这篇文章主要介绍了详解Java的Spring框架中bean的注入集合,Spring是Java的SSH三大web开发框架之一,需要的朋友可以参考下
使用value属性和使用<property>标签的ref属性在你的bean配置文件中的对象引用,这两种情况下可以处理单值到一个bean,如果你想通过多元值,如Java Collection类型List, Set, Map 及 Properties。要处理这种情况,Spring提供了四种类型的如下集合的配置元素:
可以使用<list> 或<set> 来连接任何实现java.util.Collection或数组。
会遇到两种情况(a)将收集的直接的值及(b)传递一个bean的引用作为集合的元素之一。
例子:
我们使用Eclipse IDE,然后按照下面的步骤来创建一个Spring应用程序:
这里是JavaCollection.java文件的内容:
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package
com.yiibai;
import
java.util.*;
public
class
JavaCollection {
List
addressList;
Set
addressSet;
Map
addressMap;
Properties
addressProp;
//
a setter method to set List
public
void
setAddressList(List addressList) {
this.addressList
= addressList;
}
//
prints and returns all the elements of the list.
public
List getAddressList() {
System.out.println("List
Elements :"
+ addressList);
return
addressList;
}
//
a setter method to set Set
public
void
setAddressSet(Set addressSet) {
this.addressSet
= addressSet;
}
//
prints and returns all the elements of the Set.
public
Set getAddressSet() {
System.out.println("Set
Elements :"
+ addressSet);
return
addressSet;
}
//
a setter method to set Map
public
void
setAddressMap(Map addressMap) {
this.addressMap
= addressMap;
}
//
prints and returns all the elements of the Map.
public
Map getAddressMap() {
System.out.println("Map
Elements :"
+ addressMap);
return
addressMap;
}
//
a setter method to set Property
public
void
setAddressProp(Properties addressProp) {
this.addressProp
= addressProp;
}
//
prints and returns all the elements of the Property.
public
Properties getAddressProp() {
System.out.println("Property
Elements :"
+ addressProp);
return
addressProp;
}
}
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以下是MainApp.java文件的内容:
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package
com.yiibai;
import
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import
org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public
class
MainApp {
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext
context =
new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
JavaCollection
jc=(JavaCollection)context.getBean("javaCollection");
jc.getAddressList();
jc.getAddressSet();
jc.getAddressMap();
jc.getAddressProp();
}
}
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以下是配置文件beans.xml文件里面有配置的集合的所有类型:
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<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
<!--
Definition for javaCollection -->
<bean
id="javaCollection"
class="com.yiibai.JavaCollection">
<!--
results in a setAddressList(java.util.List) call -->
<property
name="addressList">
<list>
<value>INDIA</value>
<value>Pakistan</value>
<value>USA</value>
<value>USA</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--
results in a setAddressSet(java.util.Set) call -->
<property
name="addressSet">
<set>
<value>INDIA</value>
<value>Pakistan</value>
<value>USA</value>
<value>USA</value>
</set>
</property>
<!--
results in a setAddressMap(java.util.Map) call -->
<property
name="addressMap">
<map>
<entry
key="1"
value="INDIA"/>
<entry
key="2"
value="Pakistan"/>
<entry
key="3"
value="USA"/>
<entry
key="4"
value="USA"/>
</map>
</property>
<!--
results in a setAddressProp(java.util.Properties) call -->
<property
name="addressProp">
<props>
<prop
key="one">INDIA</prop>
<prop
key="two">Pakistan</prop>
<prop
key="three">USA</prop>
<prop
key="four">USA</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
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创建源代码和bean配置文件完成后,让我们运行应用程序。如果应用程序一切顺利,这将打印以下信息:
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List
Elements :[INDIA, Pakistan, USA, USA]
Set
Elements :[INDIA, Pakistan, USA]
Map
Elements :{1=INDIA, 2=Pakistan, 3=USA, 4=USA}
Property
Elements :{two=Pakistan, one=INDIA, three=USA, four=USA}
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注入Bean引用:
下面bean定义将帮助您了解如何注入bean的引用作为集合的元素之一。甚至可以混合引用和值都在一起,如下图所示:
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<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
<!--
Bean Definition to handle references and values -->
<bean
id="..."
class="...">
<!--
Passing bean reference for java.util.List -->
<property
name="addressList">
<list>
<ref
bean="address1"/>
<ref
bean="address2"/>
<value>Pakistan</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--
Passing bean reference for java.util.Set -->
<property
name="addressSet">
<set>
<ref
bean="address1"/>
<ref
bean="address2"/>
<value>Pakistan</value>
</set>
</property>
<!--
Passing bean reference for java.util.Map -->
<property
name="addressMap">
<map>
<entry
key="one"
value="INDIA"/>
<entry
key
="two"
value-ref="address1"/>
<entry
key
="three"
value-ref="address2"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
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使用上面的bean定义,需要定义这样一种方式,他们应该能够处理的参考,以及setter方法。
注入null和空字符串的值
如果需要传递一个空字符串作为值,如下所示:
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<bean
id="..."
class="exampleBean">
<property
name="email"
value=""/>
</bean>
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前面的例子等同于Java代码: exampleBean.setEmail("")
如果需要传递一个null值,如下所示:
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<bean
id="..."
class="exampleBean">
<property
name="email"><null/></property>
</bean>
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前面的例子等同于Java代码:exampleBean.setEmail(null)