概要：
excel导出在C#代码中应用己经很广泛了，我这里就做些总结，供自己和读者学习用。
Excel知识点。
一、添加引用和命名空间
添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel引用，它的默认路径是C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Visual Studio Tools for Office\PIA\Office12\Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
代码中添加引用using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
二、Excel类的简单介绍
此命名空间下关于Excel类的结构分别为：
ApplicationClass - 就是我们的excel应用程序。
Workbook - 就是我们平常见的一个个excel文件，经常是使用Workbooks类对其进行操作。
Worksheet - 就是excel文件中的一个个sheet页。
Worksheet.Cells[row, column] - 就是某行某列的单元格，注意这里的下标row和column都是从1开始的，跟我平常用的数组或集合的下标有所不同。
知道了上述基本知识后，利用此类来操作excel就清晰了很多。
三、Excel的操作
任何操作Excel的动作首先肯定是用excel应用程序，首先要new一个ApplicationClass 实例，并在最后将此实例释放。
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ApplicationClass
xlsApp = new ApplicationClass();
//
1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。
if (xlsApp
== null)
{
//对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel
}
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1. 打开现有的Excel文件
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Workbook
workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
Worksheet
mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet;
//第一个sheet页
mySheet.Name
= "testsheet";
//这里修改sheet名称
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2.复制sheet页
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mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing,
workbook.Sheets[1]); //复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个
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注意 这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。
3.删除sheet页
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xlsApp.DisplayAlerts
= false;
//如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。
(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1]
as Worksheet).Delete();
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4.选中sheet页
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(xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1]
as Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing);
//选中某个sheet页
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5.另存excel文件
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workbook.Saved
= true;
workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);
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6.释放excel资源
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workbook.Close(true,
Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
workbook
= null;
xlsApp.Quit();
xlsApp
= null;
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一般的我们传入一个DataTable生成Excel代码
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///
<summary>
///
///
</summary>
///
<param name="dt"></param>
protected void ExportExcel(DataTable
dt)
{
if (dt
== null||dt.Rows.Count==0)
return;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application
xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
if (xlApp
== null)
{
return;
}
System.Globalization.CultureInfo
CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture
= new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks
workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook
workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet
worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range
range;
long totalCount
= dt.Rows.Count;
long rowRead
= 0;
float percent
= 0;
for (int i
= 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[1,
i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
range
= (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];
range.Interior.ColorIndex
= 15;
range.Font.Bold
= true;
}
for (int r
= 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
{
for (int i
= 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[r
+ 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();
}
rowRead++;
percent
= ((float)(100
* rowRead)) / totalCount;
}
xlApp.Visible
= true;
}
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如果要在excel中插入图片，我们需要把代码加入一行即可，如下所示
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protected void ExportExcel(DataTable
dt)
{
if (dt
== null ||
dt.Rows.Count == 0) return;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application
xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
if (xlApp
== null)
{
return;
}
System.Globalization.CultureInfo
CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture
= new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks
workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook
workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet
worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range
range;
long totalCount
= dt.Rows.Count;
long rowRead
= 0;
float percent
= 0;
for (int i
= 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[1,
i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
range
= (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];
range.Interior.ColorIndex
= 15;
}
for (int r
= 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)
{
for (int i
= 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
try
{
worksheet.Cells[r
+ 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();
}
catch
{
worksheet.Cells[r
+ 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString().Replace("=",
"");
}
}
rowRead++;
percent
= ((float)(100
* rowRead)) / totalCount;
}
worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif",
Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);
worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1,
"123456",
"Red",
15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);
xlApp.Visible
= true;
}
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我们调用如下:
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public void GenerateExcel()
{
DataTable
dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add("Name",
typeof(string));
dt.Columns.Add("Age",
typeof(string));
DataRow
dr = dt.NewRow();
dr["Name"]
= "spring";
dr["Age"]
= "20";
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
dt.AcceptChanges();
ExportExcel(dt);
}
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运行结果如下所示:
其中如下代码的作用是
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worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\\Users\\spring\\Desktop\\1.gif",
Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);
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在Excel的指定位置加入图片
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worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1,
"123456",
"Red",
15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);
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在Excel的指定位置加入文本框，和里面的内容.
