虚拟机 XML 配置示例
虚拟机的 XML 配置(也称为 域 XML )决定虚拟机的设置和组件。下表显示了虚拟机(VM)的 XML 配置示例并解释了其内容。
要获取虚拟机的 XML 配置,您可以使用 virsh dumpxml 命令,后跟虚拟机的名称。
virsh dumpxml demo-guest1
XML 配置示例和解释
<domain type=\'kvm\' id=\'13\'>
<name>demo-guest1</name>
<uuid>409fc837-ef54-48c9-9a47-c62fe383d33d</uuid>
<!-- guset可以使用的最大内存,以KB为单位 -->
<memory unit=\'KiB\'>2097152</memory>
<!-- guest启动时内存,可以通过virsh setmem来调整内存,但不能大于最大可使用内存 -->
<currentMemory unit=\'KiB\'>2097152</currentMemory>
<!-- 分配的虚拟cpu -->
<vcpu placement=\'static\'>2</vcpu>
<resource>
<partition>/machine</partition>
</resource>
<os>
<type arch=\'x86_64\' machine=\'pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0\'>hvm</type>
<boot dev=\'hd\'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<!-- 处理器特性 -->
</features>
<cpu mode=\'custom\' match=\'exact\' check=\'full\'>
<model fallback=\'forbid\'>Skylake-Server-IBRS</model>
<feature policy=\'require\' name=\'md-clear\'/>
<feature policy=\'require\' name=\'spec-ctrl\'/>
<feature policy=\'require\' name=\'ssbd\'/>
<feature policy=\'require\' name=\'hypervisor\'/>
<feature policy=\'disable\' name=\'arat\'/>
</cpu>
<!-- 时钟, 使用本地时间: utc -->
<clock offset=\'utc\'>
<timer name=\'rtc\' tickpolicy=\'catchup\'/>
<timer name=\'pit\' tickpolicy=\'delay\'/>
<timer name=\'hpet\' present=\'no\'/>
</clock>
<!-- 定义了在kvm环境中crash时的默认的动作分别为destroy和restart。
destroy:停止该虚拟机。相当于关闭电源。
restart: 重启虚拟机 -->
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<pm>
<suspend-to-mem enabled=\'no\'/>
<suspend-to-disk enabled=\'no\'/>
</pm>
<!-- 设备定义开始 -->
<devices>
<!-- 模拟器,此处路径为qemu-kvm绝对路径 -->
<emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
<!-- 用于kvm启动或者存储的文件,启动设备为:/image/UCarApp1/UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw -->
<disk type=\'file\' device=\'disk\'>
<driver name=\'qemu\' type=\'raw\'/>
<source file=\'/image/UCarApp1/UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw\'/>
<backingStore/>
<target dev=\'vda\' bus=\'virtio\'/>
<!-- 可通过--disk 修改磁盘总线类型为ide --disk UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw,bus=ide -->
<alias name=\'virtio-disk0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x06\' function=\'0x0\'/>
</disk>
<controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-ehci1\'>
<alias name=\'usb\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x7\'/>
</controller>
<controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci1\'>
<alias name=\'usb\'/>
<master startport=\'0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x0\' multifunction=\'on\'/>
</controller>
<controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci2\'>
<alias name=\'usb\'/>
<master startport=\'2\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x1\'/>
</controller>
<controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci3\'>
<alias name=\'usb\'/>
<master startport=\'4\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x2\'/>
</controller>
<controller type=\'pci\' index=\'0\' model=\'pci-root\'>
<alias name=\'pci.0\'/>
</controller>
<controller type=\'virtio-serial\' index=\'0\'>
<alias name=\'virtio-serial0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x05\' function=\'0x0\'/>
</controller>
<!-- 采用普通的驱动,即硬盘和网卡都采用默认配置情况下,网卡工作在 模拟的rtl 8139 网卡下,速度为100M 全双工。采用 virtio 驱动后,网卡工作在 1000M 的模式下 -->
<interface type=\'bridge\'>
<mac address=\'52:54:00:bc:1b:74\'/>
<source bridge=\'br0\'/>
<target dev=\'vnet6\'/>
<model type=\'virtio\'/>
<alias name=\'net0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x03\' function=\'0x0\'/>
</interface>
<serial type=\'pty\'>
<source path=\'/dev/pts/11\'/>
<target type=\'isa-serial\' port=\'0\'>
<model name=\'isa-serial\'/>
</target>
<alias name=\'serial0\'/>
</serial>
<console type=\'pty\' tty=\'/dev/pts/11\'>
<source path=\'/dev/pts/11\'/>
<target type=\'serial\' port=\'0\'/>
<alias name=\'serial0\'/>
</console>
<channel type=\'unix\'>
<source mode=\'bind\' path=\'/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-13-demo-guest1/org.qemu.guest_agent.0\'/>
<target type=\'virtio\' name=\'org.qemu.guest_agent.0\' state=\'disconnected\'/>
<alias name=\'channel0\'/>
<address type=\'virtio-serial\' controller=\'0\' bus=\'0\' port=\'1\'/>
</channel>
<!-- 输入设备 -->
<input type=\'tablet\' bus=\'usb\'>
<alias name=\'input0\'/>
<address type=\'usb\' bus=\'0\' port=\'1\'/>
</input>
<!-- 输入设备 -->
<input type=\'mouse\' bus=\'ps2\'>
<alias name=\'input1\'/>
</input>
<input type=\'keyboard\' bus=\'ps2\'>
<alias name=\'input2\'/>
</input>
<!-- 定义与guset交互的图形设备。在这个例子中,使用vnc协议。listen的地址为0.0.0.0的地址。prot为5903,通过以下的命令查找端口号: virsh vncdisplay guestName -->
<graphics type=\'vnc\' port=\'5903\' autoport=\'yes\' listen=\'0.0.0.0\'>
<listen type=\'address\' address=\'0.0.0.0\'/>
</graphics>
<video>
<model type=\'cirrus\' vram=\'16384\' heads=\'1\' primary=\'yes\'/>
<alias name=\'video0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x02\' function=\'0x0\'/>
</video>
<memballoon model=\'virtio\'>
<alias name=\'balloon0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x07\' function=\'0x0\'/>
</memballoon>
<rng model=\'virtio\'>
<backend model=\'random\'>/dev/urandom</backend>
<alias name=\'rng0\'/>
<address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x08\' function=\'0x0\'/>
</rng>
<!-- 设备定义结束 -->
</devices>
<seclabel type=\'dynamic\' model=\'selinux\' relabel=\'yes\'>
<label>system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c47,c808</label>
<imagelabel>system_u:object_r:svirt_image_t:s0:c47,c808</imagelabel>
</seclabel>
<seclabel type=\'dynamic\' model=\'dac\' relabel=\'yes\'>
<label>+107:+107</label>
<imagelabel>+107:+107</imagelabel>
</seclabel>
</domain>