windows下有HDTune可以查看磁盘的状态，防止磁盘挂掉才会自己知道，CentOS下有SMART (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology System) 同样对磁盘做状态检测
http://www.smartmontools.org/
下面以dell R720服务器举例，/dev/sda是1T的scsi接口普通硬盘，/dev/sdd 是三块盘做的raid5
# df -h #查看磁盘的名字
# dmesg |grep sdd #查看开机信息里面的磁盘info
sd 0:2:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI disk
# hdparm -I /dev/sda #查看磁盘硬件信息、开启的功能等,信息特别详细
下面用smart查看磁盘的状态：
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# yum install smartmontools //安装SMART
# smartctl -H /dev/sdd //磁盘健康状况查看
smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [x86_64-linux-3.10.56-11.el6.centos.alt.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen,
http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
SMART Health Status: OK
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# smartctl -A /dev/sda 或者 smartctl --all /dev/sda #硬盘的smart信息
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smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [x86_64-linux-3.10.56-11.el6.centos.alt.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen,
http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
Vendor: DELL
Product: PERC H310
Revision: 2.12
User Capacity: 598,879,502,336 bytes [598 GB]
Logical block size: 512 bytes
Logical Unit id:
Serial number:
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Wed Jan 14 15:37:39 2015 CST
Device does not support SMART
Error Counter logging not supported
Device does not support Self Test logging
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这里提示Device does not support SMART，所以按下面方式查看
查看raid5中第一块磁盘的状态
# smartctl -a -d megaraid,0 /dev/sdd
同样查看第二块、第三块磁盘的状态，根据自己的监控情况，加速nagios、zabbix报警
# smartctl -a -d megaraid,1 /dev/sdd
# smartctl -a -d megaraid,2 /dev/sdd
除此之外的smartctl用法，介绍的很详细：
# smartctl -h
Usage: smartctl [options] device
============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====
-h, --help, --usage
Display this help and exit
=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====
smartctl --all /dev/hda (Prints all SMART information)
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/hda
(Enables SMART on first disk)
smartctl --test=long /dev/hda (Executes extended disk self-test)
smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/hda
(Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twe0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twa0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twl0
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda
(Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort
of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=areca,3/1 /dev/sg2
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk of the 1st enclosure
on Areca RAID controller)
转：http://linux.it.net.cn/CentOS/fast/2015/0116/12045.html
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/314258/1683889