最近帮一个客户搭建跨洋的合并复制，由于数据库非常大，跨洋网络条件不稳定，因此只能通过备份初始化，在初始化完成后向海外订阅端插入数据时发现报出如下错误：
Msg 548, Level 16, State 2, Line 2
The insert failed. It conflicted with an identity range check constraint in database %s, replicated table %s, column %s. If the identity column is automatically managed by replication, update the range as follows: for the Publisher, execute sp_adjustpublisheridentityrange; for the Subscriber, run the Distribution Agent or the Merge Agent.
原因？
在SQL Server中，对于自增列的定义是对于每一条新插入的行，都会自动按照顺序新生成一个递增的数字，改数字通常和业务无关且被用于作为主键。但如果该表用于可更新事务复制或者合并复制，那么该自增列的区间范围则由复制管理。
此时，复制可以保证自增列可控，因为复制代理插入行时不会导致自增列自增，只有用户显式插入时才会导致自增列自增。
让我们来做一个实验。首先创建表，表定义如下：
TABLE [dbo].[Table_1](
[c1] [int] IDENTITY(1,1),
[c2] [int] NULL,
[ROWGUID] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,
[rowguid4] [uniqueidentifier] ROWGUIDCOL NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Table_1] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[c1] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]