接之前博客qesa——零知识证明,需要trusted setup

1. qesa的Inner product argument (IPA)

2019年论文《Efficient zero-knowledge arguments in the discrete log setting,revisited (Full version)》第四章:
在protocol 3.9基础上,以k=2k=2为例(kk取2值可最小化交互信息量),[A]w=[t][A]w=[t]可转化为以点积(inner product)方式表示为:
<[A],w>=[t]<[A], w>=[t]
根据protocol 3.9第二步,prover仅需给verifier传递[u±1]=<[Ai],wj>ji=±1[u_{\pm 1}]=<[A_i], w_j>(其中j-i=\pm1)
Zero-knowledge inner product argument(IPA)
k=2k=2时,[A]=(A0A1)w=(w0w1)[A]=\begin{pmatrix} A_0\\ A_1 \end{pmatrix},w=\begin{pmatrix} w_0\\ w_1 \end{pmatrix},如需证明<[A],w>=[A]w=t=A0w0+A1w1<[A],w>=[A]w=t=A_0w_0+A_1w_1,在第三步和第四步,引入了challeng x=(1,ξ),y=(ξ,1)x=(1, \xi ), y=(\xi, 1),改为证明:
t=<x[A],yw>=(A0+ξA1)(ξw0+w1)=ξ(A0w0+A1w1)+ξ2A1w0+A0w1=ξt+ξ2<A1,w0>+<A0,w1>=ξt+ξ2u1+u1t'=<x[A],yw>=(A_0+\xi A_1)(\xi w_0+w_1)=\xi (A_0w_0+A_1w_1)+\xi^2A_1w_0+A_0w_1=\xi t+\xi^2<A_1,w_0>+<A_0,w_1>=\xi t+\xi^2u_{-1}+u_1

2. Bulletproofs的Inner-product argument

2017年论文Bulletproofs: Short Proofs for Confidential Transactions and More第三章,分别取的是x=(ξ,ξ1),y=(ξ1,ξ)x=(\xi,\xi^{-1}), y=(\xi^{-1},\xi)

参考资料:
[1] 2019年论文《Efficient zero-knowledge arguments in the discrete log setting,revisited (Full version)》
[2] https://github.com/topics/zero-knowledge?o=desc&s=stars
[3] 博客Inner Product点积的零知识证明
[4] 2017年论文Bulletproofs: Short Proofs for Confidential Transactions and More

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