MySQL在windows系统的安装

引言

MySQL是一个关系型数据库管理系统，由瑞典MySQL AB 公司开发，目前属于 Oracle 旗下产品。MySQL分为社区版和商业版，具有体积小、速度快、成本低、开源的优点。MySQL备受互联网公司青睐，如腾讯、阿里选择MySQL作为其数据库管理软件。之前学习使用SQL Server作为DBMS，由于体量过大现在将注意力转移到体积较小的MySQL上来。

下载与安装

MySQL官网：https://www.mysql.com/
MySQL官网提供Installer（安装）版和Archive（文档）版，两种类型的安装包。Installer安装包支持分别安装X86和X64两种系统位数的安装，而Archive版X86和X64需要分别下载安装。鉴于开发的应用会安装在X86和X64系统上，因此推荐使用Installer版MySQL。当然实际使用时安装Installer和Archive二者之一即可。

MySQL软件下载

MySQL Installer 下载
mysql-installer-community-5.7.19.0.msi:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=471661

MySQL Archive 下载
mysql-5.7.19-win32.zip：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=471341
mysql-5.7.19-winx64.zip：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=471342

MySQL 安装

Installer版安装过程

双击打开mysql-installer-community-5.7.19.0.msi
根据自己需要选择安装模式，这里选择只安装服务器，并设置路径，没有特别需要默认路径即可
设置类型和网络，默认设置
设置账户和密码，需要牢记
设置Windows服务，默认设置
应用调试，执行
安装成功，进行验证，开始菜单中打开MySQL命令行工具

打开命令行工具

输入设置的Root密码，输入show datases查看当前存在的数据库

Archive版安装过程

解压mysql-5.7.19-winx64.zip，并复制粘贴到想要安装的位置，比如放在C:\Program Files下面

MySQL Server 5.7是前面安装的Installer版，mysql-5.7.19-winx64是经过解压后的文件
将ysql-5.7.19-winx64文件名，修改为MySQL Server 5.7 X64，不改也可以
添加环境变量，C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7 X64\bin
在MySQL目录中新建文件夹datax64，修改MySQL默认的配置文件，最新版的MySQL中并没有配置文件，我们自己在路径C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7 X64下新建my.ini文件，并修改内容如下后保存。

# Other default tuning values
# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
# (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory 
# of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
# make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option 
# "--defaults-file". 
#
# To run run the server from the command line, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
# net start MySQLXY
#
#
# Guildlines for editing this file
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
# If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
# with the "--help" option.
#
# More detailed information about the individual options can also be
# found in the manual.
#
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]

# pipe
# socket=0.0
port=3306

[mysql]
no-beep

default-character-set=utf8


# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
# file.
#
# server_type=3
[mysqld]

# The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
# skip-networking

# enable-named-pipe

# shared-memory

# shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL

# The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
# socket=MYSQL

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306

# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
# basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/"

# Path to the database root
datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Data

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
character-set-server=utf8

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# Enable Windows Authentication
# plugin-load=authentication_windows.dll

# General and Slow logging.
log-output=FILE
general-log=0
general_log_file="LILY-PC.log"
slow-query-log=1
slow_query_log_file="LILY-PC-slow.log"
long_query_time=10

# Binary Logging.
# log-bin

# Error Logging.
log-error="LILY-PC.err"

# Server Id.
server-id=1

# Secure File Priv.
secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Uploads"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=151

# Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them
# without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query
# cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your
# have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the
# "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value
# is high enough for your load.
# Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are
# textually different every time, the query cache may result in a
# slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
query_cache_size=0

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_open_cache=2000

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=11M

# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client\'s threads are put in the cache if there aren\'t
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn\'t give a notable performance
# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
thread_cache_size=10

#*** MyISAM Specific options
# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G

# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=13M

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you\'re not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=8M

# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=25K
read_rnd_buffer_size=256K

#*** INNODB Specific options ***
# innodb_data_home_dir=0.0

# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
# and speed up some things.
# skip-innodb

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
# disk