我们可以这样来设计一个ExcelBase的基类:
先创建一个ExcelBE.cs：
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public class ExcelBE
{
private int _row
= 0;
private int _col
= 0;
private string _text
= string.Empty;
private string _startCell
= string.Empty;
private string _endCell
= string.Empty;
private string _interiorColor
= string.Empty;
private bool _isMerge
= false;
private int _size
= 0;
private string _fontColor
= string.Empty;
private string _format
= string.Empty;
public ExcelBE(int row,
int col,
string text,
string startCell,
string endCell,
string interiorColor,
bool isMerge,
int size,
string fontColor,
string format)
{
_row
= row;
_col
= col;
_text
= text;
_startCell
= startCell;
_endCell
= endCell;
_interiorColor
= interiorColor;
_isMerge
= isMerge;
_size
= size;
_fontColor
= fontColor;
_format
= format;
}
public ExcelBE()
{
}
public int Row
{
get {
return _row;
}
set {
_row = value; }
}
public int Col
{
get {
return _col;
}
set {
_col = value; }
}
public string Text
{
get {
return _text;
}
set {
_text = value; }
}
public string StartCell
{
get {
return _startCell;
}
set {
_startCell = value; }
}
public string EndCell
{
get {
return _endCell;
}
set {
_endCell = value; }
}
public string InteriorColor
{
get {
return _interiorColor;
}
set {
_interiorColor = value; }
}
public bool IsMerge
{
get {
return _isMerge;
}
set {
_isMerge = value; }
}
public int Size
{
get {
return _size;
}
set {
_size = value; }
}
public string FontColor
{
get {
return _fontColor;
}
set {
_fontColor = value; }
}
public string Formart
{
get {
return _format;
}
set {
_format = value; }
}
}
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接下来创建ExcelBase.cs:
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public class ExcelBase
{
private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application
app = null;
private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook
workbook = null;
private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet
worksheet = null;
private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range
workSheet_range = null;
public ExcelBase()
{
createDoc();
}
public void createDoc()
{
try
{
app
= new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
app.Visible
= true;
workbook
= app.Workbooks.Add(1);
worksheet
= (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Sheets[1];
}
catch (Exception
e)
{
Console.Write("Error");
}
finally
{
}
}
public void InsertData(ExcelBE
be)
{
worksheet.Cells[be.Row,
be.Col] = be.Text;
workSheet_range
= worksheet.get_Range(be.StartCell, be.EndCell);
workSheet_range.MergeCells
= be.IsMerge;
workSheet_range.Interior.Color
= GetColorValue(be.InteriorColor);
workSheet_range.Borders.Color
= System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();
workSheet_range.ColumnWidth
= be.Size;
workSheet_range.Font.Color
= string.IsNullOrEmpty(be.FontColor)
? System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb() : System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();
workSheet_range.NumberFormat
= be.Formart;
}
private int GetColorValue(string interiorColor)
{
switch (interiorColor)
{
case "YELLOW":
return System.Drawing.Color.Yellow.ToArgb();
case "GRAY":
return System.Drawing.Color.Gray.ToArgb();
case "GAINSBORO":
return System.Drawing.Color.Gainsboro.ToArgb();
case "Turquoise":
return System.Drawing.Color.Turquoise.ToArgb();
case "PeachPuff":
return System.Drawing.Color.PeachPuff.ToArgb();
default:
return System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();
}
}
}
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调用的代码如下:
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private void btnRun_Click(object sender,
EventArgs e)
{
ExcelBase
excel = new ExcelBase();
//creates
the main header
ExcelBE
be = null;
be
= new ExcelBE
(5, 2, "Total
of Products",
"B5",
"D5",
"YELLOW",
true,
10, "n",null);
excel.InsertData(be);
//creates
subheaders
be
= new ExcelBE
(6, 2, "Sold
Product",
"B6",
"B6",
"GRAY",
true,
10, "",null);
excel.InsertData(be);
be=new ExcelBE(6,
3, "",
"C6",
"C6",
"GRAY",
true,
10, "",null);
excel.InsertData(be);
be=new ExcelBE
(6, 4, "Initial
Total",
"D6",
"D6",
"GRAY",
true,
10, "",null);
excel.InsertData(be);
//add
Data to cells
be=new ExcelBE
(7, 2, "114287",
"B7",
"B7",null,false,10,"",
"#,##0");
excel.InsertData(be);
be=new ExcelBE
(7, 3, "",
"C7",
"C7",
null,false,10,"",null);
excel.InsertData(be);
be
= new ExcelBE(7,
4, "129121",
"D7",
"D7",
null,
false,
10, "",
"#,##0");
excel.InsertData(be);
//add
percentage row
be
= new ExcelBE(8,
2, "",
"B8",
"B8",
null,
false,
10, "",
"");
excel.InsertData(be);
be
= new ExcelBE(8,
3, "=B7/D7",
"C8",
"C8",
null,
false,
10, "",
"0.0%");
excel.InsertData(be);
be
= new ExcelBE(8,
4, "",
"D8",
"D8",
null,
false,
10, "",
"");
excel.InsertData(be);
//add
empty divider
be
= new ExcelBE(9,
2, "",
"B9",
"D9",
"GAINSBORO",
true,
10, "",null);
excel.InsertData(be);
}
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结果如下图所示：
