型
        ContentPresenter - 用于显示继承自 System.Windows.Controls.ContentControl 的控件的内容
        TemplateBinding - 绑定到所指定的属性名称
        -->
        <ControlTemplate x:Key="templateTestApp" TargetType="Button">
            <Border BorderBrush="Red" BorderThickness="1">
                <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                    <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
                </Grid>
            </Border>
        </ControlTemplate>

    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

模板(Template.xaml)

<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Appearance.Template"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left">

        <StackPanel.Resources>

            <!--容器内模板 - 所属容器内可引用-->
            <!--
            ControlTemplate - 自定义控件模板。用于修改控件的外观。各个控件的默认模板可参见文档
                x:Key - 唯一标识
                TargetType - 目标对象类型
            ContentPresenter - 用于显示继承自 System.Windows.Controls.ContentControl 的控件的内容
            TemplateBinding - 绑定到所指定的属性名称
            -->
            <ControlTemplate x:Key="templateTestInContainer" TargetType="Button">
                <Border BorderBrush="Red" BorderThickness="1">
                    <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                        <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
                    </Grid>
                </Border>
            </ControlTemplate>

            <!--样式内设置模板 - 指定了样式即指定了样式内的模板-->
            <Style x:Key="templateTestInStyle" TargetType="Button">
                <Setter Property="Template">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
                            <Border BorderBrush="Red" BorderThickness="1">
                                <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                                    <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
                                </Grid>
                            </Border>
                        </ControlTemplate>
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
            </Style>

        </StackPanel.Resources>


        <!--全局模板的应用-->
        <Button Width="200" Margin="5" Content="我是Button（全局模板的应用）" Background="Yellow" Template="{StaticResource templateTestApp}" />

        <!--容器内模板的应用-->
        <Button Width="200" Margin="5" Content="我是Button（容器内模板的应用）" Background="Yellow" Template="{StaticResource templateTestInContainer}" />

        <!--样式内模板的应用-->
        <Button Width="200" Margin="5" Content="我是Button（样式内模板的应用）" Background="Yellow" Style="{StaticResource templateTestInStyle}" />

        <!--内联式模板的应用-->
        <Button Width="200" Margin="5" Content="我是Button（样式内模板的应用）">
            <Button.Template>
                <ControlTemplate>
                    <Border BorderBrush="Red" BorderThickness="1">
                        <Grid Background="Yellow">
                            <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
                        </Grid>
                    </Border>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Button.Template>
        </Button>
    </StackPanel>
</UserControl>

3、视觉状态和视觉状态管理器(App.xaml)

<Application xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
             x:Class="Silverlight20.App"
             >
    <Application.Resources>
    
        <!--全局视觉状态 - 任何地方都可引用-->
        <!--
        VisualStateManager - 视觉状态管理器，用来管理视觉状态的。各个控件的默认视觉状态可参见文档
            需要导入命名空间 xmlns:vsm="clr-namespace:System.Windows;assembly=System.Windows"
        -->
        <ControlTemplate x:Key="vsmTestApp" TargetType="Button" xmlns:vsm="clr-namespace:System.Windows;assembly=System.Windows">
            <Grid>
                <vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>

                    <!--
                    VisualStateGroup - 视觉状态组
                        如：
                        CommonStates 组有 Normal, MouseOver, Pressed, Disabled
                        FocusStates 组有 Unfocused, Focused
                        每一个视觉状态组取一个视觉状态值就构成了控件的视觉状态
                    x:Name - 视觉状态的所属组别名称
                    -->
                    <vsm:VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">

                        <!--
                        VisualState - 配置视觉状态
                            x:Name - 所属视觉状态组内的指定的视觉状态名称
                        -->
                        <vsm:VisualState x:Name="MouseOver">
                            <Storyboard>
                                <ColorAnimation 
                                        Storyboard.TargetName="borderBrush" 
                                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color" 
                                        To="Green"
                                        Duration="0:0:3" />
                            </Storyboard>
                        </vsm:VisualState>

