安卓okhttp如何上传文件、图片以及数据

前言

由于前段时间参加学校比赛，都没有时间来更新博客，这里给大家带来一篇非常实用的文章

本文类容

安卓如何通过okhttp2.0上传数据、文件，而我们的后端采用的是spring boot2.0来接收我们的上传的数据

前期准备

1、导入箭头所指向的这两个包，如果没有则点击这里进行下载https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_43055096/11148006

2、由于我们要上传文件图片,所以我们必须要加入权限，而安卓6.0之后对权限要求很严格，不仅要在xml里面配置，还要写到我们的程序中。（按照小编的写法写好我们的xml，后面的还会说道我们手动权限的配置）

之后我们就可以开始我们的数据上传了。

这里小编给大家写了一个工具类，

package activity.sleephousekeeper.Utils;


import android.util.Log;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import okhttp3.Call;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.Headers;
import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;


public class OkhttpUtil {

    private static OkhttpUtil instance;

    private OkhttpUtil(){

    }
    public static OkhttpUtil getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
            instance = new OkhttpUtil();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * 通过get 提交
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    public Call get(String url){
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .build();
        Call call = client.newCall(request);
        return call;
    }

    /**
     * 通过post方式提交表单
     * @param url 提交地址
     * @param map 表单数据
     * @return Call
     */
    public Call post(String url, Map<String,Object> map){
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        FormBody.Builder formBody = new FormBody.Builder();//创建表单请求体
        Set<String> keys = map.keySet();
        for(String k:keys){
            formBody.add(k,map.get(k).toString());
        }

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                                    .url(url)
                                    .post(formBody.build())
                                    .build();
        return client.newCall(request);
    }

    /**
     * 通过post提交json数据
     * @param url 提交地址
     * @param json 提交的实例
     * @return call
     */
    public Call post(String url,String json){
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        RequestBody requestBody = FormBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8")
                , json);

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)//请求的url
                .post(requestBody)
                .build();
        return client.newCall(request);
    }

    /**
     * okhttp对文件的操作
     * @param filepath 文件路径
     * @param url 文件地址
     * @param filename //文件名称
     * @return
     */
    public Call file_submit(String filepath,String url,String filename){
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        File file = new File(filepath);
        Log.i("text",filepath);
        RequestBody fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream"), file);
        //请求体
        RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
                .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
                .addPart(Headers.of(
                        "Content-Disposition",
                        "form-data; name=\"filename\""),
                        RequestBody.create(null, "lzr"))//这里是携带上传的其他数据
                .addPart(Headers.of(
                        "Content-Disposition",
                        "form-data; name=\"mFile\"; filename=\"" + filename + "\""), fileBody)
                .build();
        //请求的地址
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(requestBody)
                .build();
        return client.newCall(request);
    }
}

手动申请权限

在我们的MainActivity中加入这样一行代码,并且在主页面运行的时候启动这个方法（这里开启的是对文件读写的操作）

// An highlighted block
   private void myRequetPermission() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "您已经申请了权限!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

安卓上传数据代码

   public void LoginClick(View v) {
        progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(LoginActivity.this, "登录中......", "");

        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.text_registe:
                showToast(LoginActivity.this, "前往注册界面");
                startActivity(new Intent(LoginActivity.this, RegistActivity.class));
                break;
            case R.id.btn_login:
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        final String username = musername.getText().toString();
                        String password = mpassword.getText().toString();
                        //这里就是我们数据上传的地址
                        String url = "http://192.168.43.104:8080/userLogin/submit";
                        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
                        map.put("username", username);
                        map.put("password", password);
                        Call call = OkhttpUtil.getInstance().post(url, map);
                        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
                            @Override
                            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                                Looper.prepare();
                                Toast toast = Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this, "登录失败......", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
                                progressDialog.dismiss();
                                toast.show();
                                Looper.loop();
                            }

                            @Override
                            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                                String json = response.body().string();
                                Log.i("success........", "成功" + json);
                        

                            }
                        });

                    }
                }).start();
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }

    }

注意任何耗时操作一定不能直接写在主线程内，一定要开启另外一个分线程进行

后端接收安卓上传数据代码（这里采用的是spring boot作为后台）

@RequestMapping(value = "/userLogin/submit",method = RequestMethod.POST)
   public String userLogin(HttpServletRequest request){

    String username = request.getParameter("username");
    String password = request.getParameter("password");
    System.out.println(username);
    HttpSession session = request.getSession();
    User u = usi.findUserByUsernameAndPassowrd(username,password);
    Result r = new Result();
    if (u==null){
         r.setCode(10001);
         r.setMessage("用户名不存在");
    }else {
         r.setCode(200);
         r.setMessage("登录成功");
         r.setData(u);
         session.setAttribute("id",username);
         System.out.println("已经把username放入session中");
    }
    System.out.println((String) session.getAttribute("id"));
    return GsonUtil.ObjectToString(r);
}

那么我们的文件、图片上传呢

public void text(View view){
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.file_submit:
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
                        //这里小编是自定义了一个textPath
                        String textPath="/sdcard/1243/12.txt";
                        File file = new File(textPath);
                        filename = textPath.substring(textPath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                       
                        RequestBody fileBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream"), file);
                        RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
                                .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
                                .addPart(Headers.of(
                                        "Content-Disposition",
                                        "form-data; name=\"getUpTime\""),
                                        RequestBody.create(null, "2019-3-29"))
                                .addPart(Headers.of(
                                        "Content-Disposition",
                                        "form-data; name=\"originalData\"; filename=\"" + filename + "\""), fileBody)
                                .build();

                        String url = "http://192.168.43.104:8080/file";
                        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                                .url(url)
                                .post(requestBody)
                                .build();
                        Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);

                        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
                            @Override
                            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                                Log.e("text", "failure upload!");
                            }

                            @Override
                            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                                Log.i("text", "success upload!");
                                String json = response.body().string();
                                Log.i("success........","成功"+json);
                            }
                        });

                    }
                }).start();
                break;
        }
        }

Spring boot 文件接收后台

 //文件上传
    @PostMapping(value = "/file")
    public String fileUpload(@RequestParam(value = "originalData") MultipartFile file, Model model, HttpServletRequest request) {
        if (file.isEmpty()) {
            System.out.println("文件为空空");
        }

        System.out.println("文件开始上传");
        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();  // 文件名
        System.out.println(fileName);
        String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));  // 后缀名
        //上传到服务器之中了
//        String filePath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("imgupload/");
        String filePath = "D://aaa/";

        File dest = new File(filePath + fileName);
        if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {
            dest.getParentFile().mkdirs(); }
        try { file.transferTo(dest);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        String filename = "/temp-rainy/" + fileName;
        model.addAttribute("filename", filename);
        return "file";
        ｝

当我们点击文件上传时
我们后台也就开始接收到我么上传的文件或者是图片了

我们的文件也被相应的保存在了D盘