Spring源码属性注入&@Autowired与@Resource注入原理 & 注入模式

　　今天在研究代码的过程中发现@Value 注解也走的是@Autowired 自动注入的流程, 接下来研究@Autowired 和 @Resource 的逻辑。

1.  自动注入

　　这里的自动注入说的是setter修饰的属性的自动注入，和@Autowired、@Resource 修饰的属性无关。两个的逻辑走的不是一套。

0. 前置

　　在Spring 反射创建对象和属性注入过程中有个重要的后置处理器InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor， 可以理解为对象创建后置处理器。

package org.springframework.beans.factory.config;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;

public interface InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {
    // 反射创建对象前调用，调用时机是在org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean(java.lang.String, org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition, java.lang.Object[])； 如果返回不为null， 则使用返回的对象作为容器生产的对象，也不会走该bean 的属性注入等过程
    @Nullable
    default Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return null;
    }

    // 反射创建完对象之后、属性注入 之前调用
    default boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return true;
    }

    // 获取到需要注入的属性(@Autowired 和 @Resource 属性不在pvs 内部)之后、属性注入之前进行调用，  @Autowired 和 @Resource 是在该方法内进行注入
    @Nullable
    default PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return null;
    }

    // 同上面一样，加了属性描述符
    /** @deprecated */
    @Deprecated
    @Nullable
    default PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return pvs;
    }
}

　　这个后置处理器是在对象创建前后进行调用。 其逻辑可以理解为

1》对象创建前调用 postProcessBeforeInstantiation (相当于提供了自己创建对象的接口)，返回不为null，则不走后续反射以及属性注入流程；

2》创建后调用populateBean 方法，方法内部主要逻辑是：

2.1》调用 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInstantiation 处理对象创建后逻辑；

2.2》然后获取从beanDefinition的map 获取需要注入的属性，并且维护到PropertyValue 中

2.3》 调用 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties 处理解析出的属性 (@Autowired 和 @Resource 是在这一步操作，其没有对PropertyValue  做处理，只是扫描相关注解反射进行注入 )

2.4》 调用 applyPropertyValues 方法 将上面的PropertyValue 进行反射 方法注入

1. org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean(java.lang.String, org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition, java.lang.Object[]) 这里是创建对象的开始

    protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {

        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

        // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
        // clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
        // which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
        Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
        if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
            mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
            mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
        }

        // Prepare method overrides.
        try {
            mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
        }
        catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
                    beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
        }

        try {
            // Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
            Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
            if (bean != null) {
                return bean;
            }
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                    "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
        }

        try {
            Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
            return beanInstance;
        }
        catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
            // A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
            // or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
        }
    }

1》 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#resolveBeforeInstantiation

    protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
        Object bean = null;
        if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
            // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
            if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
                Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
                if (targetType != null) {
                    bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
                    if (bean != null) {
                        bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
                    }
                }
            }
            mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
        }
        return bean;
    }

    protected Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
        for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
            if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
                InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
                Object result = ibp.postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);
                if (result != null) {
                    return result;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName)
            throws BeansException {

        Object result = existingBean;
        for (BeanPostProcessor processor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
            Object current = processor.postProcessAfterInitialization(result, beanName);
            if (current == null) {
                return result;
            }
            result = current;
        }
        return result;
    }

　　这个就相当于可以通过org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInstantiation 手动根据类型与BeanName 返回一个对象； 返回之后跳过一些属性注入过程和初始化过程，直接调用org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization 初始化之后方法

2.  如果上面 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInstantiation 没有手动创建对象就进行下面操作

1》org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean 走Spring 创建对象的生命周期

2》 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#populateBean：

    /**
     * Populate the bean instance in the given BeanWrapper with the property values
     * from the bean definition.
     * @param beanName the name of the bean
     * @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
     * @param bw the BeanWrapper with bean instance
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")  // for postProcessPropertyValues
    protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
        // 检测 mbd 合法性
        if (bw == null) {
            if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                        mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
            }
            else {
                // Skip property population phase for null instance.
                return;
            }
        }

        // Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
        // state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
        // to support styles of field injection.
        // 执行 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInstantiation， 也就是对象创建完成之后的逻辑。
        if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
            for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
                if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
                    InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
                    if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);
        // 进行自动注入，这里的自动注入是不在 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinition#propertyValues 维护的，也就是有setter 方法的。默认的注入模式是NO，现在只支持两种。BY_NAME 和 BY_TYPE
        int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();
        if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
            MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
            // Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
            if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
                autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
            }
            // Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
            if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
                autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
            }
            pvs = newPvs;
        }

        boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
        boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

        PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
        if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
            if (pvs == null) {
                pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
            }
            for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
                if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
                    InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
                    // 处理属性，Autowired 和 Resource 在这一步进行处理
                    PropertyValues pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
                    if (pvsToUse == null) {
                        if (filteredPds == null) {
                            filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
                        }
                        pvsToUse = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
                        if (pvsToUse == null) {
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    pvs = pvsToUse;
                }
            }
        }
        if (needsDepCheck) {
            if (filteredPds == null) {
                filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
            }
            checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
        }

        if (pvs != null) {
            // 应用解析出来的属性， 调用setter 方法进行自动注入
            applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
        }
    }
    
    protected void autowireByType(
            String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

        TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
        if (converter == null) {
            converter = bw;
        }

        Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
        String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
        for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
            try {
                PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
                // Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
                // even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
                if (Object.class != pd.getPropertyType()) {
                    MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
                    // Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
                    boolean eager = !(bw.getWrappedInstance() instanceof PriorityOrdered);
                    DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
                    Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
                    if (autowiredArgument != null) {
                        pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
                    }
                    for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
                        registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
                        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                            logger.trace("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
                                    propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
                        }
                    }
                    autowiredBeanNames.clear();
                }
            }
            catch (BeansException ex) {
                throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
            }
        }
    }

    protected void autowireByName(
            String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {

        String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
        for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
            if (containsBean(propertyName)) {
                Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
                pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
                registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    logger.trace("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
                            "' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
                }
            }
            else {
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName +
                            "' by name: no matching bean found");
                }
            }
        }
    }    

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