一 使用
#ifndef _INTWRAPER_H #define _INTWRAPER_H class IntWraper { public: IntWraper(int n): m_nInteger(n){} void Value(int newValue){m_nInteger = newValue;} int Value( void )const{return m_nInteger;} IntWraper& operator += (IntWraper& rhs) { m_nInteger += rhs.Value(); return *this; } private: int m_nInteger; }; #endif //_INTWRAPER_H
现在要给它写一个unittest ，你只要做如下工作就可以了：
- 包含头文件： #include "FAssert.h"
- 定义一个测试类，在这个类中使用下列宏来申明test case:
DECLARE_AS_TESTER //申明一个类为tester，需要放在开头［必有］
DECLARE_SETUP //申明一个setup方法［可选］
DECLARE_TEARDOWN //申明一个teardown方法用于清理工作［可选］
DECLARE_TEST(testName) //申明一个test［至少有一个，否则没意义］
3. 实现定义的setup，teardown，和test方法;
4. 调用宏CALL_TEST注册这个unit test:
5. 在主程序中定义一个TestMain，然后调用它的run方法:
using namespace FTest;
TestMain myTest(std::cout);
myTest.run();
对IntWraper的完整的test 代码如下:
#include "IntWraper.h" #include "FAssert.h" #include "IntWraper.h" class TestInt { DECLARE_AS_TESTER(TestInt) DECLARE_SETUP DECLARE_TEARDOWN DECLARE_TEST(testValue) DECLARE_TEST(testAdd) private: IntWraper *m_pInt; }; void TestInt::setup( void ) { m_pInt = new IntWraper(0); } void TestInt::tearDwon( void ) { delete m_pInt; } void TestInt::testValue( void ) { ASSERTEQUAL(0,m_pInt->Value()); } void TestInt::testAdd( void ) { IntWraper other(4); *m_pInt += other; ASSERTEQUAL(3 , m_pInt->Value()); } CALL_TEST(TestInt) #include <iostream> int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { using namespace FTest; TestMain myTest(std::cout); myTest.run(); return 0; }
运行后你会得到输出结果：
从这个结果你可以看到一共运行了多少个test，成功多少，失败多少，如果失败了，还会给出失败的具体位置.
二 框架
下面这个结构图是从xunit的结构图演变而来的，只不过在这里的testcase是由一系列的IFuncObject组成。对上面给出的例子来 说，setup,teardown,testValue和testAdd都对应一个IFuncObject.这些IFuncObject只是对保存了 setup，teardown，和test函数这些成员函数指针而已。在TestCase的run方法被调用的时候，按照下列顺序调用这些 IFuncObject的Do方法:
setup
test1
...
teardown
最后在内存中会形成如下图所示的一棵树。
这棵树有点特殊，因为它只有三层，最顶层的是一个suite，第二层是一些testcase，它们与程序员写的tester是一一对应的。最底层的是一些 IFuncObject对象，它们对应与tester中的setup，teardown和具体的测试函数。由于对IFuncObject应用了 NullObject模式，所以无论是否定义setup和teardown，每一个testcase，都有一个setup和一个teardown的 IFuncObject。
调用的过程基本上是一个广度优先的过程。
三．实现
实现其实是很简单地，这里只说一**册原理
3.1 注册
注册是通过TestObject来完成的，TestObject的申明如下：
template<typename Tester, void (Tester::*RealTest) ( void )> class TestObject:public IFuncObject
它从IFuncObject继承下来的，接收两个模板参数，一个是tester，另一个是一个成员函数指针。一句
DECLARE_TEST(testValue)
会定义一个TestObject对象，这样在tester被创建的时候，就会自动将这个函数指针注册到tester的对应的TestCase之中。
3.2 跟踪测试用例
本来是想用异常来跟踪测试用例的运行状态的，可是发现这样就变得复杂啦。所以这个实现没有用，用了最简单地方式，调用类的全局函数来实现。
3.3 源码
源码只包含两个头文件FTest.h和FAssert.h
/*! * Copyright (c) 2010 FengGe(CN), Inc * All rights reserved * This program is UNPUBLISHED PROPRIETARY property of FengGe(CN). * Only for internal distribution. * * @file: FTest.h * * @brief: define the framework for unit test * * @author: [email protected] * * @version: 1.0 * * @date: 2010-12-25 */ #ifndef _FTEST_H #define _FTEST_H #include <list> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <ostream> namespace FTest { using std::list; using std::vector; using std::find; using std::ostream; class Test { public: virtual ~Test(){} virtual void run( void ) = 0; }; class TestSuite:public Test { public: static TestSuite* getRootSuite( void ) { if (NULL == g_pRootSuite) { g_pRootSuite = new TestSuite(); } return g_pRootSuite; } void add(Test *pTest) { m_listTests.push_back(pTest); } void remove(Test* pTest) { m_listTests.erase(find(m_listTests.begin(),m_listTests.end(),pTest)); } virtual void run( void ) { for_each(m_listTests.begin(),m_listTests.end(),RunFun); } private: static void RunFun(Test* itFun) { itFun->run(); } list<Test*> m_listTests; static TestSuite* g_pRootSuite; }; TestSuite *TestSuite::g_pRootSuite = NULL; class IFuncObject { public: virtual void Do( void ) {} static IFuncObject NULLFucObject; static IFuncObject* NullFunction( void ){return &NULLFucObject;} }; IFuncObject IFuncObject::NULLFucObject = IFuncObject(); class TestCase:public Test { public: TestCase(): m_funSetup(IFuncObject::NullFunction()) ,m_funTeardown(IFuncObject::NullFunction()) { } virtual void run( void ) { m_funSetup->Do(); for_each(m_vTestObjects.begin(),m_vTestObjects.end(),&RunFunc); m_funTeardown->Do(); } void setSetup(IFuncObject *pSetup){m_funSetup = pSetup;} void setTearDown(IFuncObject *pTearDown){m_funTeardown = pTearDown;} void addTestObject(IFuncObject *pObject){m_vTestObjects.push_back(pObject);} private: static void RunFunc(IFuncObject* itFun) { itFun->Do(); } IFuncObject *m_funSetup; IFuncObject *m_funTeardown; vector<IFuncObject*> m_vTestObjects; }; template<typename Tester, void (Tester::*RealTest) ( void )> class TestObject:public IFuncObject { public: TestObject( void ){ Tester::getCase().addTestObject(this);} virtual void Do( void ){(Tester::g_pInstance->*RealTest)();} }; template<typename Tester, void (Tester::*Setup) ( void )> class SetupObject:public IFuncObject { public: SetupObject( void ){ Tester::getCase().addTestObject(this);} virtual void Do( void ){(Tester::g_pInstance->*Setup)();} }; template<typename Tester, void (Tester::*TearDown) ( void )> class TearDownObject:public IFuncObject { public: TearDownObject( void ){ Tester::getCase().setTearDown(this);} virtual void Do( void ){(Tester::g_pInstance->*TearDown)();} }; template<typename Tester> class TestCaller { public: TestCaller() { Tester::g_pInstance = new Tester(); TestSuite::getRootSuite()->add(&Tester::getCase()); } ~TestCaller() { delete Tester::g_pInstance; } }; } #define DECLARE_AS_TESTER(tester) typedef tester TestCaseType; / static FTest::TestCase __testCase; / public: / static FTest::TestCase& getCase( void ){return __testCase;} / static tester* g_pInstance; #define DECLARE_TEST(testName) public: / void testName( void ); / FTest::TestObject<TestCaseType,&TestCaseType::testName> __test##testName; / #define DECLARE_SETUP public: / void setup( void ); / FTest::SetupObject<TestCaseType,&TestCaseType::setup> __test##setup; #define DECLARE_TEARDOWN public: / void tearDwon( void ); / FTest::TearDownObject<TestCaseType,&TestCaseType::tearDwon> __test##tearDwon; #define CALL_TEST(tester) tester* tester::g_pInstance = NULL; / FTest::TestCase tester::__testCase = FTest::TestCase(); / FTest::TestCaller<tester> __##tester##callTester; #endif //FTEST_H
/*! * Copyright (c) 2010 FengGe(CN), Inc * All rights reserved * This program is UNPUBLISHED PROPRIETARY property of FengGe(CN). * Only for internal distribution. * * @file: FAssert.h * * @brief: used for my test framework * * @author: [email protected] * * @version: 1.0 * * @date: 2010-12-25 */ #ifndef _FASSERT_H #define _FASSERT_H #include <ostream> #include <string> #include <sstream> #include "FTest.h" namespace FTest { using std::ostream; using std::endl; using std::string; using std::stringstream; class TestMain { public: TestMain(ostream& rOstream): m_pStream(&rOstream) ,m_nFailedCnt(0) ,m_nSuccCnt(0) { g_pInstance = this; } ~TestMain( ) { getSteam()<<"Total: "<<m_nFailedCnt + m_nSuccCnt << " Success: "<<m_nSuccCnt<<" Failed: "<<m_nFailedCnt<<endl; g_pInstance = NULL; } void run() { TestSuite::getRootSuite()->run(); } public: static ostream& getSteam(){return *(g_pInstance->m_pStream);} static void addFaildCnt() {++g_pInstance->m_nFailedCnt;} static void addSuccCnt() {++g_pInstance->m_nSuccCnt;} private: ostream* m_pStream; int m_nFailedCnt; int m_nSuccCnt; static TestMain* g_pInstance; }; TestMain* TestMain::g_pInstance = NULL; inline void Assert(bool bTrue,const string& strFile,int nLine) { if (!bTrue) { TestMain::getSteam()<<"Failed at "<<strFile<<"("<<nLine<<")"<<endl; TestMain::addFaildCnt(); } else { TestMain::addSuccCnt(); } } template <typename T1,typename T2> void AssertEqual(const T1& lhs,const T2& rhs,const string& strFile,int nLine) { if (lhs != rhs) { TestMain::getSteam()<<"Failed at "<<strFile<<nLine<<": expected "<<lhs<<" but "<<rhs<<endl; TestMain::addFaildCnt(); } else { TestMain::addSuccCnt(); } } } #define ASSERT(b) FTest::Assert(b,__FUNCTION__,__LINE__) #define ASSERTFAIL(b) FTest::Assert(!b,__FUNCTION__,__LINE__) #define ASSERTEQUAL(lhs,rhs) FTest::AssertEqual(lhs,rhs,__FUNCTION__,__LINE__) #endif //FASSERT_H