phpexcel如何读取excel的数据和如何导出数据到excel

phpexcel如何读取excel的数据和如何导出数据到excel

一、总结

一句话总结：去官网看参考手册和api，或者找中文的博客或者参考手册

 

1、phpexcel插件如何下载？

其实这些插件不仅可以用composer下载，还可以直接从github上面下载，还可以直接从官网下载

前两者在一般情况下是差不多的，比如thinkphp，

前两者的区别是composer是有依赖管理，

github上面下载下来的肯定是能运行的，也算是有依赖管理

 

2、php中的插件从composer上面下面和从github上面下载的区别是什么？

两者在一般情况下是差不多的，比如thinkphp，

两者的区别是composer是有依赖管理，

github上面下载下来的肯定是能运行的，也算是有依赖管理

 

3、composer下载下来的插件应该直接放到thinkphp框架的哪里（composer应该在哪个文件夹下下载插件）？

直接是在项目的目录下面引入插件（在vendor的上一级目录下）

 

 

 

二、利用PHPExcel读取Excel的数据和导出数据到Excel

PHPExcel是一个PHP类库，用来帮助我们简单、高效实现从Excel读取Excel的数据和导出数据到Excel。也是我们日常开发中，经常会遇到的使用场景。比如有个客户信息表，要批量导出发给同事，我们就可以用PHPExcel来快速实现。同样，如果我们要利用短信群发接口去群发信息，PHPExcel可以快速导入客户信息，避免人工录入信息的麻烦。

PHPExcel使用教程：

首先下载PHPExcel

到https://github.com/PHPOffice/PHPExcel下载PHPExcel，如果不懂得使用git，可以到这https://codeload.github.com/PHPOffice/PHPExcel/zip/1.8下载压缩包，懂得的自行用git下载。

下载好文件，解压可以得到如下文件：

PHPExcel

好了，现在我们就可以用PHPExcel愉快的读取和制作表格了！

PHPExcel DEMO1：利用PHPExcel读取excel信息：

我们在根目录创建一个名为read.php的文件来读取文档，创建一个test.xlsx的文件，里面写的信息如下：

然后在read.php写以下代码：

include ‘./Classes/PHPExcel/IOFactory.php’;

$inputFileName = ‘./test.xls’;
date_default_timezone_set(‘PRC’);
// 读取excel文件
try {
$inputFileType = PHPExcel_IOFactory::identify($inputFileName);
$objReader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReader($inputFileType);
$objPHPExcel = $objReader->load($inputFileName);
} catch(Exception $e) {
die(‘加载文件发生错误：”‘.pathinfo($inputFileName,PATHINFO_BASENAME).\'”: ‘.$e->getMessage());
}

// 确定要读取的sheet，什么是sheet，看excel的右下角，真的不懂去百度吧
$sheet = $objPHPExcel->getSheet(0);
$highestRow = $sheet->getHighestRow();
$highestColumn = $sheet->getHighestColumn();

// 获取一行的数据
for ($row = 1; $row <= $highestRow; $row++){
// Read a row of data into an array
$rowData = $sheet->rangeToArray(‘A’ . $row . ‘:’ . $highestColumn . $row, NULL, TRUE, FALSE);
//这里得到的rowData都是一行的数据，得到数据后自行处理，我们这里只打出来看看效果
var_dump($rowData);
echo “
”;

}

得到的数据：

PHPexcel读取文件

PHPExcel DEMO2：利用PHPExcel导出信息到excel：

<?php


/** Error reporting */
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set(\'display_errors\', TRUE);
ini_set(\'display_startup_errors\', TRUE);
date_default_timezone_set(\'PRC\');


/** 引入PHPExcel */
require_once dirname(__FILE__) . \'./Classes/PHPExcel.php\';

// 创建Excel文件对象
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
// 设置文档信息，这个文档信息windows系统可以右键文件属性查看
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("作者简庆旺")
    ->setLastModifiedBy("最后更改者")
    ->setTitle("文档标题")
    ->setSubject("文档主题")
    ->setDescription("文档的描述信息")
    ->setKeywords("设置文档关键词")
    ->setCategory("设置文档的分类");


//根据excel坐标，添加数据
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0)
    ->setCellValue(\'A1\', \'你好\')
    ->setCellValue(\'B2\', \'世界\')
    ->setCellValue(\'C1\', \'你好\')
    ->setCellValue(\'D2\', \'世界\');

// 混杂各种符号, 编码为UTF-8
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0)
    ->setCellValue(\'A4\', \'Miscellaneous glyphs\')
    ->setCellValue(\'A5\', \'éàèùâêîôûëïüÿäöüç\');


$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A8\',"你好世界");
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getRowDimension(8)->setRowHeight(-1);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A8\')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true);


$value = "-ValueA\n-Value B\n-Value C";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A10\', $value);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getRowDimension(10)->setRowHeight(-1);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A10\')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A10\')->setQuotePrefix(true);


