转自:http://blog.csdn.net/yake827/article/details/44983093
在上节已经实现了单张图片的ROS实现,而在现实中,我们一般是使用摄像头来获取图像,这次要实现在ROS中使用摄像头传输图像,我使用的是罗技的usb网络摄像头,首先我们需要获取摄像头的型号,如下所示:
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[email protected]:~$ lsusb
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Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
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Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
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Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
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Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
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Bus 001 Device 003: ID 04f2:b1e5 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
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Bus 002 Device 003: ID 046d:c058 Logitech, Inc. M115 Mouse
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Bus 002 Device 008: ID 046d:0825 Logitech, Inc. Webcam C270
我所使用的是罗技的C270网络摄像头.接下来我们要为摄像头安装驱动,我使用的是cheese点击打开链接,这个驱动的好处是在ubuntu环境下直接apt-get获得
安装完成后,插上摄像头可以发现在dev/目录下多了一个viedo0的设备,这个说明摄像头驱动已经安装完成.接下来开始在ROS中使用它.使用的方式是通过opencv函数来实现.
首先还是要创建一个包,写一个驱动摄像头的文件,命名为my_publisher.cpp,作用是获取图像并打包成ros格式发送出去,创建包的方法与单张图片一样,my_publisher.cpp内容如下:
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#include <ros/ros.h>
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#include <image_transport/image_transport.h>
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#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
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#include <cv_bridge/cv_bridge.h>
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#include <sstream> // for converting the command line parameter to integer
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int main(int argc, char** argv)
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{
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// Check if video source has been passed as a parameter
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if(argv[1] == NULL)
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{
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ROS_INFO("argv[1]=NULL\n");
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return 1;
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}
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ros::init(argc, argv, "image_publisher");
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ros::NodeHandle nh;
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image_transport::ImageTransport it(nh);
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image_transport::Publisher pub = it.advertise("camera/image", 1);
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// Convert the passed as command line parameter index for the video device to an integer
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std::istringstream video_sourceCmd(argv[1]);
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int video_source;
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// Check if it is indeed a number
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if(!(video_sourceCmd >> video_source))
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{
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ROS_INFO("video_sourceCmd is %d\n",video_source);
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return 1;
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}
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cv::VideoCapture cap(video_source);
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// Check if video device can be opened with the given index
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if(!cap.isOpened())
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{
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ROS_INFO("can not opencv video device\n");
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return 1;
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}
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cv::Mat frame;
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sensor_msgs::ImagePtr msg;
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ros::Rate loop_rate(5);
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while (nh.ok()) {
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cap >> frame;
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// Check if grabbed frame is actually full with some content
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if(!frame.empty()) {
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msg = cv_bridge::CvImage(std_msgs::Header(), "bgr8", frame).toImageMsg();
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pub.publish(msg);
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//cv::Wait(1);
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}
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ros::spinOnce();
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loop_rate.sleep();
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}
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}
再写一个my_subscriber.cpp,作用是获取ROS图像并显示,内容如下:
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#include <ros/ros.h>
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#include <image_transport/image_transport.h>
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#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
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#include <cv_bridge/cv_bridge.h>
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void imageCallback(const sensor_msgs::ImageConstPtr& msg)
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{
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try
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{
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cv::imshow("view", cv_bridge::toCvShare(msg, "bgr8")->image);
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// cv::WaitKey(30);
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}
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catch (cv_bridge::Exception& e)
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{
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ROS_ERROR("Could not convert from '%s' to 'bgr8'.", msg->encoding.c_str());
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}
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}
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int main(int argc, char **argv)
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{
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ros::init(argc, argv, "image_listener");
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ros::NodeHandle nh;
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cv::namedWindow("view");
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cv::startWindowThread();
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image_transport::ImageTransport it(nh);
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image_transport::Subscriber sub = it.subscribe("camera/image", 1, imageCallback);
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ros::spin();
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cv::destroyWindow("view");
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}
接下来要把设计到的各种包和opencv在CmakeList中声明一下,添加以下语句
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find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
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# add the publisher example
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add_executable(my_publisher src/my_publisher.cpp)
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target_link_libraries(my_publisher ${catkin_LIBRARIES} ${OpenCV_LIBRARIES})
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# add the subscriber example
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add_executable(my_subscriber src/my_subscriber.cpp)
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target_link_libraries(my_subscriber ${catkin_LIBRARIES} ${OpenCV_LIBRARIES})
将这个包进行编译
编译过程可能会出现错误,其中一个就是cv::WaitKey不能识别,这个问题到最后依然没有解决,我是直接把它注释掉,这样也没什么影响.接下来开始运行程序,首先启动ROS.
运行my_publisher节点.(如果运行不起来,需要先source devel/setup.bash)
这时候会看到我们的摄像头灯已经亮起来了,0代表默认摄像头,如果有多个摄像头,则第二个是1,依次类推.
接下来运行my_subscriber节点来接收图像
这时候如果没有错误的话就会弹出图像窗口

可以看到我们摄像头传输出来的图像,到此,整个程序结束!