SSM框架初探
一.创建一个Maven的项目
新建的maven web项目,创建成功之后出现以下两种错误:
(1)-->webapp下缺少web.xml文件需要手动创建一个
(2)-->编译器的版本为1.5,需要切换到当前JDK的版本。pom.xml文件中需要添加如下内容:
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
Pom文件修改完成之后右键Maven->update project(Alt+F5)
二.Spring+Spring MVC+Mybatis框架配置文件
1.pom.xml中依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<!-- 开发的时候引入,发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- dom4j包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 核心包 NO.9 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- java ee jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
-->
<!-- mysql链接数据库jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.39</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dbcp数据库连接池
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化对象,方便输出日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- slf4j包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上传组件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.7.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Jersey 依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-common</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-server</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-container-servlet-core</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-media-json-jackson</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.ext</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-spring3</artifactId>
<version>${jersey.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jersey-server</artifactId>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jersey-container-servlet-core</artifactId>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.containers</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>hk2</artifactId>
<groupId>org.glassfish.hk2</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 抓取网页 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
<artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
<version>1.8.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.程序入口web.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>my-ssm</display-name>
<!-- Spring-mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring-mvc充当控制器配置文件
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
-->
<listener>
<description>spring监听器</description>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 加载log4j -->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:properties/log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置springmvc的DispatcherServlet,处理所有的url -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<description>spring mvc 配置文件</description>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<description>字符集过滤器</description>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<description>字符集编码</description>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置session超时时间,单位分钟 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<!-- DEFAULT PAGE -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
上述配置需要注意的时,“Spring-mvc充当控制器配置文件”位置处的注释要把配置写入到Servlet节点下的init-param节点中,否者会报错。
通过上述web.xml文件的配置,可以看出还需要配置如下配置文件spring-mvc.xml(spirng mvc控制器的配置文件)以及 spring与mybatis整合的spring-mybatis配置文件。
2.1spring-mvc 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描注解,只扫描的Controller注解,其它注解的扫描交给spring去处理 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gitee">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /><!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
</bean>
</beans>
此处省略了诸如事务管理,切面的配置等信息,只是简单的配置了一下spring mvc的配置,后续完善。
2.2 spring与mybatis整合的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 引入jdbc配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:properties/*.properties</value>
<!--要是有多个配置文件,只需在这里继续添加即可 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 自动扫描注解的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gitee" />
<!-- 配置c3p0数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<!-- 不使用properties来配置 -->
<!-- <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/learning" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="[email protected]" /> -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}" />
<property name="user" value="${db.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${db.password}" />
<property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" />
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="1800" />
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="2" />
<property name="maxStatements" value="0" />
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="2" />
<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="1800" />
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="30" />
<property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure" value="true" />
<property name="testConnectionOnCheckout" value="false" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置Mybatis的文件 ,mapperLocations配置**Mapper.xml文件位置,configLocation配置mybatis-config文件位置-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 关联数据源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml" />
<!-- mybatis的映射文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/mysql/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 自动扫描 *mapper.java -->
<!-- 自动扫描了所有的*Mapper.xml对应的mapper接口文件。不用一个个手动配置Mpper的映射了,只要Mapper接口类和Mapper映射文件对应起来就可以了 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.gitee.mapper" />
</bean>
</beans>
通过上述的配置文件,我们知道还需要配置名为mybatis-config.xml的mybatis的主配置文件以及mybatis自己的映射文件。
2.2.1 mybatis主配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> </configuration>
正常的mybatis的主配置文件,至少要有environments,以及mappers两个节点,此处没有配置的原因,也是将关联配置文件创建SqlSession对象的功能交给了spring容器帮我们完成。
2.2.2 mybatis映射的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.gitee.mapper.IAddressMapper">
<!-- 查询地址 -->
<select id="queryAddessById" resultType="com.gitee.entity.Address">
select *from `address` where aid=#{aid}
</select>
</mapper>
根据最佳实践,每一个mybatis xml映射文件最好对应一个 mapper的接口文件,因此该配置文件中namespace 对应的全限定名指向 *Mapper.java接口文件。
2.3总结
SSM框架整合中,用到的配置文件清单如下:
(1) pom.xml :maven的对象工程模型文件,主要为了实现maven如下核心功能:
①依赖管理(jar包管理);
②项目构建两个功能(指的是项目的编译,测试,打包,运行,部署都可以通过maven的命令来完成)
(2) web.xml:项目的入口文件主要配置了spring mvc的前端控制器,spring 的监听器等信息
(3) spring-mvc.xml:配置spring自动扫包配置,处理器映射器,处理器适配器,视图解析器等信息
(4) spring-mybatis.xml:配置了将mybatis的bean对象注入到spring容器的信息,如:数据源配置,自动扫描 映射接口文件的配置,mybatis的SqlSessionFactory的配置信息(该bean中指定了mybatis主配置文件的路径以及映射配置文件的路径)
(5)*Mapper.xml:mybatis的映射配置文件,主要实现sql的增删改查
三.SSM框架,mapper,dao,service,controller文件
3.1 mapper层
package com.gitee.mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import com.gitee.entity.Address;
/**
* 最佳实践,每一个mapper.xml对应一个接口文件
* @author Freedom
*
*/
public interface IAddressMapper {
//查地址
Address queryAddessById(@Param("aid")Integer aid);
}
与*mapper.xml映射文件中命名空间对应,每个*mapper.xml中 增删改查的节点id属性要唯一,并与接口中方法名保持一致
3.2 dao层
package com.gitee.dao.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.gitee.dao.IAddressDao;
import com.gitee.entity.Address;
import com.gitee.mapper.IAddressMapper;
@Repository
public class AddressDao implements IAddressDao {
@Autowired
private IAddressMapper addressMapper;
@Override
public Address queryAddessById(Integer aid) {
return addressMapper.queryAddessById(aid);
}
}
该层调用mapper层中方法
3.3 service层
package com.gitee.service.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.gitee.dao.IAddressDao;
import com.gitee.entity.Address;
import com.gitee.service.IAddressService;
@Service
public class AddressService implements IAddressService {
@Autowired
private IAddressDao addressDao;
@Override
public Address queryAddessById(Integer aid) {
return addressDao.queryAddessById(aid);
}
}
3.4 controller控制层
package com.gitee.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.gitee.entity.Address;
import com.gitee.service.IAddressService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/address")
public class AddressController {
@Autowired
private IAddressService addressSevice;
@RequestMapping("/getaddress")
public String queryAddress(Integer aid, Model model){
Address address = addressSevice.queryAddessById(aid);
if(null != address){
model.addAttribute("msg", "查询地址成功。");
model.addAttribute("address", address);
return "/success";
}else{
model.addAttribute("msg", "查询地址成功失败。");
return "fail";
}
}
}
至此,框架构建基本完成,后续加入日志,事务信息。
四.运行项目
4.1搭建成功后两种运行方式:
右键 Run As->6Maven build... 弹出的命令框中输入 tomcat:run
4.1.2.debug的方式运行
右键Debug As->6Maven build...弹出如下命令框