// 重命名工作sheet
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(\'第一个sheet\');

// 设置第一个sheet为工作的sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);

// 保存Excel 2007格式文件，保存路径为当前路径，名字为export.xlsx
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, \'Excel2007\');
$objWriter->save( \'export.xlsx\');


// 保存Excel 95格式文件，，保存路径为当前路径，
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, \'Excel5\');
$objWriter->save(\'export.xls\');

好了，执行后我们可以得到export.xls和export.xlsx。

参考：利用PHPExcel读取Excel的数据和导出数据到Excel - 简庆旺 - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/jianqingwang/p/6830892.html

 

 

 三、PhpExcel中文帮助手册|PhpExcel使用方法

下面是总结的几个使用方法
include \'PHPExcel.php\';
include \'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php\';
//或者include \'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel5.php\'; 用于输出.xls的
创建一个excel
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
保存excel—2007格式
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
//或者$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel); 非2007格式
$objWriter->save("xxx.xlsx");
直接输出到浏览器
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel);
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0″);
header("Cache-Control:must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);
header("Content-Type:application/force-download");
header("Content-Type:application/vnd.ms-execl");
header("Content-Type:application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Type:application/download");;
header(\'Content-Disposition:attachment;filename="resume.xls"\');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding:binary");
$objWriter->save(\'php://output\');
——————————————————————————————————————–
设置excel的属性：
创建人
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");
最后修改人
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");
标题
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
题目
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
描述
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");
关键字
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");
种类
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");
——————————————————————————————————————–
设置当前的sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
设置sheet的name
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(\'Simple\');
设置单元格的值
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A1\', \'String\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A2\', 12);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A3\', true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'C5\', \'=SUM(C2:C4)\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'B8\', \'=MIN(B2:C5)\');
合并单元格
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells(\'A18:E22\');
分离单元格
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->unmergeCells(\'A28:B28\');

保护cell
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true); // Needs to be set to true in order to enable any worksheet protection!
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->protectCells(\'A3:E13\', \'PHPExcel\');
设置格式
// Set cell number formats
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . " Set cell number formats\n";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E4\')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->duplicateStyle( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E4\'), \'E5:E13\' );
设置宽width
// Set column widths
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension(\'B\')->setAutoSize(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension(\'D\')->setWidth(12);
设置font
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFont()->setName(\'Candara\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFont()->setSize(20);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFont()->setUnderline(PHPExcel_Style_Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E1\')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D13\')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E13\')->getFont()->setBold(true);
设置align
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D11\')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D12\')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D13\')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A18\')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY);
//垂直居中
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A18\')->getAlignment()->setVertical(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);
设置column的border
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A4\')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B4\')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'C4\')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D4\')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E4\')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
设置border的color
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D13\')->getBorders()->getLeft()->getColor()->setARGB(\'FF993300\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D13\')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB(\'FF993300\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'D13\')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB(\'FF993300\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E13\')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB(\'FF993300\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E13\')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB(\'FF993300\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'E13\')->getBorders()->getRight()->getColor()->setARGB(\'FF993300\');
设置填充颜色
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A1\')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'A1\')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB(\'FF808080\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle(\'B1\')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB(\'FF808080\');
加图片
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName(\'Logo\');
$objDrawing->setDescription(\'Logo\');
$objDrawing->setPath(\'./images/officelogo.jpg\');
$objDrawing->setHeight(36);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName(\'Paid\');
$objDrawing->setDescription(\'Paid\');
$objDrawing->setPath(\'./images/paid.png\');
$objDrawing->setCoordinates(\'B15\');
$objDrawing->setOffsetX(110);
$objDrawing->setRotation(25);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setDirection(45);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
//处理中文输出问题
需要将字符串转化为UTF-8编码，才能正常输出，否则中文字符将输出为空白，如下处理：
 $str  = iconv(\'gb2312\', \'utf-8\', $str);
或者你可以写一个函数专门处理中文字符串：
function convertUTF8($str)
{
   if(empty($str)) return \'\';
   return  iconv(\'gb2312\', \'utf-8\', $str);
}
//从数据库输出数据处理方式
从数据库读取数据如：
$db = new Mysql($dbconfig);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM  表名";
$row = $db->GetAll($sql);  // $row 为二维数组
$count = count($row);
for ($i = 2; $i <= $count+1; $i++) {
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][1]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'B\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][2]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'C\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][3]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'D\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][4]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'E\' . $i, convertUTF8(date("Y-m-d", $row[$i-2][5])));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'F\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][6]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'G\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][7]));
 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'H\' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][8]));
}
 
在默认sheet后，创建一个worksheet
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . " Create new Worksheet object\n";
$objPHPExcel->createSheet();
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objExcel, \'Excel5\');
$objWriter-save(\'php://output\');

 

参考：PhpExcel中文帮助手册|PhpExcel使用方法 - FreeSpider - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/freespider/p/3284828.html