                        <vsm:VisualState x:Name="Normal" />

                        <!--
                        VisualStateGroup.Transitions - 所属视觉状态组内的状态转换的配置
                            From - 转换前的视觉状态名称
                            To - 转换后的视觉状态名称
                            GeneratedDuration - 一个状态转换到另一个状态的所需时间
                        -->
                        <vsm:VisualStateGroup.Transitions>
                            <vsm:VisualTransition From="MouseOver" To="Normal" GeneratedDuration="0:0:3">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ColorAnimation 
                                        Storyboard.TargetName="borderBrush" 
                                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color" 
                                        To="Red"
                                        Duration="0:0:3" />
                                </Storyboard>
                            </vsm:VisualTransition>
                        </vsm:VisualStateGroup.Transitions>

                    </vsm:VisualStateGroup>
                </vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>

                <Border x:Name="border" BorderThickness="10">
                    <Border.BorderBrush>
                        <SolidColorBrush x:Name="borderBrush" Color="Red" />
                    </Border.BorderBrush>
                    <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                        <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
                    </Grid>
                </Border>
            </Grid>
        </ControlTemplate>

    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

视觉状态和视觉状态管理器(VisualStateManager.xaml)

<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Appearance.VisualStateManager"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left">
    
        <StackPanel.Resources>

            <!--容器内视觉状态 - 所属容器内可引用-->
            <!--
            VisualStateManager - 视觉状态管理器，用来管理视觉状态的。各个控件的默认视觉状态可参见文档
                需要导入命名空间 xmlns:vsm="clr-namespace:System.Windows;assembly=System.Windows"
            -->
            <ControlTemplate x:Key="vsmTestInContainer" TargetType="Button" xmlns:vsm="clr-namespace:System.Windows;assembly=System.Windows">
                <Grid>
                    <vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                    
                        <!--
                        VisualStateGroup - 视觉状态组
                            如：
                            CommonStates 组有 Normal, MouseOver, Pressed, Disabled
                            FocusStates 组有 Unfocused, Focused
                            每一个视觉状态组取一个视觉状态值就构成了控件的视觉状态
                        x:Name - 视觉状态的所属组别名称
                        -->
                        <vsm:VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">
                        
                            <!--
                            VisualState - 配置视觉状态
                                x:Name - 所属视觉状态组内的指定的视觉状态名称
                            -->
                            <vsm:VisualState x:Name="MouseOver">
                                <Storyboard>
                                    <ColorAnimation 
                                        Storyboard.TargetName="borderBrush" 
                                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color" 
                                        To="Green"
                                        Duration="0:0:3" />
                                </Storyboard>
                            </vsm:VisualState>
                            
                            <vsm:VisualState x:Name="Normal" />
                            
                            <!--
                            VisualStateGroup.Transitions - 所属视觉状态组内的状态转换的配置
                                From - 转换前的视觉状态名称
                                To - 转换后的视觉状态名称
                                GeneratedDuration - 一个状态转换到另一个状态的所需时间
                            -->
                            <vsm:VisualStateGroup.Transitions>
                                <vsm:VisualTransition From="MouseOver" To="Normal" GeneratedDuration="0:0:3">
                                    <Storyboard>
                                        <ColorAnimation 
                                        Storyboard.TargetName="borderBrush" 
                                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color" 
                                        To="Red"
                                        Duration="0:0:3" />
                                    </Storyboard>
                                </vsm:VisualTransition>
                            </vsm:VisualStateGroup.Transitions>

                        </vsm:VisualStateGroup>
                    </vsm:VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>

                    <Border x:Name="border" BorderThickness="10">
                        <Border.BorderBrush>
                            <SolidColorBrush x:Name="borderBrush" Color="Red" />
                        </Border.BorderBrush>
                        <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                            <ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Right" />
                        </Grid>
                    </Border>
                </Grid>
            </ControlTemplate>
            
        </StackPanel.Resources>


        <!--全局视觉状态的应用-->
        <Button Content="我是Button（全局视觉状态的应用）" Margin="5" Background="Yellow" Template="{StaticResource vsmTestApp}" />

        <!--容器内视觉状态的应用-->
        <Button Content="我是Button（容器内视觉状态的应用）" Margin="5" Background="Yellow" Template="{StaticResource vsmTestInContainer}" />

    </StackPanel>
</UserControl>

OK
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